Abstract: A method for desulfurization of an exhaust gas by a solution containing a Mg-based desulfurizing agent, followed by an oxidation step, a double decomposition step, a separation step of separating a slurry of a mixture of Mg(OH).sub.2 and gypsum dihydrate obtained in the double decomposition step, a step of returning a Mg(OH).sub.2 slurry separated in the separation step to the desulfurization step, a step of treating a gypsum dihydrate slurry in the oxidation step to convert accompanying Mg(OH).sub.2 into MgSO.sub.

Abstract: A lubricant for metal working comprising a dicarboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (I) or its amine salt or its alkali metal salt and a sulfur extreme pressure agent: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for COOH or H; and R.sub.2 stands for H when R.sub.1 is COOH and COOH when R.sub.1 is H.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus for exposing a photosensitive material with image light. An optical modulation device is provided such that the intensity of image light made incident from one side of an optical modulator is modulated in correspondence with the intensity of the image light made incident from the other side of the optical modulator as well as a drive voltage to be applied, and the image light made incident from one side is made emergent from the optical modulator. Since the modulation of the intensity of the image light is effected by the optical modulator, the amount of exposure supplied to a printing paper is controlled in correspondence with the density distribution of the image on a negative film, and an image having appropriate contrast can be reproduced by effective use of the latitude of the printing paper.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has an arrangement of a plurality of pixel display regions each including a plurality of divided pixels, and is capable of effecting display with a large number of gray levels. Each of the divided pixels is displayed individually and selectively with at least two gray levels. The liquid crystal device further includes pixel electrodes for individually and selectively enabling the divided pixels, and a gray level setting circuit for controlling the sum of the areas of the enabled divided pixels, thereby setting the gray levels of the pixels. In this device, one pixel display region includes n divided pixels and if each pixel can be displayed with m gray levels, the areas of the pixels are set to form a geometric progression using m as a common ratio, whereby display with m.sup.n gray levels for one display region can be effected with high precision.

Abstract: An image exposure apparatus and method generates a first optical image light and a second optical image light. The first optical image is input to a read side of a spatial light modulating element, and the second optical image light is input to a write side of the spatial light modulating element, so that the first optical image light is modulated by the second image light to be output from the read side again; and exposing the light sensitive material to the output image from the read side, that is the both images are combined, or the intensity of both image lights are modulated.

Abstract: To provide a photosensitive material exposure apparatus which is easy for soft focusing exposure. A liquid crystal light regulation member 72 capable of holding light transmission and scattering functions reversibly is disposed between a light source 54 and paper 12. Original image light from a negative film 10 is made to pass through the liquid crystal light regulation member 72, so that the paper 12 is exposed to the light which has passed through the liquid crystal light regulation member 72. The relation of haze (%) with the ratio B/A of the distance B between the liquid crystal light regulation member 72 and the paper 12 to the distance A between the negative film 10 and the paper 12 is represented by B/A<0.3-0.0025 H, preferably, B/A<0.3-0.0029 H. The light transmission and scattering functions can be held wholly or partly or for every pixel by controlling current conduction to electrodes, so that the liquid crystal light regulation member 72 can be made to serve as a soft focusing filter.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal display device comprising upper and lower substrates arranged opposite each other, each provided with electrodes on their respective surface, an insulating film formed on the electrodes on each substrate, an orientation film formed on the insulating film and subjected to a uniaxial orientation treatment, the orientation film with the same orientation direction on each of the two substrates, a liquid crystal composition with a chiral smectic C phase injected between the two substrates, drive means for switching an optical axis of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal composition by selectively applying a voltage to the electrodes, means for optically identifying the switching of the optical axis, in which when the drive means is operated, the liquid crystal composition can reverse its molecular direction near the substrate and show a chevron structure which bends in a dogleg shape as a layer structure when it shows the chiral smectic C phase wherein a bending direction of the

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a matrix of pixels includes first and second light-transmissive substrates layered so as to face each other, a plurality of belt-like row electrodes spaced in parallel to each other on the first substrate, a plurality of belt-like column electrodes spaced in parallel to each other on the second substrate, a first shading layer divided into a plurality of segments partially overlying the row electrodes, a second shading layer divided into a plurality of segments partially overlying the column electrodes, and liquid crystals interposed and sealed between the first and second substrates. Each of the segments of the first shading layer are shaped and positioned so as to be opposed to each space between the column electrodes, while each of the segments of the second shading layer are shaped and positioned so as to be opposed to each space between the row electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel comprises at least two base plates spaced by a sealant on the peripheral portion of the plates and liquid crystal in the space between the base plates. The liquid crystal contains a spacer of rigid particles and polymer particles having 10 to 30% by weight of an epoxy group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of transparent substrates with liquid crystal sealed therebetween. A first transparent conductive film is selectively formed on at least one of the two transparent substrates. A colored light-transmitting member is formed on the first transparent conductive film, and second transparent conductive film covers the colored light-transmitting member and is made to contact the first transparent conductive film at the area where the colored light-transmitting member is not formed.

Abstract: A virtual stereographic display system which includes a display image surface, a polarizer disposed before the display image surface, a liquid crystal cell in which ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal is aligned, and disposed before the polarizer, a driving circuit connected to the liquid crystal cell so as to apply AC voltage synchronized with the frame signal of the image on the display image surface to the liquid crystal cell and to switch over the polarization axes of the display light proceeding from the display image surface through the polarizer and liquid crystal cell by time division, and polarizing glasses having different polarization axes for the left eye and right eye for viewing the display light.

Abstract: A virtual stereographic display system which includes a display image surface, a polarizer disposed before the display image surface, a liquid crystal cell in which ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal is aligned, and disposed before the polarizer, a driving circuit connected to the liquid crystal cell so as to apply AC voltage synchronized with the frame signal of the image on the display image surface to the liquid crystal cell and to switch over the, polarization axes of the display light proceeding from the display image surface through the polarizer and liquid crystal cell by time division, and polarizing glasses having different polarization axes for the left eye and right eye for viewing the display light.

Abstract: A transmissive type liquid crystal display panel includes a liquid crystal cell including a liquid crystal material layer, a pair of polarizers between which the liquid crystal layer is disposed, for polarizing incident light, and an optical system disposed on a front surface of the display cell, for refracting light transmitted through the liquid crystal cell in an oblique direction having a good contrast image to an observer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with multiplex capability enhanced by decreasing the hysteresis characteristic of the liquid crystal. The hysteresis characteristic of the crystal is reduced by fixing an angle of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the range of 270 to 315 degrees, by setting a birefringence (.DELTA.N) of the host molecules at less than or equal to 0.14 and by having a crystal layer thickness (d) of less than or equal to 7 .mu.m (.DELTA.n.multidot.d<1 .mu.m).

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition contains a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are straight chain alkyl groups each having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: 3-SALICYLAMIDO AND 3-BENZOSALICYLAMIDO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLES ARE PROVIDED WHICH ARE USEFUL IN THE ENHANCEMENT OF THE RESISTANCES OF OLEFIN POLYMERS TO HEAVY METAL-CATALYZED OXIDATIVE DETERIORATION.Stabilizer compositions consisting essentially of at least one olefin polymer stabilizer and such amidotriazoles; olefin polymer compositions, such as propylene polymer compositions, containing such amidotriazoles and a process for enhancing the resistance of olefin polymers to copper-catalyzed degradation by incorporation of such amidotriazoles or such stabilizer compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Manila grass (also South Japanese grass; Zoysia matrella L.) usually completely withers at the leaf part in winter in an area where frost occurs. The present variety of Manila grass is characterized by the ability to maintain green leaves (evergreen) in a whole year, a trait which has not been observed in other Manila grass varieties.The general characteristics of the present variety include somewhat straight grasses, slender leaf blades, and vividly green leaves, as well as dense greens which can be maintained in all seasons. The variety is somewhat resistant to turfgrass rust disease and is also resistant to usual pests, thereby reducing the cost of pesticides. In addition, the frequency of sprinkling, fertilization, and trimming can be reduced, so that labor can be saved in cultivating the variety.