Abstract: This disclosure describes methods to separate solids from liquids in a production facility. A process separates components in a defiber process stream by using two or more mechanical devices to separate the solids from the liquids based on density differences. The process produces animal feed products having a protein content ranging from approximately 45% to approximately 64%.

Abstract: A marked article includes a substrate including a first surface and a surface material, a raised pad on the first surface, the raised pad including a second surface, and a design on the raised pad. The raised pad is formed on the first surface using a material addition process to prevent mechanical stress from being propagated from the raised pad to the substrate in response to the design being formed on the raised pad.

Abstract: A method for marking an article may comprise forming a raised pad on a substrate of the existing article by applying a material to a surface of the substrate using a material addition process, and forming a design on a surface of the raised pad. The raised pad may be formed on the surface of the substrate to prevent mechanical stress from being propagated from the raised pad to the substrate in response to the design being formed on the raised pad.

Abstract: A satellite system may have a constellation of communications satellites that provides services to users with user devices such as portable electronic devices and home and office equipment. The constellation of satellites may include low-earth orbit satellites or other non-geostationary satellites having coverage areas that move across the surface of the Earth as the satellites orbit the Earth. The system may have gateways that communicate with the user devices as satellites move into and out of range. Computing equipment at a gateway or associated metropolitan point of presence may direct the gateways to handover communications sessions with the user devices from an outgoing satellite to an incoming satellite. Handover operations may involve handovers in prioritized batches, make-before-break handover procedures, and break-before-make handover procedures.

Abstract: A method for improving visual contrast of laser etch markings on painted substrates may comprise applying a laser light to a surface of a painted layer to ablate an ablated portion of the painted layer, applying a contrast layer over the surface of the painted layer to fill the ablated portion with the contrast layer, and removing the contrast layer to leave a contrasting portion within the ablated portion. The method may further comprise forming a floor beneath a surface line of the ablated portion, the floor defining an underlying portion comprised of the painted layer. The method may further comprise applying a protective layer over the contrasting portion.

Abstract: A method for marking an article may comprise forming a raised pad on a substrate of the existing article by applying a material to a surface of the substrate using a material addition process, and forming a design on a surface of the raised pad. The raised pad may be formed on the surface of the substrate to prevent mechanical stress from being propagated from the raised pad to the substrate in response to the design being formed on the raised pad.

Abstract: Studs, nodes, and study assembly systems formed by various methods are disclosed. Various disclosed methods include cold spraying a powder onto a substrate to form a node on the substrate and drilling a hole only into the node. Various disclosed methods include cold spraying a powder onto a substrate to form a node and machining the node to form a stud.

Abstract: Studs, nodes, and study assembly systems formed by various methods are disclosed. Various disclosed methods include cold spraying a powder onto a substrate to form a node on the substrate and drilling a hole only into the node. Various disclosed methods include cold spraying a powder onto a substrate to form a node and machining the node to form a stud.

Abstract: A method of defining policies for controlling access to resources of a system. Authorization requirements for the system are modeled to obtain a model expressing each of a plurality of access control policies as a constraint. From the model is generated a single policy set in an authorization markup language that captures the requirements. This method can be used to define role-based access control policies in a format that can be adapted for input to a variety of access control mechanisms. This generative approach to access control design allows maintenance to be performed at the requirements level.

Abstract: A method of defining policies for controlling access to resources of a system. Authorization requirements for the system are modeled to obtain a model expressing each of a plurality of access control policies as a constraint. From the model is generated a single policy set in an authorization markup language that captures the requirements. This method can be used to define role-based access control policies in a format that can be adapted for input to a variety of access control mechanisms. This generative approach to access control design allows maintenance to be performed at the requirements level.

Abstract: An apparatus to implement role based access control which reduces administrative expenses associated with managing access in accordance with policies and roles. The apparatus includes a memory storing a first role based access control condition associated with an action and a subsystem executing an enforcement entity and a decision entity. In one preferred form, the two entities are independent entities. The enforcement entity receives a request for the action from a requestor with a role. Additionally, the enforcement entity communicates the role and the request to the decision entity for the decision entity's decision of whether the role satisfies the first condition. The decision entity then communicates the decision to the enforcement entity. Accordingly, the enforcement entity allows or denies the requestor the action based on the decision made by the decision entity.

Abstract: In synchronous optical communications network, a communications node (FIG. 1, 10) is in communications with a second communications node (12) and desires to fail all traffic over from a working link (120) to a protection link (130) without requiring coordination with the second communications node (12). In order to bring about the fail over, the first communications node (12) fabricates an alarm which expresses that a failure has occurred at a location external to the first communications node (10). When the second communications node (12) receives the alarm, it changes the state of an indicator which is not intended to influence the behavior of the first communications node (10). Upon reception of the indication that the second communications node (12) is receiving traffic over the protection link only, the first communications node (10) begins transmitting all traffic over the protection link (130).