Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a polymer material that has a high refractive index and can be suitably used for applications such as optical applications. The present invention relates to the sulfur-containing polymer containing at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (1), a structural unit (B) represented by the following formula (2), and a structural unit (C) represented by the following formula (3); and a reactive functional group, wherein X1, X2, and X3 are the same as or different from each other and are each an optionally substituted divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: A polymer includes a repeating unit represented by at least one of Formula 1a or Formula 1b: wherein, in Formulae 1a or 1b, CY1 is a group represented by at least one of Formula 1-2 or Formula 1-4, CY2 is a group represented by Formula 1-3, and L1, L2, a1, and a2 are defined the same as in the specification, and in Formulae 1-2, Formula 1-3, or 1-4, X, Y, R1, R2, R11 to R14, b1, b2, R21, R22, b21, b22, Z1, Z2, c1, and c2 are defined the same as in the specification.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode material which is suitable for use as a material for forming electrodes for use in lithium ion secondary batteries, etc. and which makes it possible to heighten the rate characteristics of batteries. The electrode material is characterized by comprising a polymer having, in a side chain, a fluoflavin skeleton such as that shown by the formula and an inorganic active material, the polymer being contained in an amount of 1 mass % or less with respect to the solid components.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a polymeric material having reduced coloration in the visible light region, a high refractive index, and low optical dispersion. The present invention relates to a polymeric material having a sulfoxide structure in a main chain.

Abstract: A redox flow battery system includes a redox flow battery cell, a first circulation mechanism, and a second circulation mechanism. The redox flow battery cell includes a positive electrode chamber housing a positive electrode, a negative electrode chamber housing a negative electrode, and a separator separating the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber. The first circulation mechanism and the second circulation mechanisms circulate electrolytic solutions into the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber, respectively. The separator is a porous body. Each of the electrolytic solutions contains an active material and a mediator that has a diameter larger than pore distribution d50 of the separator.

Abstract: A polymer includes a repeating unit represented by at least one of Formula 1a or Formula 1b: wherein, in Formulae 1a or 1b, CY1 is a group represented by at least one of Formula 1-2 or Formula 1-4, CY2 is a group represented by Formula 1-3, and L1, L2, a1, and a2 are defined the same as in the specification, and in Formulae 1-2, Formula 1-3, or 1-4, X, Y, R1, R2, R11 to R14, b1, b2, R21, R22, b21, b22, Z1, Z2, c1, and c2 are defined the same as in the specification.

Abstract: Materials having charge-storing properties and made variously of dipyridine-fused benzoquinones of formula (1) below or derivatives thereof, dipyridine-fused benzoquinones of formula (4) below or derivatives thereof, or dipyridine-fused benzoquinone skeleton-containing polymers are provided. In the formulas, Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a pyridine ring that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton, or a derivative thereof. When used as electrode active materials, these charge storage materials are capable of providing high-performance batteries possessing a high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

Abstract: A fused-ring quinone-substituted polynorbornene has recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below. In formulas (1) and (2), A1 is independently a substituent of formula (3) or (4) below, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and A2 is a substituent of formula (5) or (6) below. In formulas (3) to (6), each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer has charge-storing properties and, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

Abstract: A ion-conductive fused-ring quinone polymer includes recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below wherein each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and A1 and A2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer is a material having charge-storing properties which, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

Abstract: In a secondary battery utilizing redox by a radical site, charge-discharge is carried out in such a manner that a lithium ion moves between a positive electrode and a negative electrode (rocking chair-type). An anion in an amount necessary for electrode doping during charge-discharge is made unnecessary, thereby reducing the amount of an electrolytic solution. A secondary battery with a large energy density is achieved. Provided is an electrode active material including at least one polymer including a radical site capable of being converted into a first cation, and an anion site capable of being bonded with the first cation or a second cation.

Abstract: A fused-ring quinone-substituted polynorbornene has recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below. In formulas (1) and (2), A1 is independently a substituent of formula (3) or (4) below, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and A2 is a substituent of formula (5) or (6) below. In formulas (3) to (6), each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer has charge-storing properties and, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

Abstract: A ion-conductive fused-ring quinone polymer includes recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below wherein each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and A1 and A2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer is a material having charge-storing properties which, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

Abstract: Materials having charge-storing properties and made variously of dipyridine-fused benzoquinones of formula (1) below or derivatives thereof, dipyridine-fused benzoquinones of formula (4) below or derivatives thereof, or dipyridine-fused benzoquinone skeleton-containing polymers are provided. In the formulas, Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a pyridine ring that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton, or a derivative thereof. When used as electrode active materials, these charge storage materials are capable of providing high-performance batteries possessing a high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radical composition capable of suppressing elution of electrode components in an electrolyte solution when used in an electrode for a secondary battery, and a battery using the radical composition. The present invention relates to a radical composition including a pyrroline nitroxide polymer and polyethylene glycols.

Abstract: A photoelectric element 1 includes a first electrode, an electron transport layer supporting a photosensitizer, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode, and these components are stacked in the above order. The electron transport layer is formed of an organic compound produced by electrolytic polymerization of a precursor having, within one molecule thereof, two or more moieties each having a structure represented by the following structural formula (1). The photoelectric element 1 includes a gel layer composed of the organic compound and an electrolyte solution infiltrated into the organic compound.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element (100) according to the present disclosure includes: a photoanode (15); a counter electrode (32); a solid compound layer (22) disposed between the photoanode (15) and the counter electrode (32); a charge storage electrode (55) disposed at an interspace from the counter electrode (32); and an electrolyte medium (24) being contained in the solid compound layer (22) and filling the interspace.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element (100) according to the present disclosure includes: a photoanode (15); a counter electrode (32); a solid compound layer (22) disposed between the photoanode (15) and the counter electrode (32); a charge storage electrode (55) disposed at an interspace from the counter electrode (32); and an electrolyte medium (24) being contained in the solid compound layer (22) and filling the interspace.

Abstract: An electrode for superoxide anions characterized by comprising a conductive component and, superimposed on a surface thereof, a film resulting from electrolytic polymerization of a metal thiofurylporphyrin/axial ligand complex; and a sensor for measuring a superoxide anion concentration including the same. The electrode for superoxide anions, by virtue of not only the excellent performance of electrode provided with the metal porphyrin complex polymer film, but also the presence of the axial ligand, can prevent poisoning by a catalyst poison such as hydrogen peroxide. Accordingly, in any of in vitro or in vivo environments, this electrode for superoxide anions enables detection of superoxide anion radicals without suffering any influence from a catalyst poison such as hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, quantitative assay of superoxide anions can be performed by the use of this electrode for superoxide anion in combination with a counter electrode or a reference electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode composite that has a reaction interface with a large area and can constitute a photoelectric element having high electron transport properties between the reaction interface and the electrode. The electrode composite of the present invention includes a first electrode and a conductive particle layer stacked on the first electrode. The conductive particle layer includes conductive particles containing acicular particles. The conductive particle layer has a three-dimensional porous network structure that is formed by the interconnection of the conductive particles. The three-dimensional network structure is joined to the first electrode. The conductive particle layer contains pores having a pore size of 50 nm or more in a total volume of 50% or more based on the volume of all pores in the conductive particle layer.

Abstract: A photoelectric element includes a first electrode; and a second electrode positioned so as to face the first electrode; and a semiconductor disposed on a face of the first electrode, the face being positioned so as to face the second electrode; and a photosensitizer carried on the semiconductor; and a first charge-transport layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a second charge-transport layer interposed between the first charge-transport layer and the second electrode. The first charge-transport layer and the second charge-transport layer contain different oxidation-reduction materials. The oxidation-reduction material in the first charge-transport layer has an oxidation-reduction potential higher than an oxidation-reduction potential of the oxidation-reduction material in the second charge-transport layer.