Abstract: An apparatus for calculating correlation between first and second sets of data which are respectively composed of plural data includes a first transfer apparatus, a second transfer apparatus, and an apparatus for calculating absolute value. The first transfer apparatus comprises at least first and second transfer stages and is adapted to transfer the first set of data in succession from the first transfer stage to the second transfer stage, and the second transfer apparatus comprises at least first and second transfer stages and is adapted to transfer the second set of data in succession from the second transfer stage to the first transfer stage in synchronization with the data transfer by the first transfer apparatus.

Abstract: A focus detection apparatus has a pair of photoelectric element arrays, a plurality of filters having different MTF characteristics, and an operation unit. A filter is selected from the plurality of filters in accordance with an object or a focusing state. The selected filter filters the data from the photoelectric element arrays, and the operation unit calculates a focus detection signal based on the filtered data.

Abstract: A focus detector adaptable to a camera or other similar optical instrument is disclosed. The focus detector includes a pair of concave mirrors as refocusing optical system for forming secondary images the positional relationship of which is detected for focus detection. In order to eliminate the adverse effect of aberrations on the secondary image formation and to improve the accuracy of focus detection, the concave mirrors are inclined to satisfy a particularly determined condition on the incident angle to the mirrors. The condition is that the incidence angle should be less than about .sqroot.0.04/R wherein R is the maximum diameter of the mirror measured in mm.

Abstract: A camera capable of automatic focusing operation includes a picture-taking lens, photoelectric detector elements for photoelectrically detecting the light from an object to be photographed, a picture-taking lens driving device for driving the picture-taking lens to the in-focus position on the basis of the output of the photoelectric detector elements, a drive blocking device for detecting that the object is unsuitable for automatic focusing operation, thereby blocking the driving of the picture-taking lens by the picture-taking lens driving device, information detecting apparatus for detecting the information of the object, a memory for storing the output of the information detecting apparatus when the object is unsuitable for automatic focusing operation, and a releasing device for comparing the output of the information detecting apparatus with the output of the memory and releasing said blocking by the drive blocking device when the two outputs differ from each other.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus is provided with first and second imaging lenses for distance measurement for forming images of the same object, a first photoelectric device having a light-receiving surface for receiving the first image by the first imaging lens for distance measurement, a second photoelectric device having a light-receiving surface for receiving the second image by the second imaging lens for distance measurement, and varying means for varying the relative position of the light-receiving surface of the first photoelectric device and the first image thereon and the relative position of the light-receiving surface of the second photoelectric device and the second image thereon. The apparatus detects the distance to the object from the fact that the two relative positions have assumed a predetermined relation.

Abstract: A focus detecting device for detecting the focus position of an image forming system comprises plural arrays of small lenses, plural units of photoelectric elements respectively corresponding to the small lenses of the lens arrays and a synthesizing device. Each of the arrays includes plural small lenses arranged in a predetermined direction in the vicinity of a focal plane of the image forming system and the plural lens arrays are positioned mutually parallel. Each of the plural units of photoelectric elements is positioned behind the corresponding one of the small lenses. The synthesizing device synthesizes photoelectric output signals from the units of photoelectric element behind the positionally corresponding small lenses belonging to the plural lens arrays.

Abstract: In a camera including a photoelectric converter device disposed in the substantial imaging plane of a phototaking lens, a device for detecting the in-focus or the out-of-focus of the phototaking lens with respect to an object to be photographed from an output of said photoelectric converter device, and a device responsive to the detecting device to drive and control the phototaking lens in a direction to be in focus with respect to the object, there is provided means responsive only to the detection of said in-focus by the detecting device to restrain the operation of the drive control device. The means includes timer means for enabling the continuance of said restraint during a predetermined time after the detection of the out-of-focus by the detecting device.

Abstract: A focus detecting device has an objective lens, a pair of re-imaging lenses for receiving the light imaged by the objective lens to form a first and a second image, respectively, a pair of focus detecting photoelectric converters disposed near the focal planes of the pair of re-imaging lenses, respectively, the pair of photoelectric converters being adapted to produce photoelectric outputs corresponding to the position changes of the first and second images caused on the photoelectric converters by movement of the objective lens in the direction of the optical axis, and detecting means for receiving the outputs from the pair of photoelectric converters and detecting whether or not the objective lens is in its in-focus condition. The pair of re-imaging lenses are provided so that the F-number thereof in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the images is smaller than the F-number thereof in the direction of movement of the images position-changed on the photoelectric converters.

Abstract: A light measuring device capable of amplifying the difference of the time-sequential pulse output signals from the photoelectric sensor array regardless of the magnitude of said pulse output signals, comprises optical system means; means comprising a photoelectric sensor array having a plurality of photoelectric sensors for receiving the light passing through said optical system means and generating electric signals respectively corresponding to the intensity of light received by said photoelectric sensors as time-sequential signals of a determined interval; means for generating a comparison signal of a determined magnitude related to the output level of said electric signals; and processing means adapted to receive said electric signals and said comparison signal to generate output signals related to the difference of said signals in a sequential manner.

Abstract: This specification discloses a photoelectric converter device in which the output of a charge storage type photoelectric element array is fed back to a circuit for driving the array to thereby automatically control the charge storage time.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting displacement of optical image is disclosed which comprises a photosensitive element array, a first circuit, a second circuit and a phase difference measuring circuit. The photosensitive element array is composed of a number of photosensitive elements disposed on and near the focal plane of an image forming optical system through which an optical image is formed. The first circuit multiplies the electric outputs from photosensitive elements in the array by vectors whose phases sequentially increase or decrease, and then adds the products together to form an added output. The second circuit multiplies the electric outputs from photosensitive elements slightly shifted from the above elements in the same array, and then adds the products together to form a second added output. The difference in phase between the first and second added outputs is measured by the phase difference measuring circuit.

Abstract: A focus detecting apparatus comprises first means for forming phase outputs from said first and second photosensor arrays of phases respectively corresponding to the relative positions of said first and second photosensor arrays with respect to the light images thereon; second means for comparing the output corresponding to the amount of light entering said first photosensor array with the output corresponding to the amount of light entering said second photosensor array and forming a correlation output corresponding to said comparison; third means for forming outputs corresponding to the sharpness of light images on said photosensor arrays from the outputs from said arrays; and processing means for generating a synthesized output signal representing the focus state of said objective lens with respect to the object from the aforementioned phase outputs, correlation output and sharpness outputs.

Abstract: In a focus detecting device wherein, from an object light passed through an image forming optical system, a first image and a second image are formed by a pair of re-imaging optical systems and the in-focus condition of the image forming optical system with respect to an object is detected from the variations in position of the first and second images with respect to a pair of photoelectric converters disposed on or near the focal planes of the pair of re-imaging optical systems, there is provided shield means for shielding, substantially symmetrically with respect to the optic axis of the image forming optical system, part of light beams forming the first and second images formed on the pair of photoelectric converters by the image forming optical system and the pair of re-imaging optical systems.

Abstract: A display device for a camera uses at least two display elements to display visual information such as focus information. Signals are produced, the relative phases of which indicate in-focus or out of focus conditions.

Abstract: A device for extracting a plurality of space frequency components from an optical image formed by an image forming optical system comprises a photoelectric element array including at least N photoelectric elements disposed in or near the image formation plane of the image forming optical system, and means for generating, on the basis of the output of each of the photoelectric elements of the array, an electrical output varying in phase in accordance with the displacement of the optical image in the direction of arrangement of the photoelectric elements.

Abstract: In a focus detecting device having a first and second photoelectric element arrays each including a plurality of photo-electric elements disposed so as to mutually correspond in position and optical means for forming a first image and a second image of an object on the first and second arrays, respectively, there is provided first means for calculating the differences between electrical outputs related to the outputs of the mutually corresponding ones of the photoelectric elements of the first and second arrays and adding together the quantities based on said differences, second means for calculating the difference between each electrical output related to the output of each of the photoelectric elements and each electrical output related to the output of the photoelectric element spaced apart from each photoelectric element with a predetermined number of photoelectric elements interposed therebetween in the direction of arrangement of the elements of the arrays and adding together the quantities based on sai

Abstract: This invention discloses a device for extracting the space frequency component of an image formed by an optical system. The device comprises means having a photoelectric element array including a plurality of photoelectric elements on which said image is projected and time-sequentially generating, at a predetermined period, a pulse output having a magnitude corresponding to the intensity of light received by each of the photoelectric elements, means for successively storing the respective pulse outputs, means for converting each of the stored pulse outputs into an AC signal, and means for adding together the AC signals and producing the same.

Abstract: A focus detecting device comprises an image forming optical system, a light beam scanning device for scanning the light beam from the image forming optical system in a predetermined direction and for generating an electrical output corresponding to the scanning direction of the light beam, an image re-forming optical system for re-forming the image formed by the image forming optical system, an image position detecting device for photoelectrically detecting the direction of movement of the image formed by the image re-forming lens, and a discriminating circuit for discriminating between the focusing, the front focus and the backward focus from the direction of movement of the image by the image re-forming optical system with respect to the direction of scanning of the light beam by the scanning optical system on the basis of the outputs of the light beam scanning device and the image position detecting device.

Abstract: Focus detecting apparatus for an optical system including first and second image forming optical means for forming the image of an object along first and second spatially separated light paths, first and second photosensitive element arrays each comprising a plurality of photosensitive elements and producing an electrical signal representative of the intensity distribution pattern of the light incident thereon, and circuit means for detecting the focus of the optical system in accordance with the electrical signals from the first and second arrays. The circuit means includes a first processing circuit, a second processing circuit and a phase comparing circuit. The first processing circuit produces an electrical output having a phase representative of the positional relation between the first array and the intensity distribution pattern of the light incident on the first array, in accordance with the electrical signal from the first array.

Abstract: In a device for detecting displacement of an optical image by an image forming optical system in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optic axis of the image forming optical system, there is provided an array of photosensitive elements comprising a plurality of photosensitive elements disposed on or near the image plane of the image forming optical system, means for generating an electrical output creating a phase change in response to the displacement of the optical image in the direction of arrangement of the photosensitive elements in accordance with the outputs of the photosensitive elements of the array, contribution reducing means for reducing the contribution to the electrical output of the outputs of the plurality of photosensitive elements located near the opposite ends of the array, and detector means for detecting the displacement of the optical image from the phase information of the electrical output of the electrical output generating means.