Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus main body, a first unit dismountable from the apparatus main body, a second unit dismountable from the first unit, and a protective member. The first unit includes a photosensitive member, a transfer unit, and a first unit memory section. The second unit includes a development roller, a storage section that stores a developer, and a second unit memory section. The apparatus main body includes a first main body contact that is electrically connectable to the first unit memory section and a second main body contact that is electrically connectable to the second unit memory section. When the image forming apparatus is packed, the first unit and the second unit are mounted to the apparatus main body with the second unit mounted to the first unit and with the protective member mounted to the first unit and the second unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier to carry a toner image, intermediate, primary, and secondary transfer members, and a voltage application member. The voltage application member applies a voltage to the image carrier. The secondary transfer member is in contact with an outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer member. The toner image carried on the image carrier is primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer member in a state where the voltage application member applies the voltage to the image carrier. The intermediate transfer member has a volume resistivity from 5×107 ?·cm to 2×1011 ?·cm inclusive. A relation ?s1/?s2?1.5 is satisfied, where ?s1 denotes a surface resistivity which is measured from the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer member and ?s2 denotes a surface resistivity which is measured from an inner circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier to carry a toner image, intermediate, primary, and secondary transfer members, and a voltage application member. The voltage application member applies a voltage to the image carrier. The secondary transfer member is in contact with an outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer member. The toner image carried on the image carrier is primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer member in a state where the voltage application member applies the voltage to the image carrier. The intermediate transfer member has a volume resistivity from 5×107 ?·cm to 2×1011 ?·cm inclusive. A relation ?s1/?s2?1.5 is satisfied, where ?s1 denotes a surface resistivity which is measured from the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer member and ?s2 denotes a surface resistivity which is measured from an inner circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer member. The intermediate transfer member includes a layer made of an acrylic copolymer. A plurality of grooves is formed in the layer along a moving direction of the intermediate transfer member across a width direction of the intermediate transfer member. A groove distance that is an average distance between adjoining grooves of the plurality of grooves in the width direction of the intermediate transfer member is 2 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less.

Abstract: A method of an abnormality detection, the method including: calculating an occurrence degree of a packet loss in each of multiple queues on the basis of a first time period in which each of multiple processes that receives a packet is in a waiting state and an arrival frequency of a packet in each of the multiple queues that stores the packets received by the multiple processes; distributing the number of packet losses occurred in a communication device that includes the multiple queues to each of the multiple queues on the basis of the calculated occurrence degree; and determining whether or not an abnormality occurs in each of the multiple processes on the basis of a correspondence relationship between an operation state of each process and the number of packet losses distributed to the queue that corresponds to each process among the multiple queues for each of the multiple processes.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed to an ultrasonic probe comprises a probe main portion configured to transmit ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic transducer. A treatment portion is configured on a distal side of the probe main portion along a longitudinal axis thereof. The treatment portion includes first direction surfaces disposed in a first direction intersecting the longitudinal axis and second direction surfaces that are adjacent to the first direction surfaces and are disposed in a second direction different from the first direction surfaces. The first direction surfaces further includes a plurality of surfaces formed into a staircase shape when being viewed from the treatment portion and one or more surfaces formed into a staircase shape when being viewed from a side opposed to the distal side of the treatment portion. The second direction surfaces further includes a plurality of surfaces formed into a staircase shape toward the distal side.

Abstract: An ultrasonic vibration transmittable probe includes a probe body configured to transmit ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic transducer. A treatment section is provided on a distal end side of the probe body along its longitudinal axis and is configured to cut a treatment object with the ultrasonic vibration. The treatment section includes first to third cutting surfaces disposed at progressively proximal positions. A portion of the first cutting surface has a dimension along a first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis that is smaller than a dimension of the second cutting surface along the first orthogonal direction.

Abstract: An ultrasonic vibration transmittable probe includes a probe body configured to transmit ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic transducer. A treatment section is provided on a distal end side of the probe body along its longitudinal axis and is configured to cut a treatment object with the ultrasonic vibration. The treatment section includes first to third cutting surfaces disposed at progressively proximal positions. A portion of the first cutting surface has a dimension along a first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis that is smaller than a dimension of the second cutting surface along the first orthogonal direction.

Abstract: Provided is an improvement suggestion presentation method implemented by a computer, including acquiring first parameters relating to an operation status of a first system, acquiring second parameters relating to operation statuses of second systems, identifying a distribution of each of the second parameters, calculating a difference between one of the first parameters and the distribution of a third parameter, which is a same type as the one of the first parameters, of the second parameters, for each of the first parameters, identifying, from among the first parameters, a resource parameter indicating an amount of allocation of a resource that improves the operation status of the first system, based on the differences, and presenting the resource parameter identified.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes image bearing members, an intermediary transfer member having ion conductivity, primary transfer members, a first voltage applying portion, a secondary transfer member, a second voltage applying portion, and a controller. On the basis of image information, the controller controls a transfer voltage applied to the secondary transfer member so as to be different between a first voltage when a first region, in which a coverage indicating a ratio occupied by an image region per predetermined area is a first coverage passes through the secondary transfer portion and a second voltage when a second region, in which the coverage is a second coverage larger than the first coverage, passes through the secondary transfer portion. The controller controls a change amount of the first voltage with respect to the second voltage so as to be different between a first mode and a second mode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion configured to form a toner image on an image bearing member; an intermediate transfer member onto which the toner image is transferred from the image bearing member in a primary transfer portion to form an image portion; and a control portion configured to perform control to form a toner image for lubrication in a non-image portion of the intermediate transfer member onto which the toner image for a print image based on image information is not to be formed. In a state in which the non-image portion is to be formed downstream of the image portion in a movement direction of the surface of the intermediate transfer member, the control portion performs control to change a size of a region for forming the toner image for lubrication based on the image information.

Abstract: A method of an abnormality detection, the method including: calculating an occurrence degree of a packet loss in each of multiple queues on the basis of a first time period in which each of multiple processes that receives a packet is in a waiting state and an arrival frequency of a packet in each of the multiple queues that stores the packets received by the multiple processes; distributing the number of packet losses occurred in a communication device that includes the multiple queues to each of the multiple queues on the basis of the calculated occurrence degree; and determining whether or not an abnormality occurs in each of the multiple processes on the basis of a correspondence relationship between an operation state of each process and the number of packet losses distributed to the queue that corresponds to each process among the multiple queues for each of the multiple processes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic surgical instrument for boring a hole in a femur, including: an ultrasonic vibrator capable of generating ultrasonic vibration; a probe including a proximal end portion connected with the ultrasonic vibrator and a distal end treatment portion capable of boring a bone hole in the femur, and transmitting the ultrasonic vibration; and a cylindrical member covering the proximal end portion of the probe and not covering an exposed portion including the distal end treatment portion. The distal end treatment portion includes a columnar portion having a cross-sectional area that is larger than that of a remainder of the exposed portion of the probe.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer member. The intermediate transfer member includes a layer made of an acrylic copolymer. A plurality of grooves is formed in the layer along a moving direction of the intermediate transfer member across a width direction of the intermediate transfer member. A groove distance that is an average distance between adjoining grooves of the plurality of grooves in the width direction of the intermediate transfer member is 2 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less.

Abstract: A delay cause identification method includes calculating a statistical value of a processing time of a call source workload for each of paths from the call source workload corresponding to a call source microservice to a plurality of call destination workloads corresponding to a call destination microservice, and determining that a network related to the call destination microservice or the call destination microservice is a cause of the delay, when a first condition which there exists, based on the statistical value, a call destination workload common to paths involving a first processing time and a second condition which a first difference and a second difference are within a predetermined range are satisfied. The first difference is a difference in a first average value of the processing time. The second difference is difference in a second average value of a response time.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes image bearing members, an intermediary transfer member having ion conductivity, primary transfer members, a first voltage applying portion, a secondary transfer member, a second voltage applying portion, and a controller. On the basis of image information, the controller controls a transfer voltage applied to the secondary transfer member so as to be different between a first voltage when a first region in which a coverage indicating a ratio occupied by an image region per predetermined area is a first coverage passes through the secondary transfer portion and a second voltage when a second region in which the coverage is a second coverage larger than the first coverage passes through the secondary transfer portion. The controller controls a change amount of the first voltage with respect to the second voltage so as to be different between a first mode and a second mode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer member. The intermediate transfer member includes a layer made of an acrylic copolymer. A plurality of grooves is formed in the layer along a moving direction of the intermediate transfer member across a width direction of the intermediate transfer member. A groove distance that is an average distance between adjoining grooves of the plurality of grooves in the width direction of the intermediate transfer member is 2 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less.

Abstract: A primary transfer roller is disposed upstream or downstream from the center of rotation of a photosensitive drum in the moving direction of an intermediate transfer belt. The primary transfer roller includes a core metal and an elastic layer coating the outer circumference of the core metal and having a thickness of less than 2.0 mm. The primary transfer roller has an Asker-C hardness of 40° or higher and 85° or lower.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: an image forming portion configured to form a toner image on an image bearing member; an intermediate transfer member onto which the toner image is transferred from the image bearing member in a primary transfer portion to form an image portion; and a control portion configured to perform control to form a toner image for lubrication in a non-image portion of the intermediate transfer member onto which the toner image for a print image based on image information is not to be formed. In a state in which the non-image portion is to be formed downstream of the image portion in a movement direction of the surface of the intermediate transfer member, the control portion performs control to change a size of a region for forming the toner image for lubrication based on the image information.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: a movable intermediate transfer member onto which a toner image borne by an image bearing member is to be transferred; a detection unit configured to irradiate the toner image on the intermediate transfer member with light to detect reflected light; and a control unit configured to adjust a condition for forming the toner image based on a detection result of the detection unit, wherein a plurality of grooves extending along a movement direction of the intermediate transfer member are formed in a surface of the intermediate transfer member in a width direction intersecting the movement direction, and wherein grooves, formed within a range of the intermediate transfer member to which the light is irradiated by the detection unit, among the plurality of grooves are formed so that intervals each between adjacent grooves with respect to the width direction are regularly changed within a predetermined range.