Abstract: There are disclosed methods for driving liquid crystal display apparatuses for certainly completing in a short time to performing a transition of liquid crystal molecules to a displayable alignment in liquid crystal display apparatuses such that an initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the displayable alignment, typically an optically compensated bend mode liquid crystal display apparatus. A voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer until display area in the liquid crystal layer is transformed to the displayable alignment. After the completion of the transition, a backlight is switched on to shift to a display-driving mode. In order to complete the transition in a short time, voltage pulse under the conditions (such as a frequency and a voltage value) determined in accordance with a temperature of a liquid crystal panel is applied to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods for driving liquid crystal display apparatuses for certainly completing in a short time to performing a transition of liquid crystal molecules to a displayable alignment in liquid crystal display apparatuses such that an initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the displayable alignment, typically an optically compensated bend mode liquid crystal display apparatus. A voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer until display area in the liquid crystal layer is transformed to the displayable alignment. After the completion of the transition, a backlight is switched on to sift to a display-driving mode. In order to complete the transition in a short time, voltage pulse under the conditions (such as a frequency and a voltage value) determined in accordance with a temperature of a liquid crystal panel is applied to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of the present invention is adapted to perform initialization by inputting voltages with different polarities to two pixel electrodes (23á, 23â) adjacent in front and back direction. It is preferable that in the two pixel electrodes (23á, 23â) adjacent in front and back direction, the pixel electrode (23á) located on back side is provided with a first protrusion (232á) at a front side and back direction, the pixel electrode (231â) adjacent in front and back is provided with a second protrusion (23â) located on front side is provided with a second a second protrusion (234â) on a back side edge (233â)thereof.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes two substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates and performs display by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal layer from a splay orientation to a bend orientation. Application of a voltage of less than a threshold voltage to the liquid crystal layer allows the liquid crystal layer to have a region where liquid crystal molecules parallel to the substrates predominantly lie on one substrate side and a region where those liquid crystal molecules predominantly lie on the other substrate side, and the two regions are present in substantially equal proportions. In a similar liquid crystal display, the absolute value of a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of one substrate differs from the absolute value of a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the other substrate, and at least one of the substrates is provided with a bend transition nucleus induction means.

Abstract: The curing, by UV-light irradiation, of a sealing resin after injecting liquid crystal is made reliable. The display characteristics and the like of an in-plane electric field mode liquid crystal element are improved. To resolve these problems, the viscosity of the sealing resin is lowered, while bubbles mixed in the sealing resin are eliminated by ultrasonic waves, for example. Also, a means for eliminating ions and charges in the liquid crystal layer is devised.

Abstract: An OCB mode liquid crystal display in which liquid crystal molecules are bend-aligned, wherein a uniaxial phase plate having a positive optical anisotropy is so disposed that the major axis is not perpendicular to the direction of orthogonal projection of the liquid crystal molecules onto the substrate and preferably generally parallel to the direction of the polarization axis of a polarizer, thereby achieving a high contrast in a very wide viewing angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes two substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates and performs display by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal layer from a splay orientation to a bend orientation. Application of a voltage of less than a threshold voltage to the liquid crystal layer allows the liquid crystal layer to have a region where liquid crystal molecules parallel to the substrates predominantly lie on one substrate side and a region where those liquid crystal molecules predominantly lie on the other substrate side, and the two regions are present in substantially equal proportions. In a similar liquid crystal display, the absolute value of a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of one substrate differs from the absolute value of a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the other substrate, and at least one of the substrates is provided with a bend transition nucleus induction means.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of the present invention is adapted to perform initialization by inputting voltages with different polarities to two pixel electrodes (23á, 23â) adjacent in front and back direction. It is preferable that in the two pixel electrodes (23á, 23â) adjacent in front and back direction, the pixel electrode (23á) located on back side is provided with a first protrusion (232á) at a front side edge (231á) thereof and in the two pixel electrodes adjacent in front and back direction, the pixel electrode (23â) located on front side is provided with a second protrusion (234â) on a back side edge (233â) thereof.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods for driving liquid crystal display apparatuses for certainly completing in a short time to performing a transition of liquid crystal molecules to a displayable alignment in liquid crystal display apparatuses such that an initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the displayable alignment, typically an optically compensated bend mode liquid crystal display apparatus. A voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer until display area in the liquid crystal layer is transformed to the displayable alignment. After the completion of the transition, a backlight is switched on to sift to a display-driving mode. In order to complete the transition in a short time, voltage pulse under the conditions (such as a frequency and a voltage value) determined in accordance with a temperature of a liquid crystal panel is applied to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display element comprising at least one substrate and a liquid crystal layer, a different orientation direction area of an orientation direction locally different from an orientation direction of the other area is present.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods for driving liquid crystal display apparatuses for certainly completing in a short time to performing a transition of liquid crystal molecules to a displayable alignment in liquid crystal display apparatuses such that an initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the displayable alignment, typically an optically compensated bend mode liquid crystal display apparatus. A voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer until display area in the liquid crystal layer is transformed to the displayable alignment. After the completion of the transition, a backlight is switched on to shift to a display-driving mode. In order to complete the transition in a short time, voltage pulse under the conditions (such as a frequency and a voltage value) determined in accordance with a temperature of a liquid crystal panel is applied to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods for driving liquid crystal display apparatuses for certainly completing in a short time to performing a transition of liquid crystal molecules to a displayable alignment in liquid crystal display apparatuses such that an initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the displayable alignment, typically an optically compensated bend mode liquid crystal display apparatus. A voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer until display area in the liquid crystal layer is transformed to the displayable alignment. After the completion of the transition, a backlight is switched on to shift to a display-driving mode. In order to complete the transition in a short time, voltage pulse under the conditions (such as a frequency and a voltage value) determined in accordance with a temperature of a liquid crystal panel is applied to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An active matrix type of twisted nematic liquid crystal display is provided with a lower alignment layer rubbed in rubbing directions RD3, RD4 opposite to each other, an upper alignment layer rubbed in rubbing directions RD5, RD6 opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer arranged between the lower and upper alignment layers and filled with liquid crystal molecules set in a nematic liquid crystal phase, a pixel electrode and a common electrode for inducing a vertical electric field in the liquid crystal layer, and a source line and gate line driving a switching device for applying an electric potential to the pixel electrode. The rubbing direction on the substrate with the switching device is at an angle of 1.degree.-44.degree. to either the source or gate line. In this case, major axes of a group of liquid crystal molecules arranged above the pixel electrode are twisted in a clockwise direction, and major axes of other group of liquid crystal molecules are twisted in a counterclockwise direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal device is made up of first and second substrates, a first alignment layer formed on a surface of the first substrate so as to have a first pre-tilt angle, a second alignment layer formed on a surface of the second substrate so as to have a second pre-tilt angle which is smaller than the first pre-tilt angle, a third alignment layer formed on the surface of the second substrate so as to have a third pre-tilt angle which is greater than the first pre-tilt angle, and nematic liquid crystal material filled in a space between the first and second substrates.