Abstract: A method of emulating echo signals reflected from an elongated target during radar testing includes identifying first and second end points do the target; acquiring a radar signal from a radar sensor that includes multiple receive elements; generating emulated echo signals, responsive to the acquired radar signal, corresponding to target points on the target, including the first and second end points and reference points located on a line connecting the first and second end points, by repeatedly identifying descriptive attributes corresponding to each of the target points during an integration period of the radar sensor, where the descriptive attributes are identified by interpolating between the corresponding descriptive attributes of the first and second end points; and applying the emulated echo signals to the receive elements of the radar sensor, respectively, during the integration period, where radar sensor calculates a relative position of the target using the descriptive attributes.

Abstract: A method of emulating echo signals reflected from an elongated target during radar testing includes identifying first and second end points do the target; acquiring a radar signal from a radar sensor that includes multiple receive elements; generating emulated echo signals, responsive to the acquired radar signal, corresponding to target points on the target, including the first and second end points and reference points located on a line connecting the first and second end points, by repeatedly identifying descriptive attributes corresponding to each of the target points during an integration period of the radar sensor, where the descriptive attributes are identified by interpolating between the corresponding descriptive attributes of the first and second end points; and applying the emulated echo signals to the receive elements of the radar sensor, respectively, during the integration period, where radar sensor calculates a relative position of the target using the descriptive attributes.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus is provided for measuring signals from a device under test (DUT). The measurement apparatus includes a time domain receiver configured to receive from the DUT a time domain signal in a time domain; a logic domain receiver configured to receive from the DUT a logical signal comprising logic levels over time; a frequency domain receiver configured to receive from the DUT a frequency domain signal in a frequency domain through frequency downconversion; and a controller coupled to the logic domain receiver, and configured to determine the logic levels over time of the logical signal and to control at least one parameter of the frequency domain signal in response to the determined logic levels.

Abstract: An oscilloscope includes a time domain input, a logic domain input, and a frequency domain input. The time domain input provides a time domain input signal in a time domain as a first input signal. The logic domain input provides logic level input as a second input signal. The logic level input includes logic levels over time. The frequency domain input provides a third input signal through frequency downconversion.

Abstract: An analog delay line includes a clock generator, an analog sampling circuit, a bank of analog memory cells, a memory controller, an analog readout circuit, and an analog multiplexer. The clock generator is configured to output plural reception clock signals of different frequencies and plural transmission clock signals of different frequencies, the transmission clock signals offset in accumulated phase relative to the reception clock signals. The analog sampling circuit is controlled by at least one of the reception clock signals, and is configured to output a sequence of sampled voltages of an analog input signal. The memory controller is configured to control a write operation at a write frequency of at least one of the reception clock signals and a read operation at a read frequency of at least one of the transmission clock signals.

Abstract: A system for testing vehicular radar is disclosed. The system includes a re-illumination element adapted to receive electromagnetic waves, and to transmit response signals. The re-illumination element includes: a plurality of miniature radar target simulators (MRTS's), each comprising: a receive antenna; a variable gain amplifier (VGA); an in-phase-quadrature (IQ) mixer; a variable attenuator; and a transmit antenna. The MRTS's are disposed in an array comprising rows and columns of the MRTS's, and each MRTS of the array is laterally spaced a distance px and vertically spaced a distance py from an adjacent MRTS. An incremental subtended azimuth angle (??) and an incremental subtended elevation (??) angle are finer than an azimuth resolution specification (?res) and an elevation resolution specification (?res) of a radar device under test (DUT).

Abstract: A method of emulating echo signals reflected from an elongated target during radar testing includes identifying first and second end points do the target; acquiring a radar signal from a radar sensor that includes multiple receive elements; generating emulated echo signals, responsive to the acquired radar signal, corresponding to target points on the target, including the first and second end points and reference points located on a line connecting the first and second end points, by repeatedly identifying descriptive attributes corresponding to each of the target points during an integration period of the radar sensor, where the descriptive attributes are identified by interpolating between the corresponding descriptive attributes of the first and second end points; and applying the emulated echo signals to the receive elements of the radar sensor, respectively, during the integration period, where radar sensor calculates a relative position of the target using the descriptive attributes.

Abstract: An oscilloscope includes a time domain input, a logic domain input, and a frequency domain input. The time domain input provides a time domain input signal in a time domain as a first input signal. The logic domain input provides logic level input as a second input signal. The logic level input includes logic levels over time. The frequency domain input provides a third input signal through frequency downconversion.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, an RF device includes a receiver and an antenna. The antenna is configured to receive a reflected radio-frequency signal containing a set of modulated signal segments. Each modulated signal segment has a unique modulation pattern that indicates a time-variant reflectivity characteristic of a respective signal reflecting tile of a radio-frequency signal reflector. The receiver can include a circuit to process the modulated signal segments and determine a spatial intensity distribution of the radio-frequency signal incident upon the radio-frequency signal reflector. The spatial intensity distribution can be used by the circuit to determine a spatial radiation characteristic of an RF signal that is transmitted by a transmitter in order to produce the reflected radio-frequency signal.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, an RF device includes a receiver and an antenna. The antenna is configured to receive a reflected radio-frequency signal containing a set of modulated signal segments. Each modulated signal segment has a unique modulation pattern that indicates a time-variant reflectivity characteristic of a respective signal reflecting tile of a radio-frequency signal reflector. The receiver can include a circuit to process the modulated signal segments and determine a spatial intensity distribution of the radio-frequency signal incident upon the radio-frequency signal reflector. The spatial intensity distribution can be used by the circuit to determine a spatial radiation characteristic of an RF signal that is transmitted by a transmitter in order to produce the reflected radio-frequency signal.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a reconstructed signal from a plurality of sub-signals is provided. The method includes injecting a calibration signal having multiple tones into a received input signal; dividing the input signal into a first and second sub-signal, including an overlapping frequency band; performing a first frequency translation by converting frequency components of the second sub-signal; digitizing the first sub-signal and the frequency converted second sub-signal; performing a second frequency translation to reverse the first frequency translation to obtain a reconstructed second sub-signal; and quantifying impairments to the digital first sub-signal and reconstructed second sub-signal caused by differences in magnitude and phase of frequency components within the overlapping frequency band.

Abstract: An amplifier system and method that eliminates memory effects due to amplifier sharing. The amplifier has a plurality of input stages. An input to be amplified is applied to one of the input stages of the amplifier, while the other input stages are turned off and reset. The inputs of the unused input stages are thus reset and equalized while the other input stage is turned on to receive the input to be amplified. An explicit reset phase is not needed.

Abstract: The area density of broadcast stations having respective service areas and broadcasting on the same channel is increased without exceeding a specified level of co-channel interference within the service areas by a method in which the field strength of the signal transmitted by the first broadcast station is monitored, and a field strength determining property of the first broadcast station is controlled in response to the monitoring.

Abstract: A method and a system for displaying images are provided. In the method, a pixel is provided that includes a layer of ferroelectric material and a layer of liquid crystal material. A first electric field is momentarily applied to the pixel to electrically polarize the ferroelectric layer to a first polarization. The first polarization is then used to maintain the liquid crystal material in a first orientation corresponding to a first apparent brightness of the pixel.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a reconstructed signal from a plurality of sub-signals is provided. The method includes injecting a calibration signal having multiple tones into a received input signal; dividing the input signal into a first and second sub-signal, including an overlapping frequency band; performing a first frequency translation by converting frequency components of the second sub-signal; digitizing the first sub-signal and the frequency converted second sub-signal; performing a second frequency translation to reverse the first frequency translation to obtain a reconstructed second sub-signal; and quantifying impairments to the digital first sub-signal and reconstructed second sub-signal caused by differences in magnitude and phase of frequency components within the overlapping frequency band.

Abstract: A method and a system for displaying images are provided. In the method, a pixel is provided that includes a layer of ferroelectric material and a layer of liquid crystal material. A first electric field is momentarily applied to the pixel to electrically polarize the ferroelectric layer to a first polarization. The first polarization is then used to maintain the liquid crystal material in a first orientation corresponding to a first apparent brightness of the pixel.

Abstract: A method and a system for displaying images are provided. In the method, a pixel is provided that includes a layer of ferroelectric material and a layer of liquid crystal material. A first electric field is momentarily applied to the pixel to electrically polarize the ferroelectric layer to a first polarization. The first polarization is then used to maintain the liquid crystal material in a first orientation corresponding to a first apparent brightness of the pixel.

Abstract: Display contrast in electro-optical display devices is improved using a drive circuit including pixel drive circuits and a common drive circuit. The pixel drive circuits are connected to pixel electrodes of the display device, and are operable to generate respective pixel drive signals that alternate between a first high voltage and a first low voltage differing in voltage by less than or equal to a process-limited maximum. The common drive circuit is connected to a common electrode of the display device, and is operable to generate a common drive signal alternating between a second high voltage and a second low voltage differing in voltage by more than the process-limited maximum. The common drive signal is asymmetrically bipolar with respect to the first low voltage of the pixel drive signal.

Abstract: The pen input device has both a movement detection system and a position detection system that collectively track the position of the pen input device during a writing operation on a writing surface. The pen input device has a writing tip capable of performing a writing operation in contact with the writing surface. A controller is operable to activate the movement detection system continuously during the writing operation and to activate the position detection system intermittently during the writing operation. The movement detection system is operable to determine movement data that represent changes between successive positions of the writing tip. The position detection system is operable to determine position data that represents a position of the writing tip on the writing surface.

Abstract: The differential drive circuit generates a differential drive signal having a root mean square value defined by a digital input value. The differential drive signal includes a first differential component and a second differential component. The circuit comprises a first differential component generator and a second differential component generator. The first differential component generator is for counting the clock signal to generate successive values of a periodic count. Each of the values includes a most-significant bit. The first differential component generator is additionally for generating the first differential component in response to successive ones of the most-significant bit of the count. The second differential component generator is for generating the second differential component in response to the digital input value and the successive values of the count.