Abstract: A method for treating filler material includes contacting the filler material with a silane which, upon hydrolysis, produces substantially no significant amount of volatile organic compound and/or the hydrolyzate of the silane to provide a treated filler which can then be incorporated into a matrix to provide a composite body.

Abstract: A process for crosslinking polymers employs a silane crosslinker which, upon hydrolysis, produces a reduced quantity of volatile organic compound.

Abstract: Blocked mercaptosilanes are provided in which the blocking group contains an unsaturated heteroatom or carbon chemically bound directly to sulfur via a single bond. This blocking group optionally may be substituted with one or more carboxylate ester or carboxylic acid functional groups. These silanes are used in manufacture of inorganic filled rubbers, with the silanes deblocked by a deblocking agent. Synthesis of the blocked mercaptosilanes is also provided.

Abstract: Silane compositions of the general formula are provided herein comprising [(RO)x(R1)(3-x)—Si-Mt]q-L-[(Ra)cAr—(CR2?CR22)y]z wherein R and R1 are independently a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; R2 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; M optionally is a divalent hydrocarbon connecting group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms to link the silicon atom and the L group; L is a covalently bound hydrocarbon linking group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a heteroatom linking group selected from the group consisting of —O—, —S—, —NR3— wherein R3 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; Ra is an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group; q is an integer of 1 to 4; t and c are each independently 0 or 1; and x, y and z are each independently integers of 1 to 3, inclusive, with the proviso that t is 1 when L is a heteroatom group.

Abstract: Blocked mercaptosilanes are provided in which the blocking group contains an unsaturated heteroatom or carbon chemically bound directly to sulfur via a single bond. This blocking group optionally may be substituted with one or more carboxylate ester or carboxylic acid functional groups. These silanes are used in manufacture of inorganic filled rubbers, with the silanes deblocked by a deblocking agent. Synthesis of the blocked mercaptosilanes is also provided.

Abstract: A method for treating filler material includes contacting the filler material with a silane which, upon hydrolysis, produces substantially no significant amount of volatile organic compound and/or the hydrolyzate of the-silane to provide a treated filler which can then be incorporated into a matrix to provide a composite body.

Abstract: A process for crosslinking polymers employs a silane crosslinker which, upon hydrolysis, produces a reduced quantity of volatile organic compound.

Abstract: A low VOC sizing composition includes a liquid carrier containing a silane which, upon hydrolysis, produces substantially no significant amount of volatile organic compound and/or the silicon-containing hydrolyzate of the silane. The sizing composition can optionally include one or more of film forming agents, anti-static agents, lubricants, surfactants, emulsifying agents, wetting agents, peroxide, starch, oil, plasticizer, wax, acids or bases.

Abstract: A method for measuring the position and direction of movement of an object having a simple alternating pattern of light and dark markings using radiant energy where the object is subject to extraneous interfering radiation. The method includes the steps of Illuminating the alternating pattern of light and dark markings with radiation from two or more emitters where the radiation from each emitter is modulated at the same frequency but differing phase, using the modulation component present in the detected signal to separate it from signals caused by interfering radiation, and then using the amplitude and phase information present in this separated signal to determine the position and direction of movement of the object.

Abstract: Silane compositions of the general formula are provided herein comprising [(RO)x(R1)(3-x)—Si-Mt]q-L-[(Ra)cAr—(CR2?CR22)y]z wherein R and R1 are independently a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; R2 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; M optionally is a divalent hydrocarbon connecting group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms to link the silicon atom and the L group; L is a covalently bound hydrocarbon linking group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or a heteroatom linking group selected from the group consisting of —O—, —S—, —NR3— wherein R3 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; Ra is an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group; q is an integer of 1 to 4; t and c are each independently 0 or 1; and x, y and z are each independently integers of 1 to 3, inclusive, with the proviso that t is 1 when L is a heteroatom group.

Abstract: Blocked mercaptosilanes are provided in which the blocking group contains and unsaturated heteroatom or carbon chemically bound directly to sulfur via a single bond. This blocking group optionally may be substituted with one or more carboxylate ester or carboxylic acid functional groups. These silanes are used in manufacture of inorganic filled rubbers, with the silanes deblocked by a deblocking agent. Synthesis of the blocked mercaptosilanes is also provided.