Abstract: The invention provides an in vitro method of improving the efficiency of establishment of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The method comprises contacting an isolated somatic cell being reprogrammed into an iPS cell with an inhibitor of p53 function. The invention also provides an in vitro method of producing iPS cells. The method comprises bringing (a) nuclear reprogramming substances or nucleic acids encoding the nuclear reprogramming substances and (b) an inhibitor of p53 function into contact with a somatic cell.

Abstract: A method of producing an induced pluripotent stem cell, comprising the step of introducing at least one kind of non-viral expression vector incorporating at least one gene that encodes a reprogramming factor into a somatic cell. In some embodiments, the gene that encodes a reprogramming factor is one or more kind of genes selected from the group consisting of an Oct family gene, a Klf family gene, a Sox family gene, a Myc family gene, a Lin family gene, and the Nanog gene.

Abstract: A method for producing an additively manufactured object includes melting and solidifying a filler metal by use of an arc, and depositing and forming a plurality of layers of molten beads to produce a built-up object, and the method includes: shaping the molten bead of a previous layer; and monitoring a temperature of the molten bead of the previous layer. Shaping of the molten bead of a next layer is started when the temperature of the molten bead of the previous layer is equal to or lower than an allowable interpass temperature.

Abstract: Provided are a residual stress estimation method and a residual stress estimation device capable of estimating residual stress suitable for a structure in which inherent strain occupied mainly by plastic strain occurs. A constraint condition is introduced to a distribution function used in the residual stress estimation method based on an inherent strain method, the constraint condition being that a plastic-worked structure does not undergo volume change before and after working. Residual stress or elastic strain is measured from a T piece collected from the structure, and a parameter of the distribution function is optimized so as to approximate the inherent strain at each measurement point obtained from the measured value of the residual stress or elastic strain. An estimated value of the residual stress in the structure is calculated using the obtained parameter.

Abstract: A steel sheet for hot pressing includes in a chemical composition, in percent by mass, C of 0.1% to 0.4%, Si of greater than 0% to 2.0%, Mn of 0.5% to 3.0%, P of greater than 0% to 0.015%, S of greater than 0% to 0.01%, B of 0.0003% to 0.01%, N of greater than 0% to 0.05%, Al in a content of 2×[N]% to 0.3% at a Si content of greater than 0.5% to 2.0%; or Al in a content of (0.20+2×[N]?0.40×[Si]N)% to 0.3% at a Si content of 0% to 0.5%, where [N] and [Si] are contents of N and Si, respectively, in mass percent, with the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities, where contents of Ti, Zr, Hf, and Ta, of the inevitable impurities, are each controlled to 0.005% or lower. The steel sheet includes nitride-based inclusions with an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ?m or more in a number density of 0.10 per square millimeter.

Abstract: A method of producing an induced pluripotent stem cell includes introducing into a somatic cell one or more non-viral expression vectors. The vectors include one or more of an Oct family gene, a Klf family gene, a Sox family gene, a Myc family gene, a Lin family gene, and Nanog gene. The somatic cell is then cultured in a medium that supports pluripotent stem cells. At least a portion of the one or more introduced non-viral expression vectors is not substantially integrated in the chromosome.

Abstract: A method for evaluating induced pluripotent stem cells, including providing cultured induced pluripotent stem cells, measuring spontaneous frequency of an organelle having an abnormal nucleic acid structure in the induced pluripotent stem cells, and identifying induced pluripotent stem cells having a spontaneous frequency of not more than a reference value; induced pluripotent stem cells having the spontaneous frequency exceeding the reference value; and a method for selecting induced pluripotent stem cells further including selecting induced pluripotent stem cells having the spontaneous frequency of not more than the reference value, are described. A production method of induced pluripotent stem cells is also described.

Abstract: A method for producing an additively manufactured object includes melting and solidifying a filler metal by use of an arc, and depositing and forming a plurality of layers of molten beads to produce a built-up object, and the method includes: shaping the molten bead of a previous layer; and monitoring a temperature of the molten bead of the previous layer. Shaping of the molten bead of a next layer is started when the temperature of the molten bead of the previous layer is equal to or lower than an allowable interpass temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a residual stress estimation method and a residual stress estimation device capable of suppressing the number of cut pieces to be collected for measuring inherent strain without deteriorating residual stress estimation accuracy. In a case where it is assumed that the inherent strain is uniformly distributed in one direction in a structure, a user measures residual stress from a cut piece collected in a region in which the inherent strain is uniformly distributed and inputs the measured value to the residual stress estimation device. The residual stress estimation device estimates a two-dimensional inherent strain distribution on an analysis surface perpendicular to the one direction in the structure using the input residual stress measured value, transfers the estimated two-dimensional inherent strain distribution to the one direction, and estimates a three-dimensional inherent strain distribution in the structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a production method of iPS cell, including a step of introducing the following (1) and (2): (1) an episomal vector containing a nuclear reprogramming factor; and (2) an episomal vector containing EBNA-1, which is different from (1), into a somatic cell, as well as a method for improving iPS cell establishment efficiency. The present invention also provides an agent for improving iPS cell establishment efficiency, which contains an episomal vector containing a nucleic acid encoding EBNA-1, and a kit for producing an iPS cell further containing an episomal vector containing a nucleic acid encoding a nuclear reprogramming factor.

Abstract: A rotary machine unit equipped with rotary shaft provided so as to penetrate the respective opposing surfaces of a first casing and a second casing arranged opposing one another, said rotary machine unit also being equipped with at least two engagement mechanisms equipped with a first engaging part provided on the opposing surface of the first casing and extending radially along the direction from the center part penetrated by the rotary shaft toward the circumferential edge part, and a second engaging part provided on the opposing surface of the second casing so as to engage the first engaging part in a state in which the first engaging part is able to move in the extension direction of the first engaging part. The engagement mechanisms are provided inclined with respect to one another when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft.

Abstract: The invention provides an in vitro method of improving the efficiency of establishment of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The method comprises contacting an isolated somatic cell being reprogrammed into an iPS cell with an inhibitor of p53 function. The invention also provides an in vitro method of producing iPS cells. The method comprises bringing (a) nuclear reprogramming substances or nucleic acids encoding the nuclear reprogramming substances and (b) an inhibitor of p53 function into contact with a somatic cell.

Abstract: A steel sheet for hot-pressing includes a specific chemical component composition. In the steel sheet, an average equivalent-circle diameter of a Ti-containing precipitate having an equivalent-circle diameter of 30 nm or less among Ti-containing precipitates contained in the steel sheet is 3 nm or more. A precipitated Ti amount and a total Ti amount in the steel satisfy the relationship of: Precipitated Ti amount (mass %)?3.4[N]?0.5×[(total Ti amount (mass %))?3.4[N]], in which [N] indicates the content (mass %) of N in the steel. A ferrite fraction in the metal microstructure of the steel sheet is 30 area % or more.

Abstract: A steel sheet for hot pressing includes in a chemical composition, in percent by mass, C of 0.1% to 0.4%, Si of greater than 0% to 2.0%, Mn of 0.5% to 3.0%, P of greater than 0% to 0.015%, S of greater than 0% to 0.01%, F3 of 0.0003% to 0.01%, N of greater than 0% to 0.05%, Al in a content of 2×[N]% to 0.3% at a Si content of greater than 0.5% to 2.0%; or Al in a content of (0.20+2×[N]-0.40×[Si]N)% to 0.3% at a Si content of 0% to 0.5%, where [N] and [Si] are contents of N and Si, respectively, in mass percent, with the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities, where contents of Ti, Zr, Hf, and Ta, of the inevitable impurities, are each controlled to 0.005% or lower. The steel sheet includes nitride-based inclusions with an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ?m or more in a number density of 0.10 per square millimeter.

Abstract: Provided is a residual stress estimation method and a residual stress estimation device which are capable of setting an appropriate analysis range without depending on a user's experience. The residual stress estimation device displays analysis results in which strain generated in a structure is analyzed. A user determines a position and a size of an analysis range based on the analysis results, and inputs the determined position and size of the analysis range and a measured value of residual stress of a cut piece of the structure at a measurement point to the residual stress estimation device. The residual stress estimation device estimates distribution of inherent strain in the analysis range to approximate the inherent strain distribution obtained from the input measured value of the residual stress of the cut piece, thereby estimating the residual stress of the structure based on the inherent strain.

Abstract: A steel sheet for hot pressing use according to the present invention has a specified chemical component composition, wherein some of Ti-containing precipitates contained in the steel sheet, each of which having an equivalent circle diameter of 30 nm or less, have an average equivalent circle diameter of 3 nm or more, the precipitated Ti amount and the total Ti amount in the steel fulfill the relationship represented by formula (1) shown below, and the sum total of the fraction of bainite and the fraction of martensite in the metal microstructure is 80 area % or more. Precipitated Ti amount (mass %)?3.4[N]>0.5×[total Ti amount (mass %)?3.4[N]]??(1) (In the formula (1), [N] represents the content (mass %) of N in the steel.

Abstract: A method capable of accurately measuring, in an object including a columnar shaft section and a tabular section projecting outward radially beyond an outer circumferential surface of the shaft section, a distribution of residual stress near a fillet surface interconnecting the shaft section and the tabular section. The method includes repeating a measurement cycle, which includes cutting the object to form a new cutting surface and measuring residual stress in a plurality of parts on the cutting surface. The cutting surface is a conical or cylindrical surface concentric with the axis of the shaft section, being through a reference position unchanged in the repeated measurement cycle. The reference position is desirably the center position of an arc of the fillet surface having the largest diameter on the central longitudinal cross-section of the object.

Abstract: In the present invention, a press-formed product is manufactured by heating a steel sheet for hot pressing use to a temperature of 900° C. or above and 1,100° C. or below, the steel sheet for hot pressing use having a predetermined chemical component composition, some of Ti-containing precipitates contained in the steel sheet, each of which having an equivalent circle diameter of 30 nm or less, having an average equivalent circle diameter of 6 nm or less, and the precipitated Ti amount and the total Ti amount in the steel fulfilling the relationship represented by formula (1) shown below, thereafter starting press-forming, and holding at the bottom dead point and cooling to a temperature lower than the martensite transformation starting temperature Ms while securing the average cooling rate of 20° C./s or more within a tool. Precipitated Ti amount(mass %)?3.4[N]<0.5×[total Ti amount (mass %)?3.4[N]]??(1) (In the formula (1), [N] represents the content (mass %) of N in the steel.).

Abstract: Provided is a residual stress estimation method and a residual stress estimation device which are capable of setting an appropriate analysis range without depending on a user's experience. The residual stress estimation device displays analysis results in which strain generated in a structure is analyzed. A user determines a position and a size of an analysis range based on the analysis results, and inputs the determined position and size of the analysis range and a measured value of residual stress of a cut piece of the structure at a measurement point to the residual stress estimation device. The residual stress estimation device estimates distribution of inherent strain in the analysis range to approximate the inherent strain distribution obtained from the input measured value of the residual stress of the cut piece, thereby estimating the residual stress of the structure based on the inherent strain.

Abstract: Provided is a residual stress estimation method and a residual stress estimation device capable of suppressing the number of cut pieces to be collected for measuring inherent strain without deteriorating residual stress estimation accuracy. In a case where it is assumed that the inherent strain is uniformly distributed in one direction in a structure, a user measures residual stress from a cut piece collected in a region in which the inherent strain is uniformly distributed and inputs the measured value to the residual stress estimation device. The residual stress estimation device estimates a two-dimensional inherent strain distribution on an analysis surface perpendicular to the one direction in the structure using the input residual stress measured value, transfers the estimated two-dimensional inherent strain distribution to the one direction, and estimates a three-dimensional inherent strain distribution in the structure.