Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which comprises a substrate and a magnetic layer comprising magnetic powder and a resinous binder formed on the substrate, characterized in that the magnetic layer further comprises a lubricant and an unsaturated fatty acid ester, which is improved in durability.

Abstract: An apparatus for reverse redrawing of a cup is provided with an annular ring surrounding the upper end periphery of body portion of a die ring, provided concentrically with the die ring, a slightly larger clearance than the wall thickness of the cup to be redrawn being provided between the inside surface of the annular ring and the outside surface of the die ring.

Abstract: In a memory type insulated gate field effect semiconductor device including a semiconductor layer of one conductivity type, a source region of the opposite conductivity type formed in the surface of the semiconductor layer, a drain region of the opposite conductivity type formed in the surface of the semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer affixed to the surface of the semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode deposited on the surface of the gate insulating layer, the gate insulating layer has a pair of thick gate guarding portions which exist on side of the source and drain regions, and a thin memory portion intermediate between the thick gate guarding portions, and a surface impurity concentration per square centimeter of the semiconductor layer under the thick gate guarding portions is different from a surface impurity concentration per square centimeter of the semiconductor layer under the tin memory portion.