Abstract: A semiconductor laser includes a ridge structure formed on an n-type semiconductor substrate, and a buried layer buried so as to cover both sides of the ridge structure opposed to each other in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the ridge structure. The ridge structure includes an n-type cladding layer, an active layer, and a p-type cladding layer formed sequentially from a side of the n-type semiconductor substrate. The buried layer includes a p-type semiconductor layer in contact with both side surfaces of the p-type cladding layer and the active layer in the ridge structure, and a semi-insulating layer, and the p-type semiconductor layer is not in contact with the n-type cladding layer of the ridge structure.

Abstract: A biological sound sensor to be used in contact with a skin of a living body, and includes a casing that has an opening in a face on the side facing the skin of the living body, a double-sided adhesive membrane having a first surface and a second surface, the second surface closes the opening by adhering to the face of the casing and the first surface adheres to the skin when collecting a biological sound produced in the living body. A microphone is arranged in the casing and picks up the biological sound. The double-sided adhesive membrane has a one-material portion, made of the first adhesive material, through the double-sided adhesive membrane from the first surface to the second surface.

Abstract: A PC comprises a measurement unit, a consumption rate calculation unit, a culture medium replacement detection unit, and a next step transition determination unit. The measurement unit acquires the amount of consumed glucose from the result of continuously measuring the concentration of glucose contained in a culture medium (X) of a culture vessel. The consumption rate calculation unit calculates the consumption rate at which glucose is consumed by differentiating the amount of glucose consumed. The culture medium replacement detection unit detects that the culture medium (X) in the culture vessel has been replaced or added. When the culture medium (X) is replaced or added, the next step transition determination unit determines whether or not to proceed to the next step according to whether or not the consumption rate after the replacement or addition of the culture medium (X) calculated by the consumption rate calculation unit satisfies a specific condition.

Abstract: To estimate concentration of a cellular metabolite contained in a culture medium where certain cells are cultured, using a simple method, etc., spectroscopy. The number of the certain cells is estimatable by applying previously obtained information regarding relationship between a cellular metabolite concentration and the number of the certain cells. In spectroscopy, the higher the cellular metabolite concentration, the more accurately the actual concentration of the cell consumed-substance can be estimated. Accordingly, the concentration of a cell-consumed substance, decreasing as cells are cultured, are estimated in the early to middle stages of culture, and the concentrations of a cell-produced substance, increasing as cells are cultured, are estimated in the middle to late stage of the culture. This enables estimation of the number of cells in the entire range from beginning to end of cell culture.

Abstract: A freezing system includes a freezing device and an acquisition unit. The freezing device includes: a holding room for holding a plurality of containers, the plurality of containers each having an RF tag attached thereto, containing a material to be cooled, and being held at corresponding one of predetermined positions; and a plurality of antennas provided inside the holding room each corresponding to one of the predetermined positions, the plurality of antennas each being configured to receive information stored in the RF tag. The acquisition unit acquires information received by the plurality of antennas, with the plurality of containers being held in the holding room.

Abstract: A biological sound sensor to be used in contact with a skin of a living body, and includes a casing that has an opening in a face on the side facing the skin of the living body, a double-sided adhesive membrane having a first surface and a second surface, the second surface closes the opening by adhering to the face of the casing and the first surface adheres to the skin when collecting a biological sound produced in the living body. A microphone is arranged in the casing and picks up the biological sound. The double-sided adhesive membrane has a one-material portion, made of the first adhesive material, through the double-sided adhesive membrane from the first surface to the second surface.

Abstract: A biological sound sensor to be used in contact with a skin of a living body, and includes a casing that has an opening in a face on the side facing the skin of the living body, a double-sided adhesive membrane, one surface of which closes the opening by adhering to the face of the casing and the other surface of which adheres to the skin when collecting a biological sound produced in the living body, and a microphone that is arranged in the casing and picks up the biological sound. The double-sided adhesive membrane includes a one-material portion made from a single type of material across the entire width in the thickness direction, the one-material portion being made from an adhesive material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device which includes forming an alignment mark in a planned cutting line region of a first surface of a semiconductor substrate, forming a stacked structure above the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, removing the portion of the stacked structure present above the alignment mark, aligning the substrate in the lithography process, by causing infrared light to pass through the semiconductor substrate from a second surface thereof which is on a side opposite to the first surface thereof and performing positional alignment for exposure of a resist pattern based on the location of the alignment mark using infrared light reflected from the alignment mark, and exposing the resist, opening a pattern in the exposed resist, and further processing the semiconductor substrate using the resist pattern.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device which includes forming an alignment mark in a planned cutting line region of a first surface of a semiconductor substrate, forming a stacked structure above the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, removing the portion of the stacked structure present above the alignment mark, aligning the substrate in the lithography process, by causing infrared light to pass through the semiconductor substrate from a second surface thereof which is on a side opposite to the first surface thereof and performing positional alignment for exposure of a resist pattern based on the location of the alignment mark using infrared light reflected from the alignment mark, and exposing the resist, opening a pattern in the exposed resist, and further processing the semiconductor substrate using the resist pattern.

Abstract: A biological sound sensor to be used in contact with a skin of a living body, and includes a casing that has an opening in a face on the side facing the skin of the living body, a double-sided adhesive membrane, one surface of which closes the opening by adhering to the face of the casing and the other surface of which adheres to the skin when collecting a biological sound produced in the living body, and a microphone that is arranged in the casing and picks up the biological sound. The double-sided adhesive membrane includes a one-material portion made from a single type of material across the entire width in the thickness direction, the one-material portion being made from an adhesive material.

Abstract: A vibrating dental device vibrates a specific tooth in a dentition attached with a bracket, a wire or a mouthpiece as an orthodontic appliance. The vibrating dental device includes a vibration source, a connector connected to the orthodontic appliance, and a vibration transmitter, which transmits vibration generated by the vibration source to the connector. The connector is detachably attached to the orthodontic appliance.