Abstract: A level shift circuit includes a first resistor connected to a level shift power source, a first transistor having a drain connected to a second end of the first resistor and a source to the ground, a second resistor connected to the level shift power source, a second transistor having a drain connected to a second end of the second resistor and a source to the ground, a pulse generator controlling ON/OFF of the first and second transistors according to an input signal, a control part generating a set signal if the first transistor is ON, a reset signal if the second transistor is ON, and no signal if there is no voltage difference between a voltage at the drain of the first transistor and a voltage at the drain of the second transistor, and a flip-flop providing an output signal according to the set and reset signals.

Abstract: A level shifter includes a resistor R1 connected to a power source, a MOSFET MN3 having a drain connected to the resistor R1 and a grounded source, a resistor R2 having the same resistance of the resistor R1 and connected to the power source, a MOSFET MN4 having a drain to the resistor R2 and a grounded source, a pulse generator 10 controlling ON/OFF of the MOSFETs MN3 and MN4 according to an input signal, a control part generating a set signal when the MOSFET MN3 is ON and a reset signal when the MOSFET MN4 is ON, a flip-flop that providing, according to the set and reset signals, an output signal level-shifted of the input signal to operate a switching element Q1, and a switching operation control part detecting when reference potential decreases to negative and stopping the switching element Q1.

Abstract: A startup circuit is installed in a switching power source apparatus. The startup circuit is configured to start up a controller with the use of a rectified voltage at startup of an AC power source and includes a detector (ZD3, Q4, Q6) to detect if the rectified voltage is equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage, a timer 20 to count a predetermined time after the rectified voltage is detected to be equal to or lower than the predetermined voltage, and a discharger (R10, Q7) to discharge the rectified voltage if the rectified voltage does not become equal to or lower than a specified voltage within the predetermined time counted by the timer.

Abstract: A level shift circuit includes a first resistor connected to a level shift power source, a first transistor having a drain connected to a second end of the first resistor and a source to the ground, a second resistor connected to the level shift power source, a second transistor having a drain connected to a second end of the second resistor and a source to the ground, a pulse generator controlling ON/OFF of the first and second transistors according to an input signal, a control part generating a set signal if the first transistor is ON, a reset signal if the second transistor is ON, and no signal if there is no voltage difference between a voltage at the drain of the first transistor and a voltage at the drain of the second transistor, and a flip-flop providing an output signal according to the set and reset signals.

Abstract: A control circuit 8 of a switching power source comprises a voltage detector 31 for detecting a voltage VDC of a DC power supply 1 to produce a detection voltage VDT; a comparator 41 for producing an output signal VCP when detection voltage VDT from voltage detector 31 exceeds a reference voltage VR2; a bottom voltage detector 51 for detecting a bottom point of voltage VDS across a MOS-FET 3 after energy has been discharged from transformer 2; and a switching controller 61 for selectively turning MOS-FET 3 on depending on existence or absence of the output signal VCP from comparator 41. When the input voltage VDC from DC power supply 1 so rises that detection voltage VDT of voltage detector 31 is above the reference voltage VR2, switching controller 61 serves to late turn MOS-FET 3 on at the time bottom voltage detector 51 detects the second or later bottom point of the voltage VDS across MOS-FET 3, extending the off period of MOS-FET 3 to reduce switching frequency of MOS-FET 3.

Abstract: A switching power source comprises a current comparator 27 for comparing a voltage level of signals acquired by a current detector 9 with a reference voltage level VDT to produce detection signals VCP of first or second level L or H; an edge detector 28a for sensing an edge of drive signal VG supplied to a gate terminal of MOS-FET 3 during the period of transition from turning on to off of MOS-FET 3; and a decision means 28b for receiving a current detection signal VCP from current comparator 27 to produce an output signal VLD when edge detector 28a catches an edge of drive signal VG; wherein decision means 28b produces different output signals VLD of respectively first and second voltage levels L and H under the light and heavy load conditions to precisely and certainly detect on the primary side of transformer 2 the load condition on the secondary side of transformer 2 for improvement in conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A switching power source comprises a current comparator 27 for comparing a voltage level of signals acquired by a current detector 9 with a reference voltage level VDT to produce detection signals VCP of first or second level L or H; an edge detector 28a for sensing an edge of drive singal VG supplied to a gate terminal of MOS-FET 3 during the period of transition from turning on to off of MOS-FET 3; and a decision means 28b for receiving a current detection signal VCP from current comparator 27 to produce an output signal VLD when edge detector 28a catches an edge of drive signal VG; wherein decision means 28b produces different output signals VLD of respectively first and second voltage levels L and H under the light and heavy load conditions to precisely and certainly detect on the primary side of transformer 2 the load condition on the secondary side of transformer 2 for improvement in conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A control circuit 8 of a switching power source comprises a voltage detector 31 for detecting a voltage VDC of a DC power supply 1 to produce a detection voltage VDT; a comparator 41 for producing an output signal VCP when detection voltage VDT from voltage detector 31 exceeds a reference voltage VR2; a bottom voltage detector 51 for detecting a bottom point of voltage VDS across a MOS-FET 3 after energy has been discharged from transformer 2; and a switching controller 61 for selectively turning MOS-FET 3 on depending on existence or absence of the output signal VCP from comparator 41. When the input voltage VDC from DC power supply 1 so rises that detection voltage VDT of voltage detector 31 is above the reference voltage VR2, switching controller 61 serves to late turn MOS-FET 3 on at the time bottom voltage detector 51 detects the second or later bottom point of the voltage VDS across MOS-FET 3, extending the off period of MOS-FET 3 to reduce switching frequency of MOS-FET 3.

Abstract: A transformer has a primary winding connected between a pair of d.c. input terminals via an on-off switch, and a secondary winding connected between a pair of d.c. output terminals via a rectifying and smoothing circuit. The output voltage applied from the rectifying and smoothing circuit to the load is held constant by switching the input voltage through feedback control. For intermittently operating the switch under light load, a sawtooth generator circuit is provided which provides a sawtooth voltage having a frequency less than that of the on-off operation of the switch. The sawtooth voltage is compared with a voltage indicative of the magnitude of a current flowing through the switch. The result of this comparison is utilized for modifying the delivery of switching pulses to the switch.

Abstract: A transformer has a primary winding connected between a pair of d.c. input terminals via an on-off switch, and a secondary winding connected between a pair of d.c. output terminals via a rectifying and smoothing circuit. The output voltage applied from the rectifying and smoothing circuit to the load is held constant by switching the input voltage through feedback control. The switch is driven in either of two different prescribed modes depending upon whether the converter is under normal or light load. In order to ascertain the load magnitude a flyback period determination circuit is connected to a tertiary winding of the transformer for providing a signal indicative of a flyback period during which a flyback voltage exists across the transformer tertiary after the switch is turned off each time. Each flyback period is compared with two different reference periods of time for hysteretic determination of whether the converter is under normal or light load. Several other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A transformer has a primary winding connected between a pair of d.c. input terminals via an on-off switch, and a secondary winding connected between a pair of d.c. output terminals via a rectifying and smoothing circuit. The output voltage applied from the rectifying and smoothing circuit to the load is held constant by switching the input voltage through feedback control. For intermittently operating the switch under light load, a sawtooth generator circuit is provided which provides a sawtooth voltage having a frequency less than that of the on-off operation of the switch. The sawtooth voltage is compared with a voltage indicative of the magnitude of a current flowing through the switch. The result of this comparison is utilized for modifying the delivery of switching pulses to the switch.

Abstract: A transformer has a primary winding connected between a pair of d.c. input terminals via an on-off switch, and a secondary winding connected between a pair of d.c. output terminals via a rectifying and smoothing circuit. The output voltage applied from the rectifying and smoothing circuit to the load is held constant by switching the input voltage through feedback control. The switch is driven in either of two different prescribed modes depending upon whether the converter is under normal or light load. In order to ascertain the load magnitude a flyback period determination circuit is connected to a tertiary winding of the transformer for providing a signal indicative of a flyback period during which a flyback voltage exists across the transformer tertiary after the switch is turned off each time. Each flyback period is compared with two different reference periods of time for hysteretic determination of whether the converter is under normal or light load. Several other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is halogen, lower alkoxy or lower alkylthio,Y is hydrogen or chloro,R.sub.1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cyanomethyl, phenyl or benzyl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 .about.C.sub.7 - alkyl, C.sub.3 .about.C.sub.6 - cycloalkyl, lower alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxyphenyl, furyl, thienyl or benzyl andn=1 or 2with a proviso that X and Y are not chloro at the same time, a fungicidal or bactericidal composition containing said compound as an effective component, a method for preventing diseases of agricultural or horticultural plant and a method for manufacturing said compound.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is halogen, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, nitro or methyl,Y is hydrogen or chloro,R is hydrogen, lower alkyl or allyl,Z is hydrogen, lower alkyl halogen, nitro, methoxy, methylthio, methylsulfonyl, --CF.sub.3, phenyl, phenoxy or lower alkoxycarbonyl andn is integer of 1-3, their use as fungicide or bactericides.

Abstract: Disclosed is the compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen, sulfur or ##STR2## R.sub.1 is 3-pyridyl or 4-pyridyl, R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 .about.C.sub.12 -alkyl; C.sub.3 - or C.sub.4 -alkenyl; C.sub.5 - or C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl which may be substituted by C.sub.1 - or C.sub.2 -alkyl; pyridyl; pyridylmethyl; phenethyl cyanoalkyl having 1 or 2 carbon atoms; methoxyethyl; 1-methylmethoxypropyl; phenyl; phenyl which is substituted by one or more of C.sub.1 .about.C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 .about.C.sub.4 -alkoxy, nitro, halogen, trifluoromethyl, allyl and methoxycarbonyl; benzyl; benzyl which is substituted by one or more of methyl, nitro, methoxy and chloro; .alpha.-methylbenzyl; C.sub.1 .about.C.sub.6 -alkyl which is substituted by halogen when X is oxygen or ##STR3## C.sub.2 - or C.sub.3 -alkyl which is substituted by dimethylamino, furfuryl or thienylmethyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 .about.C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyanomethyl, methoxycarbonylmethyl, or 1-propoxycarbonylmethyl. These compounds are bactericides.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel derivatives of N,N-substituted azolecarboxamide represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group or propyl group; R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group; A represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group; X and Y represent respectively a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, provided that when X represents a nitrogen atom, Y represents a nitrogen atom or carbon atom and when X represents a carbon atom, Y represents a nitrogen atom; and Z represents an oxygen atom or sulfur atom, provided that when Z represents a sulfur atom, A represents only a hydrogen atom; and an agricultural or horticultural fungicidal or nematicidal composition containing the novel derivative of the formula (I) as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## Wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylsulfonyloxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preparation methods thereof, and use thereof as a fungicide and for regulating the growth of plants.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, acetyl or alkoxycarbonyl having 1-3 carbon atoms of the alkoxy, R.sub.2 is alkyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonylmethyl having 1-12 carbon atoms of the alkoxy, benzyl, 2-pyridyl, cyclohexyl phenyl or phenyl substituted by one or two members selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1-3 carbon atoms, halogen and nitro, and n is 0 or 1, with the proviso that when n is one, R.sub.1 represents acetyl exclusively, and use thereof as a fungicide.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, lower alkylsulfonyl or lower alkylcarbamoyl, R.sub.2 is phenyl; phenyl substituted by one or more members selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, lower alkoxycarbonyl, halogen, formyl, cyano, thiocyano, nitro, lower alkylsulfinyl, lower alkylsulfonyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, acetylamino or phenyl; or naphthyl, with the proviso that when R.sub.1 is hydrogen or lower alkylcarbonyl, R.sub.2 is the said substituted phenyl or naphthyl, and use thereof as a fungicide.