Abstract: A machine learning system includes a host device and several client devices. The client devices receive a host model from the host device, respectively, and include a first and a second client devices. The first and the second client devices store a first and a second parameter sets, respectively, and perform training on the received host models according to the first and the second parameter sets, respectively, to respectively generate a first and a second training results. If the host device has received the first training result corresponding to an m-th training round but has not received the second training result corresponding to a n-th round training, when a difference between m and n is not higher than a threshold value, the host device updates the host model according to the first training result without using the second training result.

Abstract: A method for processing an interlaced stream includes: receiving the interlaced stream and auxiliary information that are transmitted, respectively, wherein the interlaced stream has a plurality of data streams interlaced therein, and the data streams include at least one encrypted data stream; and generating reference information, utilized for distinguishing between the data streams included in the interlaced stream, by referring to the received auxiliary information.

Abstract: A method for examining and representing a timing markup and a recording medium for recording a data structure thereof are provided. In the examining method, a timing markup including at least one tag is parsed first. Then, a graphic timing markup corresponding to the timing markup is generated according to the property of each tag and the relationship between the tags in the timing markup. The graphic timing markup includes a plurality of nodes corresponding to the tags in the timing markup. Finally, the graphic timing markup is used for executing the examination procedure of the timing markup. As a result, through the help of the graphic timing markup, the efficiency of examining the timing markup is improved, and the convenience of understanding and modifying the timing markup is also increased.