Abstract: An optical modulator includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer over the substrate, a rib waveguide including a PN junction on the first dielectric, a second dielectric layer over the rib waveguide and a stressor layer including a metal, where the first or the second dielectric is between the stressor layer and the PN junction.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer over the substrate, a rib waveguide including a PN junction on the first dielectric, a second dielectric layer over the rib waveguide and a stressor layer including a metal, where the first or the second dielectric is between the stressor layer and the PN junction.

Abstract: An authentication method, includes: receiving an authentication request from a user, the authentication request including an identity identifier of the user; acquiring authentication data associated with the identity identifier from a blockchain network, a blockchain node of the blockchain network storing a mapping relationship between identity identifiers and authentication data; and performing identity authentication for the user according to the authentication data.

Abstract: Provided is the use of a nanosecond pulsed electric field in improving cell stemness. Specifically, applying a nanosecond pulsed electric field to cells, especially stem cells, can effectively increase the expression level of stemness genes and reduce the methylation level of the cells, improve the stemness of the stem cells, and further facilitate the ability of the stem cells to receive induced differentiation.

Abstract: An authentication method, includes: receiving an authentication request from a user, the authentication request including an identity identifier of the user; acquiring authentication data associated with the identity identifier from a blockchain network, a blockchain node of the blockchain network storing a mapping relationship between identity identifiers and authentication data; and performing identity authentication for the user according to the authentication data.

Abstract: According to some possible implementations, an optical device may include a plurality of photodiodes, wherein alignment of the plurality of photodiodes with a fixed separation to a plurality of multi-mode waveguides disposed on an optical waveguide chip and with the same fixed separation is optimized by alignment of at least one of the plurality of photodiodes to at least one single-mode waveguide and translation of the optical waveguide chip relative to the plurality of photodiodes by a fixed offset of the at least one single-mode waveguide relative to the plurality of multi-mode waveguides.

Abstract: An authentication method, includes: receiving an authentication request from a user, the authentication request including an identity identifier of the user; acquiring authentication data associated with the identity identifier from a blockchain network, a blockchain node of the blockchain network storing a mapping relationship between identity identifiers and authentication data; and performing identity authentication for the user according to the authentication data.

Abstract: According to some possible implementations, an optical device may include a plurality of photodiodes, wherein alignment of the plurality of photodiodes with a fixed separation to a plurality of multi-mode waveguides disposed on an optical waveguide chip and with the same fixed separation is optimized by alignment of at least one of the plurality of photodiodes to at least one single-mode waveguide and translation of the optical waveguide chip relative to the plurality of photodiodes by a fixed offset of the at least one single-mode waveguide relative to the plurality of multi-mode waveguides.

Abstract: An authentication method, includes: receiving an authentication request from a user, the authentication request including an identity identifier of the user; acquiring authentication data associated with the identity identifier from a blockchain network, a blockchain node of the blockchain network storing a mapping relationship between identity identifiers and authentication data; and performing identity authentication for the user according to the authentication data.