Abstract: A hydrogen separator comprising a porous substrate composed mainly of a ceramic having a large number of pores connecting from one surface of the substrate to other surface, and a hydrogen-separating layer made of a hydrogen permselective metal formed on the porous substrate via an intermediate layer made of an electron-conductive ceramic. The hydrogen separator hardly generates defects such as peeling, cracks or the like in the hydrogen-separating layer and is suitable for use even when the hydrogen separator is exposed to a heat cycle, used under high temperature conditions or/and used for long-term.

Abstract: A hydrogen separator comprising a porous substrate composed mainly of a ceramic having a large number of pores connecting from one surface of the substrate to other surface, and a hydrogen-separating layer made of a hydrogen permselective metal formed on the porous substrate via an intermediate layer made of an electron-conductive ceramic. The hydrogen separator hardly generates defects such as peeling, cracks or the like in the hydrogen-separating layer and is suitable for use even when the hydrogen separator is exposed to a heat cycle, used under high temperature conditions or/and used for long-term.

Abstract: A hydrogen separator is provided, including a porous substrate having a large number of pores communicating from a first surface to a second surface thereof, and having a hydrogen-separating layer disposed on the first surface so that the hydrogen-separating layer has a penetrated portion extending through the pores from the first surface to a particular depth. An average pore diameter at the first surface of the porous substrate is 0.02 to 0.5 ?m, a thickness of the hydrogen-separating layer is 1 to 5 ?m, and a penetration depth of the penetrated portion is 0.05 to 1 ?m, is at least equal to the average pore diameter at the one surface of the porous substrate, and is not larger than one half of the thickness of the hydrogen-separating layer. The hydrogen separator hardly generates defects such as cracks, peeling and the like in the hydrogen-separating layer, is superior in durability, and provides both good hydrogen-separating ability and good hydrogen permeability.

Abstract: Wavelength conversion devices for converting fundamental waves to light of a different wavelength are provided. The devices have a wavelength converting layer comprising a plate-shaped body of a non-linear optical crystal having a first main face and a second main face. A supporting body is joined with the first main face of the wavelength converting layer. An additional supporting body may also be joined with the second main face of the wavelength converting layer.

Abstract: A hydrogen separator comprising a porous substrate having a large number of pores communicating from one surface thereof to other surface, and a hydrogen-separating layer disposed on the one surface of the porous substrate in a state that the hydrogen-separating layer has a penetrated portion formed so as to extend through the pores from the one surface to a particular depth, wherein an average pore diameter at the one surface of the porous substrate is 0.02 to 0.5 ?m, a thickness of the hydrogen-separating layer is 1 to 5 ?m, and a penetration depth of the penetrated portion is 0.05 to 1 ?m, is at least equal to the average pore diameter at the one surface of the porous substrate, and is not larger than the half of the thickness of the hydrogen-separating layer. The hydrogen separator hardly generates defects such as cracks, peeling and the like in the hydrogen-separating layer, is superior in durability, and satisfies both of good hydrogen-separating ability and good hydrogen permeability.

Abstract: A bonding body includes a first member, a second member and an adhesive layer arranged between the first member and the second member. In the bonding body, the adhesive layer is made of a resin composition having a fluorene skeleton and at least one of the first member and the second member has a thickness of not less than 0.1 ?m and not more than 10 ?m.

Abstract: A hydrogen separator comprising a porous substrate composed mainly of a ceramic having a large number of pores connecting from one surface of the substrate to other surface, and a hydrogen-separating layer made of a hydrogen permselective metal formed on the porous substrate via an intermediate layer made of an electron-conductive ceramic. The hydrogen separator hardly generates defects such as peeling, cracks or the like in the hydrogen-separating layer and is suitable for use even when the hydrogen separator is exposed to a heat cycle, used under high temperature conditions or/and used for long-term.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prevent the fluctuation of output power of converted light oscillated from a wavelength converting device using a non-linear optical crystal. Wavelength conversion devices 1A, 1B converting fundamental wave “A” to light “B” of the different wavelength are provided. The devices 1A or 1B has a wavelength converting layer 2 comprising a plate-shaped body of a non-linear optical crystal and a first main face 2a and a second main face 2b, and a supporting body 3 or 3A joined with the first main face 2a of the wavelength converting layer 2. An additional supporting body 3B may be joined with the second main face 2b of the wavelength converting layer 2.

Abstract: A method for producing a bonded article composed of a first substrate, a second substrate, and a bonding layer through which the first and second substrates are bonded to one another includes the steps of interposing a water-based bonding agent between the first and second substrates, and forming the bonding layer by heating the water-based bonding agent. The water-based bonding agent contains an alkali metal element, and has a water-soluble compound dissolved therein. The water-soluble compound produces a composite oxide by heating.

Abstract: A bonding body includes a first member, a second member and an adhesive layer arranged between the first member and the second member. In the bonding body, the adhesive layer is made of a resin composition having fluorene skeleton and at least one of the first member and the second member has a thickness of not less than 0.1 &mgr;m and not more than 10 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A method for producing a bonded article composed of a first substrate, a second substrate, and a bonding layer through which the first and second substrates are bonded is disclosed. This method includes the steps of interposing a water-based bonding agent between the first and second substrates, and forming the bonding layer by heating the water-based bonding agent. The water-based bonding agent contains an alkali metal element, and has a water-soluble compound dissolved therein. The water-soluble compound produces a composite oxide by heating.

Abstract: A planar body of an oxide single crystal having a good crystallinity is grown stably to prevent cracks in the crystal when the planar body of the oxide single crystal is grown with a &mgr; pulling-down method. A raw material of the oxide single crystal is melted in a crucible 7. A seed crystal 15 is contacted to a melt 8. An oxide single crystal 31 is grown by pulling down the seed crystal 15 to draw the melt from an opening 13c of the crucible 7. A cooler is provided under the opening 13c of the crucible 7, which cool the oxide single crystal drawn from the opening of the crucible.

Abstract: A banner page outputting method, at a printer which is connected to a network and is used by plural users in common, in which in case that plural print jobs of a user are outputted in succession and after the plural print jobs a print job of another user is outputted, the banner pages of users are printed out every user, is provided.

Abstract: A plurality of speech channels uses only one speech analyzer-synthesizer by Time-Multiplexing-Demultiplexing (sampling and processing) the speech channels sequentially. On the transmission side, speech signals of a plurality of channels are multiplexed by a pulse code modulation system, a partial autocorrelation coefficient and an excitation signal which constitute a feature parameter of the speech are extracted from the multiplexed signals by means of a speech analyzer for respective digital outputs corresponding to respective speech signals, and the extracted feature parameter is multiplexed again and then transmitted to the receiving side. On the receiving side, the received multiplexed signal of the feature parameter is applied to a speech synthesizer on a time division basis for reproducing a multiplex pulse code modulation signal of the speech wave, and the reproduced signal is distributed among respective channels.