Abstract: Disclosed is a packing structure of a developer container, including a developer container that contains a developer and is formed with a supply port for supply of the developer, a transport member that is provided in the developer container and transports the developer to the supply port while stirring the developer, a packing member that packs the developer container from an end portion of the transport member in an axial direction thereof to a central portion of the transport member in the axial direction, and a unit that moves the transport member by an operation of detaching the packing member from the developer container.

Abstract: An image reading device includes: a supplying tray on which a document is placed; a document conveyer that successively conveys the document placed on the supplying tray toward a reading position; a plurality of detection sensors that are disposed in a plurality of positions in a width direction intersecting a conveyance direction of the document, and detect a front edge of the document in the conveyance direction when the document is placed on the supplying tray; and a document reading portion that reads an image on the document passing the reading position, and generates an image signal.

Abstract: An image reading device includes: a transport path; a reading member that reads an image of a document at a reading position on the transport path, and that includes a light source movable with respect to the reading position in a sub scanning direction which extends along a document transport direction and being capable of reading at positions in the vertical scanning direction; a reflecting member that has a reflecting surface that faces the reading member; a movement controller that controls the reading member so as to move the light source with respect to the reading position before the document is transported to the reading position when the reading member reads the image; a dust determination unit that determines presence of dust; and an announcement member that announces presence of dust to a user when dust is present.

Abstract: A tape sticking apparatus for sticking a masking tape for protecting a peripheral portion of a substrate, such as a wafer, is disclosed. The tape sticking apparatus includes: a substrate holder configured to hold and rotate a substrate; and a tape sticking unit configured to stick a masking tape onto a peripheral portion of the substrate held on the substrate holder.

Abstract: An image reading device includes: a supplying tray on which a document is placed; a document conveyer that successively conveys the document placed on the supplying tray toward a reading position; a plurality of detection sensors that are disposed in a plurality of positions in a width direction intersecting a conveyance direction of the document, and detect a front edge of the document in the conveyance direction when the document is placed on the supplying tray; and a document reading portion that reads an image on the document passing the reading position, and generates an image signal.

Abstract: A document reading device includes: a reading position at which information on a document is read; a light source that radiates light toward the document passing through the reading position; a light receiving section that receives reflected light generated from the light from the light source; and a background reflection section disposed to reflect the light from the light source so as to be received by the light receiving section through the reading position. When the document is not present, the background reflection section reflects an amount of light that is greater than an amount of document-reflected light reflected by the document which is white. The background reflection section is formed by processing a specular surface so as to reflect an amount of light that is less than an amount of specularly reflected light reflected by a specular surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a substrate processing apparatus which is capable of detecting whether a substrate, such as a wafer, supported by a fluid is properly present in a predetermined processing position or not. The substrate processing apparatus includes at least one distance sensor configured to measure a distance between a scrubber and a hydrostatic support structure; and a processing controller configured to calculate a gap between the hydrostatic support structure and the surface of the substrate from a measured value of the distance and determine whether the gap falls within a predetermined range or not.

Abstract: A document reading device includes: a reading position at which information on a document is read; a light source that radiates light toward the document passing through the reading position; a light receiving section that receives reflected light generated from the light from the light source; and a background reflection section disposed to reflect the light from the light source so as to be received by the light receiving section through the reading position. When the document is not present, the background reflection section reflects an amount of light that is greater than an amount of document-reflected light reflected by the document which is white. The background reflection section is formed by processing a specular surface so as to reflect an amount of light that is less than an amount of specularly reflected light reflected by a specular surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a substrate processing apparatus which is capable of detecting whether a substrate, such as a wafer, supported by a fluid is properly present in a predetermined processing position or not. The substrate processing apparatus includes at least one distance sensor configured to measure a distance between a scrubber and a hydrostatic support structure; and a processing controller configured to calculate a gap between the hydrostatic support structure and the surface of the substrate from a measured value of the distance and determine whether the gap falls within a predetermined range or not.

Abstract: A developing device includes: a first developing body that develops a developing agent image on a development surface using a developing agent; a second developing body that develops a developing agent image on the development surface using the developing agent; and a sealing member that is disposed between a region where a first delivery pole and a second delivery pole are opposed to each other and the development surface, and adjacently to the first developing body and the second developing body at distances so small that developing agents formed as magnetic brushes on a first conveyance pole and a second conveyance pole respectively can touch the sealing member to secure sealing to prevent the developing agent from leaking to the outside of a device body.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packing structure of a developer container, including a developer container that contains a developer and is formed with a supply port for supply of the developer, a transport member that is provided in the developer container and transports the developer to the supply port while stirring the developer, a packing member that packs the developer container from an end portion of the transport member in an axial direction thereof to a central portion of the transport member in the axial direction, and a unit that moves the transport member by an operation of detaching the packing member from the developer container.

Abstract: A developing device includes a housing accommodating a developer containing a toner and a magnetic carrier; first and second developing members facing an image bearing member and having substantially-cylindrical first and second rotatable sleeves and first and second magnet rollers supported therein and having magnetic poles; a supply member supplying the developer onto the first sleeve; a layer regulating member facing the first sleeve and regulating a layer of the developer; and an electrode member facing the second sleeve with a distance therebetween and disposed upstream, in the second-sleeve rotational direction, of where the second sleeve receives the developer from the first sleeve and downstream of where the second developing member faces the image bearing member. An electric field removing the toner from the second sleeve or causing the toner on the carrier to adhere onto the second sleeve is generated between the electrode member and the second sleeve.

Abstract: A developing device includes : a first developing body that develops a developing agent image on a development surface using a developing agent; a second developing body that develops a developing agent image on the development surface using the developing agent; and a sealing member that is disposed between a region where a first delivery pole and a second delivery pole are opposed to each other and the development surface, and adjacently to the first developing body and the second developing body at distances so small that developing agents formed as magnetic brushes on a first conveyance pole and a second conveyance pole respectively can touch the sealing member to secure sealing to prevent the developing agent from leaking to the outside of a device body.

Abstract: An optical fiber has a first mode field diameter in a dominant mode of an acoustic mode generated in the optical fiber different from a second mode field diameter in a light intensity distribution of the optical fiber. Furthermore, a transmission system is configured to perform an analog signal transmission, a baseband transmission, or an optical SCM transmission by use of the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical fiber has a first mode field diameter in a dominant mode of an acoustic mode generated in the optical fiber different from a second mode field diameter in a light intensity distribution of the optical fiber. Furthermore, a transmission system is configured to perform an analog signal transmission, a baseband transmission, or an optical SCM transmission by use of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A multi-tube burner is provided which includes a cylindrical outermost nozzle and at least one cylindrical inner nozzle provided coaxially with the outermost nozzle to form annular jet openings for gases used to manufacture a glass preform. The angle between a center axis of an outer circumference of the outermost nozzle and a distal end portion of each of the inner nozzles is 90°± not more than 3°. Furthermore, the distance between the center axis of the outer circumference of the outermost nozzle and each of center axes of inner circumferences and outer circumferences of the inner nozzles is not more than 0.20 mm.

Abstract: An optical fiber and an optical fiber preform having optical characteristics, such as the wavelength dispersion, close to design values by controlling the amount of change in the refractive index in the core, thereby realizing high-quality and high-speed transmission, and manufacturing methods therefor. The optical fiber or the optical fiber preform is manufactured in a manner such that at each position in the area in which the relative refractive index of the core with respect to the cladding is 80% or higher of the maximum value of the relative refractive index, the absolute value of the rate of change of the relative refractive index with respect to the position along the diameter of the cladding is 0.5 or less, where the position along the diameter of the cladding is defined by percentage with respect to the diameter.

Abstract: A multi-tube burner is provided which includes a cylindrical outermost nozzle and at least one cylindrical inner nozzle provided coaxially with the outermost nozzle to form annular jet openings for gases used to manufacture a glass preform. The angle between a center axis of an outer circumference of the outermost nozzle and a distal end portion of each of the inner nozzles is 90°± not more than 3°. Furthermore, the distance between the center axis of the outer circumference of the outermost nozzle and each of center axes of inner circumferences and outer circumferences of the inner nozzles is not more than 0.20 mm.

Abstract: An optical fiber and an optical fiber preform having optical characteristics, such as the wavelength dispersion, close to design values by controlling the amount of change in the refractive index in the core, thereby realizing high-quality and high-speed transmission, and manufacturing methods therefor. The optical fiber or the optical fiber preform is manufactured in a manner such that at each position in the area in which the relative refractive index of the core with respect to the cladding is 80% or higher of the maximum value of the relative refractive index, the absolute value of the rate of change of the relative refractive index with respect to the position along the diameter of the cladding is 0.5 or less, where the position along the diameter of the cladding is defined by percentage with respect to the diameter.