Abstract: A semiconductor package including a leadframe has a plurality of leads, and a semiconductor die including bond pads attached to the leadframe with the bond pads electrically coupled to the plurality of leads. The semiconductor die includes a substrate having a semiconductor surface including circuitry having nodes coupled to the bond pads. A mold compound encapsulates the semiconductor die. The mold compound is interdigitated having alternating extended mold regions over the plurality of leads and recessed mold regions in between adjacent ones of the plurality of leads.

Abstract: A light receiver for detecting incident time is installed on the side of a radiation source of a scintillator (including a Cherenkov radiation emitter), and information (energy, incident time, an incident position, etc.) on radiation made incident into the scintillator is obtained by the output of the light receiver. It is, thereby, possible to identify an incident position and others of radiation into the scintillator at high accuracy.

Abstract: This aims to provide a DOI type radiation detector in which scintillation crystals arranged two-dimensionally on a light receiving surface to form rectangular section groups in extending directions of the light receiving surface of a light receiving element are stacked up to make a three-dimensional arrangement and responses of the crystals that have detected radiation are made possible to identify at response positions on the light receiving surface, so that a three-dimensional radiation detection position can be obtained. In the DOI type radiation detector, scintillation crystals are right triangle poles extending upwards from the light receiving surface and the response positions on the light receiving surface are characterized. With this structure, DOI identification of a plurality of layers can be carried out by simply performing an Anger calculation of a light receiving element signal.

Abstract: Upon detection of radiation by using a (three-dimensional) detector capable of distinguishing a detection position in a depth direction and energy, an energy window for distinguishing between a signal and noise is changed depending on the detection position in the depth direction, thus making it possible to obtain scattering components inside the detector. Alternatively, a weight is given to a detection event depending on the detection position in the depth direction and energy information to obtain scattering components inside the detector. Thereby, scattering components inside the detector can be obtained to increase the sensitivity of the detector. In this case, different detecting elements can be used depending on the detection position in the depth direction.

Abstract: In a DOI radiation detector, scintillation crystals are arranged in three dimensions on a light receiving surface of a light receiving element, and a response of a crystal having detected a radiation ray can be identified on the light receiving surface. Thereby, a position at which the radiation ray is detected is determined in three dimensions. In this DOI radiation detector, regular triangular prism scintillation crystals are used, and response positions of the respective crystals are shifted for each set. This allows crystal identification without loss even with a structure such as a three-layer or six-layer structure hard to achieve by a quadrangular prism scintillation crystal.

Abstract: This aims to provide a DOI type radiation detector in which scintillation crystals arranged two-dimensionally on a light receiving surface to form rectangular section groups in extending directions of the light receiving surface of a light receiving element are stacked up to make a three-dimensional arrangement and responses of the crystals that have detected radiation are made possible to identify at response positions on the light receiving surface, so that a three-dimensional radiation detection position can be obtained. In the DOI type radiation detector, scintillation crystals are right triangle poles extending upwards from the light receiving surface and the response positions on the light receiving surface are characterized. With this structure, DOI identification of a plurality of layers can be carried out by simply performing an Anger calculation of a light receiving element signal.

Abstract: A light receiver for detecting incident time is installed on the side of a radiation source of a scintillator (including a Cherenkov radiation emitter), and information (energy, incident time, an incident position, etc.) on radiation made incident into the scintillator is obtained by the output of the light receiver. It is, thereby, possible to identify an incident position and others of radiation into the scintillator at high accuracy.

Abstract: A positron emission tomography (PET) scanner is provided which uses information on the time-of-flight difference (TOF) between annihilation radiations for image reconstruction. The scanner has detection time correction information (memory) corresponding to information on coordinates in a radiation detection element (e.g., scintillator crystal), in the depth and lateral directions, at which an interaction has occurred between an annihilation radiation and the crystal. Reference is made to the detection time correction information, thereby providing information on time-of-flight difference with improved accuracy. As such, an improved signal to noise ratio and spatial resolution are provided for image reconstruction using time-of-flight (TOF) difference.

Abstract: Upon detection of radiation by using a (three-dimensional) detector capable of distinguishing a detection position in a depth direction and energy, an energy window for distinguishing between a signal and noise is changed depending on the detection position in the depth direction, thus making it possible to obtain scattering components inside the detector. Alternatively, a weight is given to a detection event depending on the detection position in the depth direction and energy information to obtain scattering components inside the detector. Thereby, scattering components inside the detector can be obtained to increase the sensitivity of the detector. In this case, different detecting elements can be used depending on the detection position in the depth direction.

Abstract: A positron emission tomography (PET) scanner is provided which uses information on the time-of-flight difference (TOF) between annihilation radiations for image reconstruction. The scanner has detection time correction information (memory) corresponding to information on coordinates in a radiation detection element (e.g., scintillator crystal), in the depth and lateral directions, at which an interaction has occurred between an annihilation radiation and the crystal. Reference is made to the detection time correction information, thereby providing information on time-of-flight difference with improved accuracy. As such, an improved signal to noise ratio and spatial resolution are provided for image reconstruction using time-of-flight (TOF) difference.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To provide a scintillator responding to high counting rate sustaining high-speed and high detection efficiency of BaF2 and to provide a radiation detection device with high time resolution by using the scintillator. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A specified amount of rare earth element (Eu) is doped into BaF2 to reduce long decay lifetime component (600 to 620 nm), leaving fast decaying component (0.6 to 0.8 ns) of BaF2 luminescence unchanged. The present invention is a high counting rate scintillator for detecting radiation comprising BaF2 doped with rare earth elements (Eu), wherein the doping amount is in the range of 0.02 to 1.0 mol %.

Abstract: To present a scintillation crystal containing a fluorescent component with excellent luminous efficiency and short decay time while the wavelength of the emitted light being in the visible light region or very near the visible light region and a radiation detection device using the scintillation crystal having an excellent timing resolution capability. Barium chloride (BaCl2) is used as the scintillation crystal. A radiation detection device comprising a barium chloride (BaCl2) crystal as a scintillator and a photomultiplier tube to receive the light from the scintillator wherein the wavelength of the light emitted from the scintillator is between 250 nm and 350 nm and the scintillator is located in a low humidity atmosphere.

Abstract: This invention provides a radiation detector using a scintillator having both a strong luminescence intensity and a short time constant. The radiation detector comprises as a scintillator an organic/inorganic perovskite hybrid compound represented by the general formula AMX3, wherein A is R—NH3 or R?—NH2, or a mixture thereof, R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group which may be substituted by an amino group or a halogen atom, R? is a methylene group which may be substituted by an amino group or a halogen atom, each X is a halogen atom that may be identical to or different from the other X groups, and M is a Group IVa metal, Eu, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn or Pd.

Abstract: A gamma ray detector having a very high time resolution. By using CsBr (cesium bromide) as a scintillator crystal and a MCP built-in photoelectron multiplier tube as a photoelectron multiplier, much larger time resolution are obtained in detecting gamma rays than conventional detectors.

Abstract: This invention is a positron emission tomography (PET) device comprising as a scintillator a perovskite organic/inorganic hybrid compound selected from the group represented by the general formulae: (R1—NR113)2MX4 or (R2—NR12)2MX4, (NR133—R3—NR133)MX4, or (NR142?R4?NR142)MX4, or AMX3. When used as a scintillator, the perovskite organic/inorganic hybrid compound emits visible light with a very fast (subnanosecond order) response, allowing for improved resolution and time-of-flight PET methods.

Abstract: As the response speed of the scintillator used in the prior art positron emission tomography device was extremely limited, there was a limit to the resolution of the positron emission tomography device. To resolve this problem, it was considered that the scintillator should have a response speed of approx. 10−10 seconds (0.1 ns). If such a scintillator can be manufactured, a time-of-flight PET can be realized.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radiation detection device for detecting ionizing beam discharges such as gamma rays, x-rays, electron beams, charged particle beams and neutral particle beams. Specifically, it relates to a radiation detection device which can measure radiations which exist for a very short time (of the order of subnanoseconds or less) from the appearance of photoemission to extinction.

Abstract: This invention provides a radiation detector using a scintillator having both a strong luminescence intensity and a short time constant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radiation detection device for detecting ionizing beam discharges such as gamma rays, x-rays, electron beams, charged particle beams and neutral particle beams. Specifically, it relates to a radiation detection device which can measure radiations which exist for a very short time (of the order of subnanoseconds or less) from the appearance of photoemission to extinction.

Abstract: A telephone line-switching device comprises first and second switches that interlock and a lock plate extending between the two switches. The push member of the first switch has a cam with which the lock plate usually engages. The push member of the second switch has an inclined portion on which the lock plate always bears. As the push member of the second switch is depressed, the inclined portion horizontally moves the lock plate, permitting the lock plate to disengage from the cam to release the first switch.