Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method for forming metallization layers that include a ruthenium metal liner and a cobalt metal fill. The method includes depositing a first dielectric on a substrate having a gate structure and source/drain (S/D) structures, forming an opening in the first dielectric to expose the S/D structures, and depositing a ruthenium metal on bottom and sidewall surfaces of the opening. The method further includes depositing a cobalt metal on the ruthenium metal to fill the opening, reflowing the cobalt metal, and planarizing the cobalt and ruthenium metals to form S/D conductive structures with a top surface coplanar with a top surface of the first dielectric.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for updating a computer firmware. The system generates a user firmware volume within a computer firmware volume containing computer firmware used by the system during a boot process. In some cases, the user firmware volume can be a file system. The system also obtains a firmware file for updating the computer firmware used by the system during the boot process. Next, the system compares the firmware file with a content of the computer firmware volume to yield a comparison and, based on the comparison, stores the firmware file on the user firmware volume within the computer firmware volume without flashing an entire portion of the computer firmware used by the system during the boot process.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for updating a computer firmware. The system generates a user firmware volume within a computer firmware volume containing computer firmware used by the system during a boot process. In some cases, the user firmware volume can be a file system. The system also obtains a firmware file for updating the computer firmware used by the system during the boot process. Next, the system compares the firmware file with a content of the computer firmware volume to yield a comparison and, based on the comparison, stores the firmware file on the user firmware volume within the computer firmware volume without flashing an entire portion of the computer firmware used by the system during the boot process.