Abstract: Methods are disclosed for stabilizing a heavy metal in a heavy metal bearing paint residue to reduce leaching of the heavy metal from a waste subject to natural or induced leaching conditions by addition of environmentally safe, worker safe, and multi-media compatible stabilizing agent comprising beef bone meal. Beef bone meal is added to the blast media, and provides effective reduction of heavy metal content in waste leachate and effectively removes paint residue without causing visible embedding on the substrate surface, which meets the SSPC SP10 criteria for surface preparation prior to painting. The methods described herein may be used outside of or within an OSHA containment building or collection device. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for stabilizing a heavy metal in a heavy metal bearing paint residue to reduce leaching of the heavy metal from a waste subject to natural or induced leaching conditions by addition of environmentally safe, worker safe, and multi-media compatible stabilizing agent comprising beef bone meal. Beef bone meal is added to the blast media, and provides effective reduction of heavy metal content in waste leachate and effectively removes paint residue without causing visible embedding on the substrate surface, which meets the SSPC SP10 criteria for surface preparation prior to painting. The methods described herein may be used outside of or within an OSHA containment building or collection device. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: The invention provides an optimal method for stabilization of heavy metal bearing paint residue subject to acid and water leaching tests or leach conditions by addition of environment safe, worker safe, multi-media compatible, non-separating, non-embedding, stabilizing agent and optional complexing agent(s) to the blast media, thus allowing for pre-blending of stabilizer and blast media and field production of a uniform and steady state stabilizer within media for stabilization outside or within an OSHA containment building or collection device, such that leaching of heavy metals such as lead are inhibited to desired levels. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: The invention provides an optimal method for stabilization of heavy metal bearing paint residue subject to acid and water leaching tests or leach conditions by addition of environment safe, worker safe, multi-media compatible, non-separating, non-embedding, stabilizing agent and optional complexing agent(s) to the blast media, thus allowing for pre-blending of stabilizer and blast media and field production of a uniform and steady state stabilizer within media for stabilization outside or within an OSHA containment building or collection device, such that leaching of heavy metals such as lead are inhibited to desired levels. The resultant stabilized paint residue and spent blast media mixture is suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse, or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for the treatment of wastes and materials by addition of Amber Phosphoric Acid to reduce the PCB content and/or TCLP Pb content, thus allowing treated materials or waste to be classified as non-Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) waste and/or non-hazardous RCRA solid waste, or otherwise allowed to be reused or land filled at a cost lower than without such treatment.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for stabilization and treatment of heavy metal bearing materials and wastes subject to acid leaching tests or leach conditions and odor limits by addition of acid semi-soluble pulverized or fine particle DiCalcium Phosphate DiHydrate such that the leaching potential is inhibited to desired levels and odors are reduced to desired levels and the material or waste is free flowing, more permeable, less weight and permits immediate handling and disposal or reuse. The resultant material or waste after stabilization is deemed suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for stabilization and treatment of heavy metal bearing materials and wastes subject to acid leaching tests or leach conditions and odor limits by addition of acid semi-soluble pulverized or fine particle DiCalcium Phosphate DiHydrate such that the leaching potential is inhibited to desired levels and odors are reduced to desired levels and the material or waste is free flowing, more permeable, less weight and permits immediate handling and disposal or reuse. The resultant material or waste after stabilization is deemed suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for stabilization and complexing of lead bearing material surfaces subject to acid and water leaching tests or leach conditions by addition of stabilizing and complexing agents such that leaching and mobility potential is inhibited to desired levels. The resultant material or waste after stabilization is deemed suitable for on-site reuse, off-site reuse or disposal as RCRA non-hazardous waste, and has reduced Pb bioavailability and reduced groundwater solubility.

Abstract: Objects painted with heavy metal based paint, particularly lead based paint, and chromated copper arsenate-treated wood represent point sources of heavy metals. Humans can be exposed to the heavy metals either through direct contact with a surface containing heavy metal or by contacting heavy metals that leached from a surface, potentially leading to toxic or carcinogenic effects. The present invention provides methods of reducing the solubility of heavy metals, so as to reduce their leaching and bioavailability. The methods typically involve applying a stabilizing agent comprising phosphate, silicate, chloride, sulfate, a base (e.g., lime), a source of iron ions (e.g., ferric chloride, ferric sulfate) or a combination thereof to a surface.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for reducing the leaching of heavy metal from heavy metal the surface of a heavy metal bearing material or waste. The method includes contacting the heavy metal bearing material or waste with a wet process phosphoric acid, optional complexing source and optional surfactant.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for reducing the leaching of lead from lead projectile surface. The method includes contacting the lead projectile surface with a lead stabilizing agent or a lead stabilizing agent in the presence of a lead mineral complexing agent. The lead stabilizing agents provides a means to stabilize lead on the bullet/shot surface and thus reduce lead leaching and contact to the environment. This method eliminates the need to remove or re-treat range soils and greatly reduces the environmental and health risks associated with the use of lead as projectiles in the open environment as well as at control trap ranges.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for reducing the leaching of lead from lead projectile impact area acting to collect or stop such projectiles. The method includes contacting the lead projectile impact area with a seed of dry granular lead stabilizing agents. The seeding or coating of lead stabilizing agents provides a means to stabilize lead in the bullet/shot impact area while also allowing for future lead bullets, fragments, or lead shot fired into the soil to be stabilized upon contact with the lead stabilizing agent seeds or contact with rainwater leaching through the lead stabilizing agent seeds produced from the projectile coating, or excess seed from the lead shell projectiles. This method eliminates the need to remove or re-treat range soils and greatly reduces the environmental and health risks associated with the use of lead as projectiles in the open environment as well as at control trap ranges.

Abstract: Heavy metal bearing materials during production, processing and/or handling, and/or in landfills, storage or retention areas are stabilized prior to the generation of management as a waste by applying heavy metal stabilizing agents into the product stream thus avoiding complex and costly processing, permitting and treatment of waste under hazardous waste regulations.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the leaching of lead from a lead bearing material or waste. The method includes contacting the material or waste with a water soluble phosphate and a complexing agent, wherein the complexing agent is at least slightly water soluble, whereby a lead product is formed which is less soluble than the lead originally in the material or waste, thereby reducing the leaching of lead from the material or waste as determined by a leach test performed on the material or waste.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the leaching of lead from a lead bearing material or waste. The method includes contacting the material or waste with a water soluble phosphate and a complexing agent, wherein the complexing agent is at least slightly water soluble, whereby a lead product is formed which is less soluble than the lead originally in the material or waste, thereby reducing the leaching of lead from the material or waste as determined by a leach test performed on the material or waste.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the leaching of lead from a lead bearing waste, The method includes contacting the waste with a water soluble phosphate and a complexing agent, wherein the complexing agent is at least slightly water soluble, whereby a lead product is formed which is less soluble than the lead originally in the waste, thereby reducing the leaching of lead from the waste as determined by a leach test performed on the waste.

Abstract: Solid residues arising from the reclamation of metal from, for example, insulated wires and automobiles, have lead (Pb) sufficiently insolubilized to pass the EPA toxicity test. Addition of water soluble phosphate, especially phosphoric acid, increases the immobilization of lead (Pb) so as to make such residues in compliance with the toxicity tests over a substantially broader pH range, particularly with respect to the more stringent TCLP extraction test.

Abstract: Bottom ash arising from solid waste combustion has lead (Pb) sufficient quantity to sometimes fail the EPA TCLP test. Addition of water-soluble phosphate, especially phosphoric acid, increases the immobilization of lead (Pb) so as to make such residues in compliance with the toxicity tests over a substantially broader pH range, particularly with respect to the more stringent TCLP extraction test. The bottom ash may be wet or dry when contracted with the water-soluble phosphate. The contacting is preferably preformed in an enclosed environment to avoid bottom ash contact with or exposure to the ambient atmospheres prior to treatment.

Abstract: Waste ash is controlled and adjusted in its water content to result in a compacted permeability of about 10.sup.-5 cm/s or less. With particle size distribution adjustments, the compacted permeability can be made even lower. The impermeable structure is useful as a cover or cap for existing landfills to prevent leaching as a liner in new sites. Processing the ash can result in a volumetric decrease of more than 40% thereby extending the useful life of new or existing landfills.

Abstract: The ski case is a slim depth rectangular container designed to store, transport, and act as an overall ski equipment handling device. The case has two relatively asymmetrical major components--the top being the closure component of a ski equipment storage device as well as a sled to enable the transport of skis, boots, poles, and other miscellaneous ski-related material from the vehicle parking lot to the base lodge or elsewhere without the inconvenience and difficulty associated with carrying such items on one's person. The lower half of the case acts as the support and pivot for the top half as well as the mechanism for carrying the ski case on a motor vehicle roof or trunk. The lower half has a quick disconnect male-female dovetail system for easy and rapid removal from the auto roof top. The two components are lined with a velcro attached foam rubber which acts as the frictional support and restraint of the ski case contents.