Abstract: A method for reducing the volume of a raw material liquid, the raw material liquid containing at least a valuable and a first solvent, wherein the raw material liquid further contains an accessory component other than the valuable and the first solvent, or contains a mixed solvent including the first solvent and a second solvent as a solvent, and the method for reducing the volume of the raw material liquid is performed by combining a first process in which the first solvent is removed from the raw material liquid and a second process in which the concentration of the second solvent or the accessory component is adjusted from the raw material liquid using a dialysis method with a dialysis membrane.

Abstract: Provided is a porous molding which is capable of removing ions in water to be treated, in particular, phosphorus ions at a very high liquid-permeation rate of at least SV 120 hr?1, and which has a large adsorption capacity. The porous molding according to the present invention comprises an organic polymer resin and an inorganic ion adsorbent, and is characterized in that a total volume of pores having a pore diameter of 1-80 nm as measured by a nitrogen adsorption method is 0.05-0.7 cm3/g per unit mass of the inorganic ion adsorbent.

Abstract: This forward-osmosis composite hollow fiber membrane module has hollow fiber bundles, wherein: the hollow fibers are each such that a separation active layer of a high-molecular polymer thin film is provided on the inner surface of a macroporous hollow fiber support film formed from a high-molecular polymer including polyketone; the film surface area of the hollow fiber bundles is 100 cm2 or greater; and the coefficient of variation of the average thickness of the separation active layer in the radial and thickness directions of the hollow fiber bundle is 0-60%, said coefficient being calculated through a method for measuring the mass of the separation active layer portion in a scanning electron microscope image in which a thickness-direction cross section of the separation active layer is imaged.

Abstract: Provided is a porous molding which is capable of removing ions in water to be treated, in particular, phosphorus ions at a very high liquid-permeation rate of at least SV 120 hr?1, and which has a large adsorption capacity. The porous molding according to the present invention comprises an organic polymer resin and an inorganic ion adsorbent, and is characterized in that a total volume of pores having a pore diameter of 1-80 nm as measured by a nitrogen adsorption method is 0.05-0.7 cm3/g per unit mass of the inorganic ion adsorbent.

Abstract: During inline cleaning when filtering operation is suspended, a venting step is carried out in which the piping interior of a header piping system is vented above the water surface, and the venting step is followed by a pressurized cleaning step wherein chemical solution is supplied to the header piping system while removing gas from the piping interior, with continued supply of chemical solution to the header piping system even after the piping interior has been sealed and the gas removal has been suspended, for pressurized cleaning of the membrane units. As a result, the supplied chemical solution spreads smoothly throughout the piping interior of the header piping system so that it is equally supplied to each membrane unit or hollow fiber membrane module.

Abstract: A filtration method for filtering raw water to obtain permeate by performing a filtration operation using pressure as a driving force for membrane modules, wherein the filtration operation is performed in three modes: raw water side pressure filtration, permeate side negative pressure filtration, and composite filtration combining the raw water side pressure filtration and the permeate side negative pressure filtration, any one of raw water side water quality, membrane filtration flux and transmembrane pressure is measured, and any one of the three filtration modes is switched to another in response to a measured value thereof.