Abstract: A lens element has an annular flange portion which has a tapered lateral surface so as to form at least an annular clearance tapering from a rear edge thereof when it is received in a lens holder. An adhesive which is partly filled in the clearance curs in wedge-shape to secure the lens element to the lens holder, and besides forming wedges by which the lens element is forced and held in an axial direction so as thereby to prevent the lens element from falling out of the lens holder even if the adhesive exfoliates from either one or both of the lens element and the lens holder.

Abstract: A lens supporting frame is provided and includes a lens holder supporting a lens and a moving frame which is fitted to a cylindrical part of the lens holder to support the same. Ribs are provided at equal intervals in a rotation direction on a rear end face of the lens holder, the ribs having a plurality of inclined surfaces inclined respectively toward the front or rear ends of an optical axis. Abutting parts are provided on a rear end face of the moving frame so as to abut on the ribs. When the lens holder is rotated after mounting it in the moving frame, parts of the lens holder facing the abutting parts are moved in directions along the optical axis as a result of abutment between the inclined surfaces of the ribs and the abutting parts to change the inclination of the lens holder relative to the optical axis.

Abstract: A method serves to compose a VPN (Virtual Private Network) over a plurality of networks, each of which is managed by a different Internet Service Provider (ISP). When a packet with a first capsule header used for composing a VPN in a first ISP network is transmitted to a second ISP network, a route for outputting the packet to the second ISP network is determined based on the information both in the capsule header and in the IP header. In addition, a second capsule header used for composing a VPN in the second ISP network is determined based on the above information.

Abstract: The invention realizes defect indication on a multipoint logical path and switching of the logical path when the multipoint logical path is configured using a transfer protocol of configuring a logical path, typified by MPLS etc., in a ring network. Two routes of the multipoint logical paths, a working path and a backup path, are set up. Each of them not only transmits a frame transmitted from a transmitting end node to multicast receiving end nodes but also forwards the frame to the transmitting end node and terminates it also at the transmitting end node after making it go around the ring. Any node that detects a defect transmits a forward defect indication frame to a multipoint logical path in which the defect occurs. The transmitting end node having received the forward defect indication frame halts the use of the notified multipoint logical path, and transmits a frame in another path in which the forward defect indication frame is not received within a fixed time period.

Abstract: Disclosed herewith is a PON system and a bandwidth controlling method capable of controlling congestion with use of an upstream bandwidth in a PON section efficiently when congestion occurs in a gateway (GW) connected to an OLT. An OLT connected to a plurality of ONUs through a passive optical network (PON) and to a gateway (GW) through a communication line, when receiving a congestion occurrence notice indicating a congestion occurred output number from a GW, identifies the identifier of the ONU that is using a GW output line having the congestion output port number and shifts the bandwidth controlling of the PON section in a normal mode for allocating a bandwidth to each ONU normally to that in a bandwidth suppression mode for allocating a congestion time allowable bandwidth that is less than the current bandwidth to the ONU having the identified ONU identifier and a bandwidth to each of other ONUs according to its transmission queue length.

Abstract: The invention reduces the initial setting cost, the management cost, and reconfiguration cost of QoS guarantee for network devices. A management device has a control unit and the storage unit. The control unit obtains the number of terminals contained in the network system and connection relations of the network system at the time of initial setting for QoS guarantee. A control unit stores an operation policy which an administrator inputs. The control unit creates QoS control configuration for each connection path between adjacent two network devices using the number of terminals in the network system, the connection relations, and the operation policy. And QoS control configuration is the information for controlling the QoS guarantee of network devices. And the control unit sets the QoS control configuration in the network devices.

Abstract: An access node run as a packet switching apparatus enables IP connection services for a plurality of access methods; e.g., relatively low-speed IP connection, high-speed 1P connection, and mobile network IP connection. By using this apparatus of the present invention, cost can be reduced and upgrading to advanced access networks and access services is easily carried out. Provision of the above access nodes implements upgrade-type network services common for diverse protocols. Each access node retains a pathfinding table to which input port, input tunnel identifier and input session identifier entries in a set are registered per session. When routing a packet, by looking up the set of these entries matching with the packet, the associated output port, output tunnel identifier, and output session identifier are obtained. After processing for the packet, appropriate for one of the plurality of access methods and network services, the node forwards the packet over the routed path.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a semiconductor wafer is provided. The wafer has semiconductor chip regions, a scribing line region and a predetermined region. A passivation layer is formed on the wafer. A photoresist film is formed on the passivation layer. A first pattern in a reticle is transferred to a first portion of the photoresist film above the scribing line region. The first pattern is transferred to a second portion of the photoresist film above the predetermined region. The photoresist film is developed. The passivation layer is etched using the photoresist film as a mask. The wafer is diced along the scribing line region to form semiconductor chips and a piece. Each of the semiconductor chips corresponds to each of chip regions. The piece group includes a piece which corresponds to the predetermined region.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for use in fixed bandwidth communications and variable bandwidth communications. The transmission apparatus has a memory unit, which stores information contained in a frame and indicating the amount of data to be transmitted from a terminal device, a computing unit, which calculates a bandwidth amount to be assigned to the terminal device based on the data amount, and a transmission unit, which sends the calculated assigned bandwidth amount to the terminal device. The transmission apparatus is characterized in that the computing unit calculates bandwidth amounts to be assigned to different types of flow of which different transmission qualities are requested according to a priority level that is set to each flow type. The transmission apparatus is also characterized in that bandwidth is controlled by designating, instead of a necessary bandwidth amount, transmission starting timing and transmission ending timing, particularly for fixed bandwidth communication data.

Abstract: An access node run as a packet switching apparatus enables IP connection services for a plurality of access methods; e.g., relatively low-speed IP connection, high-speed IP connection, and mobile network IP connection. By using this apparatus of the present invention, cost can be reduced and upgrading to advanced access networks and access services is easily carried out. Provision of the above access nodes implements upgrade-type network services common for diverse protocols. Each access node retains a pathfinding table to which input port, input tunnel identifier and input session identifier entries in a set are registered per session. When routing a packet, by looking up the set of these entries matching with the packet, the associated output port, output tunnel identifier, and output session identifier are obtained. After processing for the packet, appropriate for one of the plurality of access methods and network services, the node forwards the packet over the routed path.

Abstract: An optical access system capable of avoiding cutoffs or interruption in the periodically transmitted signals that occur during the ranging time is provided. A first method to avoid signal cutoffs is to stop periodic transmit signals at the transmitter during the ranging period, and transmit all the periodic transmit signals together when the ranging ends, and buffer the signals at the receiver to prepare for ranging. A second method is to fix definite periods ahead of time for performing ranging, then cluster the multiple periodic transmit signals together in sets at the transmitter and send them, and then disassemble those sets back into signals at the receiver. The transmitting and receiving is then controlled so that the transmit periods do not overlap with the ranging periods. In this way an optical access system is provided that can send and receive signals requiring periodic transmissions without interruption even during ranging operation.

Abstract: To provide a disk apparatus that can enhance reliability of a head wiring and a driving wiring, a disk apparatus includes a head slider, an arm, a driving unit, a wiring body provided for supplying a head mounted on the head slider with a head current used for signal recording or reproduction with respect to a disk-like recording medium and supplying the driving unit with a driving current used to drive the arm to swing, and a lead-out terminal portion. The wiring body includes a flexure sheet provided in the arm so as to support the head slider, a head wiring provided so as to connect the head slider and the lead-out terminal portion by passing over the flexure sheet thereby to supply the head mounted on the head slider with the head current, and a driving wiring provided along the head wiring in an area ranging from a wiring connecting portion formed on a side of the flexure sheet opposite the head slider to the lead-out terminal portion thereby to supply the driving unit with the driving current.

Abstract: Traffic flowing through packet transmission equipment comes in countless variations ranging from traffic from harmless general users, to PC virus-infected users, and users with harmful intent. Transferring all of this traffic together through a module for monitoring causes a great loss in throughput and is an extremely inefficient way to handle general user traffic. After checking the module processing results, the system administrator can resolve this situation by changing each user's transfer module but making this setting manually is unwieldy and lacks flexibility. A security level can be set on table in the platform module linking each user to the destination application module. By dynamically changing this security level according to processing results in each module, each user's destination application module can be changed smoothly and flexibly.

Abstract: Provided is a packet transmitting apparatus included in a network, for transferring a frame in the network, including: a configuration managing module for setting a frame transfer function and a filtering function based on a configuration; a configuration setting module for providing an interface that accepts an instruction regarding the configuration for an administrator; and a configuration transmitting/receiving module for transmitting/receiving the configuration to/from another packet transmitting apparatus, in which the configuration transmitting/receiving module makes a request for the configuration to the another packet transmitting apparatus, receives the configuration from the another packet transmitting apparatus, and updates the configuration of this apparatus based on the received configuration, and the configuration managing module sets a filtering condition of a transfer frame based on the updated configuration.

Abstract: A packet forwarding apparatus and network system for providing different types of bandwidth control services to the user; in which a packet forwarding apparatus for transferring data comprises an interface unit for sending and receiving packets, and a traffic shaper for controlling the packet transmission timing and a packet switch for sending an output to the interface unit as the destination of the received packet; and the traffic shaper uses a token bucket algorithm when transmitting a packet to guarantee the minimum frame rate, and uses a leaky bucket algorithm when limiting the peak frame rate.

Abstract: An analysis unit which effectively detects incidents on the basis of events detected by a security unit such as an intrusion detection system (IDS) or a firewall (FW) installed in a network stores statistical information that is frequency-distributed information of event information obtained from the collection unit, frequency component information obtained by frequency-analyzing the statistical information and the result obtained by making analysis on the basis of the frequency component. The collection unit collects and normalizes event log information outputted by IDS or FW to be stored in an event database (DB). An alert notification unit includes an alert database (DB) for storing an alert instruction transmitted from the analysis unit and an alert notification destination and reports occurrence of incidents to a manager or the like in accordance with the instruction.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a slide-type mobile terminal having two slidable housings wherein a predetermined component mounted on one housing can be mounted without being limited by the thickness of the one housing. A mobile terminal includes an upper housing (1) and a lower housing (2) that can be mutually slid for enabling the mobile terminal to enter either of a closed state in which the upper housing (1) and the lower housing (2) overlap each other as a whole and an open state in which the upper housing (1) is slid with respect to the lower housing (2) from the closed state. The upper housing (1) has a camera section (6) having one part projected to the lower housing (2) and a different part embedded in the upper housing (1). The lower housing (2) has a concave part that can house the convex part of the camera section (6) when the mobile terminal is placed in the closed state from the open state.

Abstract: A head supporting device with a loading/unloading mechanism and a disk drive unit using the head supporting device. The head supporting device and a voice coil motor (VCM) make up a head actuator of the drive system. The head actuator has i) a support arm rotatable on a bearing, moving in directions along the radius of a recording medium and vertical to the surface of the medium; ii) a magnetically levitating head on a slider facing the medium; and iii) resilient member for applying force to the arm in a direction close to the medium. The VCM has a pair of yokes, a magnet, and a coil. When the head is lead to a head retracting position, the other end of the arm is pulled by the interaction of a magnetic member and the magnet at the resting position and adjacencies. This eases the load on the VCM, contributing to a compact and slim disk drive unit with toughness and rapid data-access.

Abstract: A biaxial hinge having a rotating mechanism that realizes durability, a good tactile feedback, smaller size and more lightweight is provided for use in a notebook computer or a portable telephone that needs to be smaller and more lightweight. The biaxial hinge is constituted such that a rotating shaft member 9 is fixed to a rotation support member 10, a rotation-side member 7 is inserted and attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft member 9, and an opening/closing torque unit mechanism 12 for opening and closing operations is disposed at the rotation-side member 7, wherein sliding friction torque and click torque are generated by the load produced by a coil spring 6 between pressing members 4 and the rotating shaft support member 10 or a sliding member 3 attached to the rotating shaft member 9. The rotating mechanism of the biaxial hinge of the present invention affords good durability, a good tactile feedback, and a reduction in size and weight.

Abstract: A communication system includes a control unit, a switch and a diversity hand-over processing unit connected to the control unit and the switch for receiving both a first communication signal received from a radio base station which outputs the hand-over instruction, and a second communication signal received from another radio base station to which the communication signal will be hand-over so as to output one of the first and second communication signals to the associated interface circuit. The diversity hand-over processing unit transmits the communication signal received through the radio base station from the mobile station on the reception side for communication to both the interface circuit associated with the radio base station as a source of hand-over and the interface circuit associated with the radio base station as a destination of hand-over.