Abstract: An in-pipe turbine has uses in energy storage and circulation. Specific applications are in storage systems working by elevation, smart grid systems, pressure release, and heating/cooling systems. Storage and release of electrical energy are important parts of an electrical grid. A system for storage using particulates is presented. On a higher level, a water system can interact with an electrical grid in order to use and provide electricity and convey water in a more efficient manner. The connection of a smart water and smart electrical grid, which may include the use of an in-pipe hydroelectric turbine, is presented.

Abstract: An in-pipe turbine has uses in energy storage and circulation. Specific applications are in storage systems working by elevation, smart grid systems, pressure release, and heating/cooling systems.

Abstract: Aspects of the manufacturing of Flow Deflection Devices (FDDs) for wind turbines are presented as a system that requires adjustments in order to improve power output and adjust for changes in different conditions yet provides stability of shape.

Abstract: Two-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) have many efficiency advantages over turbines with other numbers of blades. Principles for making them in the ideal fashion are presented for both drag and lift configurations.

Abstract: The special circumstances of working with hydroelectric turbines in pipes require innovations in blade shapes and systems that are presented here. An example is streamlining of the blades greater than that found in traditional hydroelectric turbines.

Abstract: An in-pipe turbine has uses in energy storage and circulation. Specific applications are in storage systems working by elevation, smart grid systems, pressure release, and heating/cooling systems.

Abstract: Two-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) have many efficiency advantages over turbines with other numbers of blades. Principles for making them in the ideal fashion are presented for both drag and lift configurations.

Abstract: Hydroelectric turbines in confined spaces depend heavily on nozzles and relationships involving nozzles and related turbine components in order to obtain maximal efficiencies for a wide range of flow conditions.

Abstract: Attaching wind turbines to towers built for many uses is highly advantageous. The ways of doing that in novel uses and ways are presented.

Abstract: Aspects of the manufacturing of Flow Deflection Devices (FDDs) for wind turbines are presented as a system that requires adjustments in order to improve power output and adjust for changes in different conditions yet provides stability of shape.

Abstract: The special circumstances of working with hydroelectric turbines in pipes require innovations in blade shapes and systems that are presented here. An example is streamlining of the blades greater than that found in traditional hydroelectric turbines.