Abstract: A linear metamaterial comprises a transmission line, having a linear dimension, and is loaded with capacitors, and shunted with an inductor such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than the linear dimension and traveling along the axis of the transmission line, the effective permeability and permittivity of the metamaterial are simultaneously negative. Applications for the metameterial are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charge monitor for satellites for monitoring build up of electric charge due to charge particle fluxes impinging on the satellite. In one aspect of the invention the charge monitor includes an electrically conducting housing including at least two compartments with each compartment including a dielectric slab contained therein. An electrically conducting electrode is embedded in each dielectric slab a pre-selected distance below a top surface of the dielectric slab, the housing being mountable on a satellite with the top surface of the dielectric slab facing outwardly into space away from the satellite whereby charged particles emitted from sources external to the satellite penetrate the dielectric slab resulting in charge accumulation in each electrically conducting electrode, each electrically conducting electrode being electrically isolated from all other electrically conducting electrodes in the electrically conducting housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charge monitor for satellites for monitoring build up of electric charge due to charge particle fluxes impinging on the satellite. In one aspect of the invention the charge monitor includes an electrically conducting housing including at least two compartments with each compartment including a dielectric slab contained therein. An electrically conducting electrode is embedded in each dielectric slab a pre-selected distance below a top surface of the dielectric slab, the housing being mountable on a satellite with the top surface of the dielectric slab facing outwardly into space away from the satellite whereby charged particles emitted from sources external to the satellite penetrate the dielectric slab resulting in charge accumulation in each electrically conducting electrode, each electrically conducting electrode being electrically isolated from all other electrically conducting electrodes in the electrically conducting housing.

Abstract: A linear metamaterial comprises a transmission line, having a linear dimension, and is loaded with capacitors, and shunted with an inductor such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than the linear dimension and traveling along the axis of the transmission line, the effective permeability and permittivity of the metamaterial are simultaneously negative. Applications for the metameterial are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and materials for reducing or limiting charge accumulation and the resulting arc discharges in components used in space vehicles such as satellites prone to charge buildup due to exposure to a charge flux. The material is found in the poly(metallocene) family. In each member of this family, a metal atom is an integral part of the polymer chain, the whole structure being held together (and the interactions provided) by chemical bonds rather than by the proximity of the components in a heterogeneous mechanical mixture. In a homogeneous dielectric, the needed conductivity may be radiation-induced or it may be achieved as the result of doping. The components may be coated with, or alternatively fabricated from, a material including the poly(metallocene) as a constituent.