Abstract: There is provided a musical tone control apparatus that enables a user to easily play a musical instrument without spoiling the user's feeling that he is actually playing a musical instrument. A storage device stores musical piece data containing interval data indicative of intervals of musical tones constituting a musical piece. A motion of an operator is detected. A controller provides control so as to instruct a musical tone output device capable of outputting musical tones to adopt the intervals as one of characteristic amounts relating to musical tones to be output from the musical tone output device, according to the interval data, and instruct the musical tone output device to adopt at least one of the characteristic amounts other than the intervals according to the detected motion of the operator.

Abstract: A charged particle beam exposure method includes the steps of creating dot pattern data indicative of a pattern to be exposed, storing the dot pattern data in a first storage device having a first access speed, transferring the dot pattern data from the first storage device to a second storage device having a second, higher access speed, reading the dot pattern data out from the second storage device, and producing a plurality of charged particle beams in response to the dot pattern data read out from the second storage device by means of a blanking aperture array, wherein the blanking aperture array includes a plurality of apertures each causing turning-on and turning-off of a changed particle beam pertinent to the aperture in response to the dot pattern data.

Abstract: A charged particle beam exposure method including the steps of creating dot pattern data indicative of a pattern to be exposed, storing the dot indicative of a pattern to be exposed, storing the dot pattern data in a first storage device having a first access speed, transferring the dot pattern data from the first storage device to a second storage device having a second, higher access speed, reading the dot pattern data out from the second storage device; and producing a plurality of charged particle beams in response to the dot pattern data read out from the second storage device by means of a blanking aperture array. The blanking aperture array includes a plurality of apertures each causing turning-on and turning-off of a changed particle beam pertinent to the aperture in response to the dot pattern data.

Abstract: A thermal energy conversion device includes a heat converter composed of a medium containing portion (10) that does not substantially change in capacity and a variable portion (11) that is changeable in capacity, an operating portion composed of a piston (13), a pivot lever (15), and a driving lever (16), a first conversion and storage portion formed of a movement barrel (21), and a second conversion and storage portion formed of a power generator (30). When the ambient temperature changes, heating medium contained in the medium containing portion (10) changes in volume, and the capacity of the variable portion (11) is changed, thereby operating the piston (13). Motion of the piston (13) is stored in a mainspring disposed in the movement barrel (21) via the pivot lever (15) and the driving lever (16), and power is generated in the power generator (30).

Abstract: A terminal unit includes a body unit and a display panel unit which is attached to the body unit in a manner in which an inclination angle of the display unit can be changed. The display panel unit has a shaft. The body unit has a shaft supporting portion which has a cut-out having an entrance portion. The shaft is caused to pass through the entrance portion of the cut-out of the shaft supporting portion and is fitted into a depth portion of the cut-out, the display panel unit thus being attached to the body unit. The direction in which force is applied to the shaft when the display panel unit is operated is different from the center line of the cut-out by a predetermined angle.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a field emission device. The method having the steps of preparing a field emitter array having a plurality of electron emitting elements made of conductive material capable of emitting electrons upon application of an electric field, and impinging particle beams upon the plurality of electron emitting elements at the same time to mill a tip of each electron emitting element and form a sharp tip.

Abstract: By constituting a MR head with a pair of magnet films defining a recess on a lower gap layer, the recess having generally an inverted trapezoid shape in cross section; a magnetoresistive film covering a bottom and side wall of the recess and partial upper surfaces of the pair of magnet films; and a pair of electrically conductive films formed on the magnet films and being in contact with said magnetoresistive film only at a position outside of the recess, it becomes possible to reduce a variation in reading track widths of MR heads even under mass production.

Abstract: A display device includes a display portion and a tilt mechanism. The tilt mechanism can be rotated around a rotation center and the display device can be installed on and removed from an external device such as a keyboard, bar code reader and a POS terminal. The display device may include a fixing member, used for fixing the display device to the external device, provided with the tilt mechanism.

Abstract: A method for exposing an exposure pattern on an object by a charged particle beam, including the steps of: shaping a charged particle beam into a plurality of charged particle beam elements in response to first bitmap data indicative of an exposure pattern, such that the plurality of charged particle beam elements are selectively turned off in response to the first bitmap data; focusing the charged particle beam elements upon a surface of an object; and scanning the surface of the object by the charged particle beam elements; the step of shaping including the steps of: expanding pattern data of said exposure pattern into second bitmap data having a resolution of n times (n.gtoreq.2) as large as, and m times (m.gtoreq.

Abstract: The present invention provides a golf club head comprising: a face section made of a low specific gravity metal not higher than 5; and a back face section made of a clad material in which the low specific gravity metal and a high specific gravity metal not lower than 7 are metallurgically bonded to each other in advance, wherein the low specific gravity metal of the face section and the low specific gravity metal of the clad material are integrally joined to each other by welding so as to form a club head. In this case, the methods of welding of TIG, plasma arc and laser beams are used in which a U-shaped and/or V-shaped groove is formed. In this golf club head, it is possible to improve the mechanical strength of the joint portion, and it is also possible to produce the golf club head in a short period of time.

Abstract: A device exposing a wafer to charged-particle beams in an exposure process generates a plurality of micro beams and controls deflection of each of the micro beams, relative to whether or not the micro beams reach the wafer, in accordance with control data. A data processing unit inserts data-position-adjustment data into the control data for each exposure. A first data-storage unit stores the control data, inserted with the data-position-adjustment data, and outputs the control data at a time of the exposure process. Storage positions of the control data in the first data-storage unit are adjusted by the data-position-adjustment data so that the control data can be continuously read from the first data-storage unit for maintaining a continuous exposure process.

Abstract: Before figure data are expanded into a bitmap, a checksum is calculated in unit of bitmap data corresponding to a cell stripe of scanning over which continuous exposure is possible. When the checksum is calculated after expanding the data into the bitmap, the interim calculation result of refocus values is used. In exposure, exposing k number of sub rectangular areas by repeating a sub scanning k number of times, jumping a deflection by a main deflector toward an center of remaining sub rectangular areas whose number is (p-k) inside a main rectangular areas and exposing remained (p-k) number of the sub rectangular areas by repeating the sub scanning (p-k) times after the jumping is settled. In an amplifier & low pass filter for supplying a drive voltage to a sub deflector, the cutoff frequency is lowed during flyback in a sawtooth waveform without changing an amplification factor.

Abstract: A cell holder unit includes a cell holder in which a cell is removably set, having a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively in contact with electrodes of the cell set therein, a dummy cell which can be set in another cell holder, having a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively in contact with electrodes of the other cell holder when the dummy cell is set in the other cell holder, and a connecting mechanism which electrically connects the first and second electrodes of the cell holder and the first and second electrodes of the dummy cell respectively.

Abstract: A charged particle beam exposure method including steps of creating dot pattern data indicative of a pattern to be exposed, storing the dot pattern data in a first storage device having a first access speed, transferring the dot pattern data from the first storage device to a second storage device having a second, higher access speed, reading the dot pattern data out from the second storage device, and producing a plurality of charged particle beams in response to the dot pattern data read out from the second storage device by means of a blanking aperture array. The blanking aperture array includes a plurality of apertures each causing turning-on and turning-off of a changed particle beam pertinent to the aperture in response to the dot pattern data.

Abstract: A method for providing charged particle beam exposure onto an object having a plurality of chip areas with a plurality of aligning marks formed in correspondence to each of said chip areas. A charged particle beam is irradiated upon an object mounted on a mobile step based upon positions of the aligning marks. Actual positions of the alignment marks are detected and compared to the design positions of the alignment marks to determine approximate relationships which are used to calculate an actual position to perform exposure.

Abstract: A charged particle beam exposure method including the steps of creating dot pattern data indicative of a pattern to be exposed, storing the dot indicative of a pattern to be exposed, storing the dot pattern data in a first storage device having a first access speed, transferring the dot pattern data from the first storage device to a second storage device having a second, higher access speed, reading the dot pattern data out from the second storage device; and producing a plurality of charged particle beams in response to the dot pattern data read out from the second storage device by means of a blanking aperture array. The blanking aperture array includes a plurality of apertures each causing turning-on and turning-off of a changed particle beam pertinent to the aperture in response to the dot pattern data.

Abstract: Adjusting variable delay circuit 311, receiving signal S1, is connected to the input of drive circuit 312. A time point t1, when the output potential of drive circuit 312 traverses reference potential VA between the potential Va of traveling wave V1F of the output potential and 0 V, is detected by comparator 52 for detecting the front edge of V1F, detecting variable delay circuit 50 for delaying signal S1 and D flip-flop 51 for holding the output of comparator 52 at the timing of front edge of the signal outputted from delay circuit 50. A time point t2, when the output potential of drive circuit 312 traverses reference potential VB between the superimposed potential of traveling wave V1F and reflected wave V1B and VA, is detected by comparator 62 for detecting the front edge of V1B, detecting variable delay circuit 60 for delaying signal S1 and D flip-flop 61 for holding the output of comparator 62 at the timing of front edge of the signal outputted from delay circuit 60.

Abstract: Before figure data are expanded into a bitmap, a checksum is calculated in unit of bitmap data corresponding to a cell stripe of scanning over which continuous exposure is possible. When the checksum is calculated after expanding the data into the bitmap, the interim calculation result of refocus values is used. In exposure, exposing k number of sub rectangular areas by repeating a sub scanning k number of times, jumping a deflection by a main deflector toward an center of remaining sub rectangular areas whose number is (p-k) inside a main rectangular areas and exposing remained (p-k) number of the sub rectangular areas by repeating the sub scanning (p-k) times after the jumping is settled. In an amplifier & low pass filter for supplying a drive voltage to a sub deflector, the cutoff frequency is lowed during flyback in a sawtooth waveform without changing an amplification factor.

Abstract: By using a blanking aperture array BAA, the density of the bit map data in the portions where adjacent areas are linked is decreased toward the outside. On the lower surface of the holder of the BAA chip, a ball grid array wired to blanking electrodes is formed, to be pressed in contact against pads on a wiring base board. The registered bit map data for an isosceles right triangle are read out from address A=A0+?RA.multidot.i! (A0 and i are integers, ? ! is an operator for integerizing), masked, and then shifted by bits to be deformed. From registered bit map data for proximity effect correction, the area which corresponds to the size of the object of correction and the required degree of proximity affect correction is extracted, and logic operation with the bit map data of the object of correction is performed to achieve proximity affect correction.

Abstract: A display device includes a display portion and a tilt mechanism. The tilt mechanism can be rotated around a rotation center and the display device can be installed on and removed from an external device such as a keyboard, bar code reader and a POS terminal. The display device may include a fixing member, used for fixing the display device to the external device, provided with the tilt mechanism.