Abstract: A fuel cell (1) is constituted by stacking membrane electrode assemblies (2) and separators (3), wherein fuel gas passages (16), oxidizing gas passages (17) and coolant passages (9), which are formed by the separators (3), are arranged in parallel along the outer surfaces of gas diffusion layers (6A) and (6C) of the membrane electrode assemblies (2). With such a constitution, a thickness dimension of the separators (3) can be reduced, and with respect to a stacking direction of the fuel cell stack, the number of stacked unit cells can be increased in the same dimensions as that of the conventional fuel cell stack. Therefore, a fuel cell stack with a high output density can be obtained.

Abstract: A fuel cell which includes unit cells stacked on one another, and a pair of end plates sandwitching the stacked unit cells therebetween. At least one of the end plates is provided with a catalyst combustor and a gas supply system to supply fuel gas and oxidant gas fed to the unit cells to the catalyst combustor.

Abstract: A fuel cell (1) is constituted by stacking membrane electrode assemblies (2) and separators (3), wherein fuel gas passages (16), oxidizing gas passages (17) and coolant passages (9), which are formed by the separators (3), are arranged in parallel along the outer surfaces of gas diffusion layers (6A) and (6C) of the membrane electrode assemblies (2). With such a constitution, a thickness dimension of the separators (3) can be reduced, and with respect to a stacking direction of the fuel cell stack, the number of stacked unit cells can be increased in the same dimensions as that of the conventional fuel cell stack. Therefore, a fuel cell stack with a high output density can be obtained.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery comprises a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, and a current collector which is coated with an active material and immersed in the electrolytic solution. By setting the coating thickness of said active material 5-80 &mgr;m, the power density of the lithium ion secondary battery is improved.

Abstract: There is provided a positive electrode comprising positive electrode active material granules which each are composed of lithium manganate; and a first surface layer which is formed on each of the positive electrode active material granules and is to transmit lithium (Li) ion but not manganese (Mn) ion therethrough.

Abstract: A vehicle (V) includes a battery enclosure (152) enclosing a battery system (B). Each battery (Bn) includes a cell (1) that comprises a rolled lamination (LM) of a positive sheet electrode (11) having layers (13) of positive-pole-oriented active substance coated on both side of a charge collecting sheet (12), a negative sheet electrode (21) having layers (23) of negative-pole-oriented active substance coated on both sides of another charge collecting sheet (22), and electrolyte-containing separator (31) between the layers of active substances. The batter further includes a cell enclosure (2) totally enclosing the cell. A gas effluent system (100) for the battery system comprises a gas release system (RSn) for generated gas in the cell of each battery to be released outside the cell enclosure, and a gas discharge system (DS) for released gas to be discharged outside the battery enclosure. The gas release system comprises gas release circuitry including a network (NT) of blanks (Cp: P=1,2, . . . , q, . .

Abstract: A cell which has become inactive is detected in a multi-cell battery (15) comprising plural cells (Cn). An inactivity detecting circuit comprising a signal generator (Dn1) and a diode (Dn2) connected in series, is connected in parallel with the cell (Cn) When the cell becomes inactive, the signal generator (Dn1) emits a signal to indicate the state of the cell. Hence, it is possible to economically detect loss of cell activity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lithium ion multi-cell battery (15) wherein plural lithium ion cells (C.sub.n) are arranged in series. Each cell comprises a positive electrode of manganese/spinal oxide and a negative electrode. A first Zener diode (Z.sub.n 1) and first resistor (R.sub.n 1) are connected in series between the electrodes. By setting the Zener voltage (VZ1) of the first Zener diode (Z.sub.n 1) equal to the cell voltage VL of the responding cell (C.sub.n) when positive electrode crystal phase transport stars in that cell (C.sub.n), the charge amount of each cell is made uniform.

Abstract: A state of charge indicator of a lithium ion battery computes a state of charge (SOC) corresponding to a cell open circuit voltage from a SOC-cell open circuit voltage characteristic map, and displays the SOC on a display device. Herein, the SOC-cell open circuit voltage characteristics are obtained by defining the battery charge amount when the open circuit voltage of the cell is 3.9 V as SOC=100%, and defining the battery charge amount when the open circuit voltage of the cell is 3.5 V as SOC=100%. By defining SOC=100% and SOC=0% in this way, the SOC can be correctly computed and displayed even if the battery has deteriorated.

Abstract: An inductor (L), capacitor (C) and alternator (OSC) are connected in series to the positive and negative poles of a battery (15). The temperature of the battery (15) is increased by causing the alternator (OSC) to generate an alternating current having the resonance frequency of the inductor (L) and capacitor (C). The alternating current is consumed by the internal resistance of the battery (15) due to the resonance of the inductor (L) and capacitor (C), and the temperature of the battery (15) therefore rises due to the heat thereby generated in the battery. In this way, the temperature of the battery (15) can be effectively increased with minimum power consumption.

Abstract: An oily composition of aclarubicin or aclarubicin hydrochloride comprising aclarubicin or aclarubicin hydrochloride; at least one fatty acid selected from saturated medium chain fatty acids, unsaturated medium chain fatty acids and unsaturated long chain fatty acids; and at least one fats and oils selected from iodized oils and vegetable oils.

Abstract: An oily composition of an antitumor drug comprising at least one sparingly oil soluble or water-soluble antitumor drug, at least one fat or oil, and at least one solubilizing adjuvant in an oily vehicle selected from the group consisting of crown ether, lecithin, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, vitamin E, polyoxyethylene alkylether, and sucrose esters of fatty acids.

Abstract: A barge-carrying ship comprising a crane of a lifting-beam type installed at the end of the ship for hoisting barges afloat, runway rails laid on the upper deck and along the inner walls of the both sides of the hull, barge-end-holding trucks disposed in pairs on the rails to travel thereon, each pair of said trucks being capable of taking over a hoisted barge from the crane and carrying the barge while supporting the same at both ends, and another lifting-beam crane installed amidships along a hatch opening of the deck for hoisting the barge from the pair of trucks and lowering or raising the load.