Abstract: A process for electrochemically reducing 7-ketolithocholic acid to ursodeoxycholic acid is disclosed. The process may be conducted alone or in conjunction with a simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of chenodeoxycholic acid to 7-ketolithocholic acid. Solvents for the electrochemical reaction which promote stereoselectivity to ursodeoxycholic acid are also disclosed.

Abstract: Derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene, and the use of h compounds to control viral infections, particularly influenza virus, in warm-blooded animals are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions containing an antiviral effective amount of the novel compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are also disclosed.

Abstract: Therapeutic compositions containing a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy f 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acyloxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halo, or nitro, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together form --OCH.sub.2 O--; or the corresponding acylated derivatives wherein there are one or more acyl groups in the hydantoin moiety and each acyl group contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the use of said compounds to control virus infections, in particular those caused by entero and foot and mouth disease viruses of the Picorna group.

Abstract: A process for preparing ampicillin trihydrate is disclosed which comprises acylating silylated 6-aminopenicillanic acid with D(-)-.alpha.-phenylglycylchloride hydrochloride directly in the silylation reaction mixture in the presence of urea as an acid acceptor, hydrolyzing the reaction product and precipitating ampicillin-trihydrate from the resulting aqueous solution. The amounts of reactants, in particular of solvents and water, are adjusted to provide good yields of a product of high purity.

Abstract: Novel acetal and ketal derivatives of ascorbic acid having utility in controlling the formation of undesirable nitrosamines in cooked, nitrite cured meat products are disclosed. Meat treating compositions containing these compounds, methods of treating meats with same and meat products containing same are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel acetal and ketal derivatives of ascorbic acid having utility in controlling the formation of undesirable nitrosamines in cooked, nitrite cured meat products are disclosed. Meat treating compositions containing these compounds, methods of treating meats with same and meat products containing same are also disclosed.

Abstract: Nitroxide derivatives of 1,2-dihydro- and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-alkoxyquinolines are used for reducing or eliminating the formation of undesirable nitrosamines which are generated when nitrite cured meat, such as bacon, is cooked at the temperatures usually attained during frying, grilling or broiling.

Abstract: The formation of nitrosamines in cooked, cured meat products is reduced or eliminated by using certain 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-6-alkoxyquinoline compounds in the curing mixtures or to treat the cured meat.

Abstract: The formation of nitrosamines in cooked, cured meat products is reduced or eliminated by using certain aromatic secondary amines, such as p-alkoxy-N-alkylaminobenzenes, in the curing mixtures or to treat the cured meat.

Abstract: A method of treating a virus infection caused by an enterovirus of the Pina group which comprises administering to a mammal susceptible to or infected with said virus an effective amount of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acyloxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halo, or nitro, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together form -OCH.sub.2 O-; or the corresponding acylated derivatives wherein there are one or more acyl groups in the hydantoin moiety and each acyl group contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of treating foot and mouth virus infections in cattle comprising ministering to an animal susceptible to or infected with said virus an effective amount of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acyloxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halo, or nitro, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together form -OCH.sub.2 O-; or the corresponding acylated derivatives wherein there are one or more acyl groups in the hydantoin moiety and each acyl group contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Amine derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-alkanonaphthalenes, and the use of such compounds to control viral infections, particularly influenza viruses, in warm-blooded animals are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions containing an effective amount of the novel compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are also disclosed.

Abstract: The formation of nitrosamines in cooked, cured meat products is reduced or eliminated by using certain aromatic primary amines, such as p-alkoxyaminobenzenes, in the curing mixtures or to treat the cured meat.

Abstract: Therapeutic compositions containing a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy f 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acyloxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halo, or nitro, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together form --OCH.sub.2 O--; or the corresponding acylated derivatives wherein there are one or more acyl groups in the hydantoin moiety and each acyl group contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the use of said compounds to control virus infections, in particular those caused by viruses of the Picorna group.

Abstract: The formation of nitrosamines in fried, broiled or grilled cured meat products is reduced or eliminated by using organic nitrites, such as n-butyl nitrite, in the curing mixtures in lieu of conventional sodium nitrite and sodium nitrite-sodium nitrate combinations. An ascorbate or isoascorbate is preferably present in the curing mixture.

Abstract: Amine derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-alkanonaphthalenes, and the use of such compounds to control viral infections, particularly influenza viruses, in warm-blooded animals are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions containing an effective amount of the novel compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are also disclosed.