Abstract: Nodes in a wireless network participate in either point-to-multipoint (PMP) or MANET/mesh communications with other nodes on one or more shared channels of the network. A first or base station node transmits a downlink signal having a time frame structure of determined duration to a number of second or subscriber nodes. Portions of the frame structure establish (i) first time periods during which messages are transmitted from the first node to the second nodes, and (ii) second time periods during which messages are transmitted from the second nodes to the first node, using the PMP protocol on one or more shared channels or subchannels of the network. Other portions of the time frame structure establish third time periods during which nodes communicate with one another using the MANET/mesh protocol on the shared channels or subchannels, while avoiding interference with messages transmitted under the PMP protocol.

Abstract: Wireless medium access in a communication network having a number of terminals is controlled by defining protocol message units for transmission by a given terminal which units correspond to operational states of at least one of the terminal and the medium. A number of time slots are allocated for transmission of packets from each terminal, and a number of contention opportunities are defined at the beginning of each time slot. Priority and backoff mechanisms are defined and applied at each terminal during the contention opportunities in the slots. Packets are then transmitted by the terminal within the slots while (1) minimizing the occurrence of empty slots at times when packets are available for transmission, and (2) minimizing the number of slots during which two or more packets are detected on the medium simultaneously at the terminal.

Abstract: A process and system for enhancing connectivity among nodes of a wireless communications network by adapting to changes in the network topology. Nodes of the network are configured to operate according to either (i) an ad hoc protocol wherein a given node assumes a role of a mesh node capable of connecting with other like-configured nodes, or (ii) a point-to-multipoint protocol wherein the given node assumes a role of either a base station, or a subscriber station being served by another node which is assuming the role of a base station. A determination is made as to whether each node should operate according to the ad hoc protocol or the point-to-multipoint protocol, in order to maintain an optimum state of connectivity among all nodes of the network. The determined operating protocol is then implemented for each node.

Abstract: Nodes in a wireless network participate in either point-to-multipoint (PMP) or MANET/mesh communications with other nodes on one or more shared channels of the network. A first or base station node transmits a downlink signal having a time frame structure of determined duration to a number of second or subscriber nodes. Portions of the frame structure establish (i) first time periods during which messages are transmitted from the first node to the second nodes, and (ii) second time periods during which messages are transmitted from the second nodes to the first node, using the PMP protocol on one or more shared channels or subchannels of the network. Other portions of the time frame structure establish third time periods during which nodes communicate with one another using the MANET/mesh protocol on the shared channels or subchannels, while avoiding interference with messages transmitted under the PMP protocol.

Abstract: Member nodes of a wireless point-to-multipoint (PMP) network may participate in mobile ad hoc (MANET) or mesh communications with other nodes on the same channels used by the network for PMP communications. A PMP network base station node transmits a downlink signal defining a downlink map for scheduling first time periods for transmitting messages to subscriber station nodes, and an uplink map for scheduling second time periods allowing a subscriber station node to transmit messages to the base station node in a scheduled second time period. A MANET/mesh zone is allocated in either or both the downlink and the uplink maps, each zone operating to reserve one or more time slots and channels in which the base station and other nodes may communicate using a MANET/mesh protocol, thus avoiding interference with communications that are being conducted between the base and the subscriber station nodes under the PMP protocol.

Abstract: Wireless medium access in a communication network having a number of terminals is controlled by defining protocol message units for transmission by a given terminal which units correspond to operational states of at least one of the terminal and the medium. A number of time slots are allocated for transmission of packets from each terminal, and a number of contention opportunities are defined at the beginning of each time slot. Priority and backoff mechanisms are defined and applied at each terminal during the contention opportunities in the slots. Packets are then transmitted by the terminal within the slots while (1) minimizing the occurrence of empty slots at times when packets are available for transmission, and (2) minimizing the number of slots during which two or more packets are detected on the medium simultaneously at the terminal.

Abstract: Member nodes of a wireless point-to-multipoint (PMP) network may participate in mobile ad hoc (MANET) or mesh communications with other nodes on the same channels used by the network for PMP communications. A PMP network base station node transmits a downlink signal defining a downlink map for scheduling first time periods for transmitting messages to subscriber station nodes, and an uplink map for scheduling second time periods allowing a subscriber station node to transmit messages to the base station node in a scheduled second time period. A MANET/mesh zone is allocated in either or both the downlink and the uplink maps, each zone operating to reserve one or more time slots and channels in which the base station and other nodes may communicate using a MANET/mesh protocol, thus avoiding interference with communications that are being conducted between the base and the subscriber station nodes under the PMP protocol.

Abstract: A process and system for enhancing connectivity among nodes of a wireless communications network by adapting to changes in the network topology. Nodes of the network are configured to operate according to either (i) an ad hoc protocol wherein a given node assumes a role of a mesh node capable of connecting with other like-configured nodes, or (ii) a point-to-multipoint protocol wherein the given node assumes a role of a either base station, or a subscriber station being served by another node which is assuming the role of a base station. A determination is made as to whether each node should operate according to the ad hoc protocol or the point-to-multipoint protocol, in order to maintain an optimum state of connectivity among all nodes of the network. The determined operating protocol is then implemented for each node.

Abstract: A method for applying a differentiated Quality of Service (QoS) to a payload using a profile indicator that can identify or be used to identify portions of the payload having different QoS requirements. The profile indicator may be one or more length indicators for indicating the lengths of each portion of the payload, or it may be an index to a table which indicates the lengths of each portion of the payload. The table can be used to map the profile indicator to a number of portions in the packet, the lengths of each portion and a QoS requirement for each portion.

Abstract: The disclosed techniques provide for eliminating real-time transport protocol, RTP, sequence number information and/or user data protocol, UDP, checksum information from the header of a packet for transmission.

Abstract: The disclosed techniques provide for eliminating real-time transport protocol, RTP, extension bit X, marker bit M, time stamp and sequence number information and/or user data protocol, UDP, checksum information from the header of a packet for transmission.

Abstract: A method and system for providing Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) in a wireless communications system using a Packet Data Conversion Protocol (PDCP) with enhanced functionality that allows sub-packets to be processed for transmission over different Radio Bearers (RB) with unequal or different levels of error protection and/or error detection based on perceptual importance of the bits in the sub-packets. The enhanced PDCP being operable to partition a packet into a plurality of sub-packets such that different levels of error protection and/or error detection may be applied to the packet. An overall gain in system capacity can be expected due to transmit power savings provided via unequal error detection and error protection.

Abstract: A hair removing composition for use on carcasses, skins, hides, and pelts, containing preselected proportions of alkali, buffering agents, surface active agents, foaming agents, and stabilizers in combination with preselected thioglycolates.

Abstract: A composition for removing hair from full hair whole carcasses, skins, hides and pelts comprising:______________________________________ Approx. Wt. (%) ______________________________________ Water 78.00-94.00 Sodium Hydroxide 2.00-6.00 Sodium Gluconate 0.10-0.50 Trisodium Phosphate 1.00-3.00 Triethanolamine Lauryl Sulfate 0.50-2.00 Cocodiethanolamide 0.05-0.10 Sodium Metasilicate 0.50-0.20 Sodium Thioglycolate 0.45-5.00 Triethonolamine Dodecyl Benzene 0.50-1.50 Sulfonate Calcium Hydroxide 1.00-4.