Abstract: Methods and systems for switching a network packet at a switching device are provided. One method includes operations for receiving a packet having a media access control (MAC) address, and for switching the packet by a switch fabric if the MAC address is present in one or more memories associated with the switch fabric. The method also includes operation for switching the packet by a network device operating system (ndOS) if the MAC address is absent from the one or more memories.

Abstract: One networking device includes a switch module, a server, and a switch controller. The switch module has ports with a communications interface of a first type (CI1) and ports with a communications interface of a second type (CI2). The server, coupled to the switch module via a first CI2 coupling, includes a virtual CI1 driver, which provides a CI1 interface in the server, defined to exchange CI1 packets with the switch module via the first CI2 coupling. The virtual CI1 driver includes a first network device operating system (ndOS) program. The switch controller, in communication with the switch module via a second CI2 coupling, includes a second ndOS program controlling, in the switch module, a packet switching policy defining the switching of packets through the switch module or switch controller. The first and second ndOS programs exchange control messages to maintain a network policy for the switch fabric.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for switching a network packet. One method includes operations for receiving a packet having a media access control (MAC) address, and for switching the packet by a first packet switching device (PSD) when the MAC address is present in a first memory. Further, the method includes operations for transferring the packet to a second PSD when the MAC address is absent from the first memory and present in a second memory associated with the second PSD, and for transferring the packet to a third PSD when the MAC address is absent from the first memory and the second memory.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for a switching server. One switching server includes a server, a switch module coupled to the server, and a switch controller coupled to the server and to the switch module. The server includes a processor executing an operating system that includes a network driver, and the network driver includes a first network device operating system (ndOS) program. Further, the switch module includes a switch fabric and input/output ports. The switch controller includes a processor and non-volatile storage, where the processor is configured to execute a second ndOS program. The first and second ndOS programs implement a global networking policy for a plurality of devices executing ndOS programs, the global networking policy including a definition for switching incoming packets through the plurality of devices executing the ndOS programs.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for managing network switching. A network device operating system (ndOS) program includes instructions for exchanging switching policy regarding switching network packets in a plurality of ndOS devices having ndOS programs. The first ndOS program is executed in a first ndOS device, and the switching policy is exchanged with other ndOS programs via multicast messages. Further, the ndOS program includes instructions for exchanging resource control messages with the other ndOS devices to implement service level agreements in the switching fabric, where the ndOS switching devices cooperate to enforce the service level agreements. Further yet, the ndOS program includes instructions for receiving changes to the switching policy, and instructions for propagating the received changes to the switching policy via message exchange between the ndOS programs. The ndOS devices are managed as a single logical switch that spans the plurality of ndOS devices.

Abstract: An approach for fingerprinting large data objects at the wire speed has been disclosed. The techniques include Fresh/Shift pipelining, split Fresh, optimization, online channel sampling, and pipelined selection. The architecture can also be replicated to work in parallel for higher system throughput. Fingerprinting may provide an efficient mechanism for identifying duplication in a data stream, and deduplication based on the identified fingerprints may provide reduced storage costs, reduced network bandwidth consumption, reduced processing time and other benefits. In some embodiments, fingerprinting may be used to ensure or verify data integrity and may facilitate detection of corruption or tampering. An efficient manner of generating fingerprints (either via hardware, software, or a combination) may reduce a computation load and/or time required to generate fingerprints.

Abstract: An approach for fingerprinting large data objects at the wire speed has been disclosed. The techniques include Fresh/Shift pipelining, split Fresh, optimization, online channel sampling, and pipelined selection. The architecture can also be replicated to work in parallel for higher system throughput. Fingerprinting may provide an efficient mechanism for identifying duplication in a data stream, and deduplication based on the identified fingerprints may provide reduced storage costs, reduced network bandwidth consumption, reduced processing time and other benefits. In some embodiments, fingerprinting may be used to ensure or verify data integrity and may facilitate detection of corruption or tampering. An efficient manner of generating fingerprints (either via hardware, software, or a combination) may reduce a computation load and/or time required to generate fingerprints.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for switching a network packet. One method includes operations for receiving a packet having a media access control (MAC) address, and for switching the packet by a first packet switching device (PSD) when the MAC address is present in a first memory. Further, the method includes operations for transferring the packet to a second PSD when the MAC address is absent from the first memory and present in a second memory associated with the second PSD, and for transferring the packet to a third PSD when the MAC address is absent from the first memory and the second memory.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for providing a program to a server. One method includes an operation for receiving a request by a switching device from a first server, the request being for a boot image for booting the first server. In addition, the method includes operations for determining if the boot image is available from non-volatile storage in the switching device, and for forwarding the request to a second server when the boot image is absent from the non-volatile storage. Further, the method includes an operation for sending the boot image to the first server from the switching device when the boot image is available from the non-volatile storage.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for switching a network packet. One method includes operations for receiving a packet having a media access control (MAC) address, and for switching the packet by a first packet switching device (PSD) when the MAC address is present in a first memory. Further, the method includes operations for transferring the packet to a second PSD when the MAC address is absent from the first memory and present in a second memory associated with the second PSD, and for transferring the packet to a third PSD when the MAC address is absent from the first memory and the second memory.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for managing a switching layer fabric. A network device operating system (ndOS) program includes program instructions for exchanging switching policy regarding a switching of network packets in a plurality of ndOS switching devices having respective ndOS programs executing therein. The first ndOS program is executed in a first ndOS switching device, and the switching policy is exchanged with other ndOS programs via multicast messages. Further, the ndOS program includes program instructions for exchanging resource control messages with the other ndOS switching devices to implement service level agreements in the switching layer fabric, where the ndOS switching devices cooperate to enforce the service level agreements. Further yet, the ndOS program includes program instructions for receiving changes to the switching policy, and program instructions for propagating the received changes to the switching policy via message exchange between the ndOS programs.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for networking communications. One method includes an operation for receiving a packet in a first format by a virtual driver providing a communications interface of a first type (CI1), the first format being for CI1. Further, the method includes an operation for encapsulating the packet in a second format by a processor, the second format being for a communications interface of a second type (CI2) different from CI1. In addition, the method includes an operation for sending the encapsulated packet in the second format to a switch module. The switch module includes a switch fabric, one or more CI1 ports, and one or more CI2 ports, and the switch module transforms the packet back to the first format to send the packet in the first format to a CI1 network via one of the CI1 ports in the switch module.

Abstract: One networking device includes a switch module, a server, and a switch controller. The switch module has ports with a communications interface of a first type (CI1) and ports with a communications interface of a second type (CI2). The server, coupled to the switch module via a first CI2 coupling, includes a virtual CI1 driver, which provides a CI1 interface in the server, defined to exchange CI1 packets with the switch module via the first CI2 coupling. The virtual CI1 driver includes a first network device operating system (ndOS) program. The switch controller, in communication with the switch module via a second CI2 coupling, includes a second ndOS program controlling, in the switch module, a packet switching policy defining the switching of packets through the switch module or switch controller. The first and second ndOS programs exchange control messages to maintain a network policy for the switch fabric.

Abstract: One networking device includes a switch module, a server, and a switch controller. The switch module has ports with a communications interface of a first type (CI1) and ports with a communications interface of a second type (CI2). The server, coupled to the switch module via a first CI2 coupling, includes a virtual CI1 driver, which provides a CI1 interface in the server, defined to exchange CI1 packets with the switch module via the first CI2 coupling. The virtual CI1 driver includes a first network device operating system (ndOS) program. The switch controller, in communication with the switch module via a second CI2 coupling, includes a second ndOS program controlling, in the switch module, a packet switching policy defining the switching of packets through the switch module or switch controller. The first and second ndOS programs exchange control messages to maintain a network policy for the switch fabric.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for networking communications. One method includes an operation for receiving a packet in a first format by a virtual driver providing a communications interface of a first type (CI1), the first format being for CI1. Further, the method includes an operation for encapsulating the packet in a second format by a processor, the second format being for a communications interface of a second type (CI2) different from CI1. In addition, the method includes an operation for sending the encapsulated packet in the second format to a switch module. The switch module includes a switch fabric, one or more CI1 ports, and one or more CI2 ports, and the switch module transforms the packet back to the first format to send the packet in the first format to a CI1 network via one of the CI1 ports in the switch module.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic/ferroelectric heterostructure thin film is disclosed that exhibits significant magneto-electric coupling. The ferromagnetic/ferroelectric heterostructure thin film includes a) a base layer of silicon substrate, b) a first copper layer deposited on the silicon substrate, c) a first iron layer deposited on the copper layer, d) first aluminum layer deposited on the first iron layer, e) a polymer layer exhibiting ferroelectric properties deposited on the first aluminum layer, f) a second aluminum layer deposited on the polymer layer; g) a second iron layer deposited on the second aluminum layer, and h) a second copper layer deposited on the second iron layer.

Abstract: Systems are presented for processing packets in a network switch. One network device includes a processor, an Ethernet switch, a PCIe switch, and a packet processor. The processor is for executing a controller program, and the Ethernet switch is for switching packets among a ports. Further, the PCIe switch is coupled to the processor and the Ethernet switch, and the packet processor, coupled to the Ethernet switch and the PCIe switch, is operable to modify an application header of an incoming packet and send the incoming packet to one of the ports. The controller program is operable to configure the Ethernet switch and the packet processor to define processing of packets. The controller program is operable to send a first configuration rule to the Ethernet switch, the first configuration rule defining that packets of a network flow requiring header modification be forwarded to the packet processor.

Abstract: A barrel driving mechanism and an image pickup device thereof. The barrel driving mechanism comprises a fixing-barrel, a driving-barrel and a moving-barrel. The fixing-barrel has a first groove with a first stop-position and a first position. The driving-barrel disposed in the fixing-barrel has a second groove with a second stop-position and a second position. The driving-barrel has a first guiding protrusion inserted into the first groove. The moving-barrel disposed in the driving-barrel having a second guiding protrusion is inserted into the second groove. Wherein, the first stop-position to the first position and the second stop-position to the second position are slanted grooves. When the driving-barrel is rotated, the driving-barrel shifts a first axial distance and the moving-barrel shifts a second axial distance. The sum of the first axial distance and the second axial distance equals the total displacement of the moving barrel.

Abstract: In general, the invention relates to a network device that includes a port configured to receive a packet and a packet processor (PP) configured to receive the packet from the port, in response to receiving the packet, make a first determination that a trigger condition exists, and in response to the first determination, issue a configuration action, where the configuration action, when performed by the network device, modifies a configuration of a component on the network device.