Abstract: An in vitro or ex vivo method of producing a population of lineage committed haematopoietic progenitor or mature haematopoietic cells other than cells of the neutrophil lineage, including the steps of providing a population of haematopoietic progenitor cells; and culturing the haematopoietic progenitor cells in an animal cell culture medium including one or more cytokines that differentiate the haematopoietic progenitor cells into lineage committed haematopoietic progenitor and/or mature haematopoietic cells, under static conditions until the cells are at a cell density at which oxygen transfer via the surface of the culture medium is insufficient for growth of the progenitor cells and progeny thereof under static conditions, and then agitating the culture medium to produce a population of lineage committed haematopoietic progenitor or mature haematopoietic cells other than cells of the neutrophil lineage.

Abstract: Methods for producing hyaluronic acid are described, including altering the activity in Streptococcus cells of one or more enzymes and/or altering the amount of available substrates or substrate precursors.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the use of plants as bioreactors for the production of molecules having useful properties such as inter alia polymers, metabolites, proteins, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. More particularly, the present invention contemplates the use of grasses, and even more particularly C4 grasses, such as sugarcane, for the production of a range of compounds such as, for example, polyhydroxyalkanoates, pHBA, vanillin, indigo, adipic acid, 2-phenylethanol, 1,3-propanediol, sorbitol, fructan polymers and lactic acid as well as other products including, inter alia, other plastics, silks, carbohydrates, therapeutic and nutraceutic proteins and antibodies. The present invention further extends to transgenic plants and, in particular, transgenic C4 grass plants, capable of producing the compounds noted above and other products, and to methods for generating such plants.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an in vitro or ex vivo method of producing a population of lineage committed haematopoietic progenitor, or mature haematopoietic cells, other than cells of the neutrophil lineage, which method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a population of cells comprising haematopoietic progenitor cells; and (b) culturing the population of cells in an animal cell culture medium comprising one or more cytokines that differentiate said progenitor cells into lineage committed haematopoietic progenitor and/or mature haematopoietic cells, under conditions of low oxidative stress, the culture medium being agitated when the cells are at a cell density at which oxygen transfer via the surface of the culture medium is insufficient for growth of the progenitor cells and the progeny thereof under static conditions, to produce a population of lineage committed haematopoietic progenitor, or mature haematopoietic cells, other than cells of the neutrophil lineage.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the use of plants as bioreactors for the production of molecules having useful properties such as inter alia polymers, metabolites, proteins, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. More particularly, the present invention contemplates the use of grasses, and even more particularly C4 grasses, such as sugar-cane, for the production of a range of compounds such as, for example, polyhydroxyalkanoates, pHBA, vanillin, indigo, adipic acid, 2-phenylethanol, 1,3-propane-diol, sorbitol, fructan polymers and lactic acid as well as other products including, inter alia, other plastics, silks, carbohydrates, therapeutic and nutraceutic proteins and antibodies. The present invention further extends to transgenic plants and, in particular, transgenic C4 grass plants, capable of producing the compounds noted above and other products, and to methods for generating such plants.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a population of post-mitotic cells of the neutrophil lineage, which method comprises the ex vivo steps of: (a) providing a population of cells comprising neutrophil progenitor cells; and (b) culturing the population of cells in an animal cell culture medium comprising (i) one or more early acting cytokines and (ii) one or more cytokines that differentiate said progenitor cells into a neutrophil specific lineage, under conditions of low oxidative stress, the culture medium being agitated when the cells are at a cell density at which oxygen transfer via the surface of the culture medium is insufficient for growth of the progenitor cells and the progeny thereof under static conditions, to produce a population of post-mitotic cells of the neutrophil lineage. The resulting population of cells can be used to increase the number of neutrophils in a patient.

Abstract: A device for batch dispensing granular material such as instant coffee and comprising a bottom portion (62) adapted for being screwed unto the neck of a container of granular material and a top portion (63) fixedly attached to the bottom portion with a disc portion (61) rotatably arranged therebetween, the bottom portion having a plate portion (64) with an aperture for allowing granular material to flow from said container into a passage (72) in said disc portion (61) when said disc portion (61) is in a first rotational position, and the top portion (63) having a plate portion (65) with an aperture for allowing granular material in said passage (72) to be dispensed to for instance a cup for preparing instant coffee when said disc portion (61) is in a second rotational position.

Abstract: A flushing cistern includes a reservoir with an outlet opening, the opening and closing of which is controlled by a cistern bell. The cistern bell is connected to an activator for lifting the cistern bell when the flushing is initiated. The cistern bell has a cavity and a circumferential seal cooperating with the area about the outlet opening in the reservoir. At least a portion of the cavity in the cistern bell forms a buoyancy-adjusting chamber which is open downwardly inside the seal and communicates upwardly with a control, through an air-escape pipe.