Abstract: The present disclosure appropriately shortens a processing step for processing a substrate in which a silicon layer and a silicon germanium layer are alternatively laminated. The present disclosure provides a substrate processing method of processing the substrate in which the silicon layer and the silicon germanium layer are alternatively laminated, which includes forming an oxide film by selectively modifying a surface layer of an exposed surface of the silicon germanium layer by using a processing gas including fluorine and oxygen and converted into plasma.

Abstract: A dehydration method is a dehydration method for selectively separating water from a mixture that contains water, and the method includes a step of supplying the mixture to a supply side space of a separation membrane, and a step of making a pressure difference between the supply side space and a permeation side space of the separation membrane. The separation membrane includes a first zeolite membrane that faces the permeation side space and is constituted by a first zeolite and a second zeolite membrane that faces the supply side space and is adjacent to the first zeolite membrane. The second zeolite membrane is constituted by a second zeolite that has the same framework structure as framework of the first zeolite and has a lower Si/Al atom ratio than a Si/Al atom ratio of the first zeolite.

Abstract: Provided is a PSA sheet having a PSA layer. The PSA layer includes a layer A forming at least one surface thereof. The PSA sheet has an adhesive strength N0 of 2.0 N/10 mm or greater, after one day at room temperature following application of the layer A side to a surface of an alkaline float glass plate as an adherend having a contact angle of 5°-10° with distilled water; has an N1 to N0 reduction rate of 30% or lower, wherein N1 is a water-resistant adhesive strength measured after stored at room temperature for one day, immersed in water for 30 minutes, taken out from the water and then residual water is wiped off, and has an N2 to N0 reduction rate of 40% or higher, wherein N2 is a water-peel strength measured after stored at room temperature for one day, 20 ?L distilled water is dropped onto the adherend and is allowed to enter a PSA layer/adherend interfacial edge. N2 is measured at a tensile speed of 300 mm/min at a peel angle of 180°.

Abstract: An aircraft light is provided which can illuminate an illuminated area with appropriate levels of illuminance. An aircraft light is configured, including: at least one or more light-emitting elements as light sources; and an inner lens configured to project light emitted from the light-emitting elements onto a desired area, in which the inner lens has a lens that splits light of a single light-emitting element in different directions. According to this aspect, both a far illuminated area and a near illuminated area can be illuminated, and the luminous intensity can also be adjusted by adjusting the amount of a beam to be split; therefore, an illuminated area can be illuminated with appropriate levels of illuminance.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus in which, while image formation is prevented from being performed, scattered toner that has dropped from a filter and adhered to an outer peripheral surface of a developer carrying member is recovered. A fixed magnet of the developer carrying member has a first pole that is arranged to face the filter, and a second pole and a third pole on a downstream side relative to the first pole. The first pole and the second pole have polarities opposite to each other, and the second pole and the third pole have a same polarity. A length of a gap between the developing container and an area where the developing sleeve faces the second pole among areas of the developing sleeve is smaller than a length between the developing sleeve and the filter.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus selects at least one oncoming vehicle and sets the selected oncoming vehicle as a control target vehicle when an own vehicle turns right or left in a traffic intersection, acquires a first index value which represents a collision probability, and executes a collision avoiding control when the first index value satisfies a predetermined condition. The vehicle control apparatus calculates a second index value which represents a degree of turning of the own vehicle, moves an area used to select the control target vehicle toward the own vehicle in an opposite direction to a turning direction of the own vehicle as the second index value increases, and selects, as the control target vehicle, the oncoming vehicle which has been in the area for a predetermined time threshold or more.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus that is capable of carrying out a scattered-toner recovery mode in which, while image formation is prevented from being performed, scattered toner that has dropped from a filter and adhered to an outer peripheral surface of a developer carrying member is recovered by a cleaning unit through intermediation of an image bearing member. A fixed magnet of the developer carrying member has a first pole that faces the image bearing member, a second pole that faces the filter, and an intermediate pole between the first pole and the second pole.

Abstract: A vehicle system including a fuel cell, a power storage device and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform controlling a traveling of the vehicle by driving of the electric motor with at least one of a first power generated by the fuel cell and a second power stored in the power storage device, and controlling charge and discharge of the power storage device, and the controlling including switching a control mode of the charge and discharge of the power storage device between a first control mode where a first voltage higher than a maximum value of a generated power generated in the fuel cell is set as a minimum voltage of the power storage device and a second control mode where a second voltage lower than the maximum value is set as the minimum voltage of the power storage device.

Abstract: A vehicle system including a fuel cell, a power storage device storing a first power generated by the fuel cell and a second power regenerated by an electric motor, a first auxiliary machine and a second auxiliary machine driven by using at least one of the first power, the second power and a third power stored in the power storage device, and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform determining switching of a power consumption mode between a first power consumption mode where a surplus power in the second power is consumed by the first auxiliary machine and the surplus power in the first power is consumed by the second auxiliary machine and a second power consumption mode where a surplus power in the first power and the second power is consumed by the second auxiliary machine.

Abstract: Provided is a PSA sheet having a PSA layer. The PSA layer includes a layer A forming at least one surface thereof. The PSA sheet has an adhesive strength N0 of 2.0 N/10 mm or greater, after one day at room temperature following application of the layer A side to a surface of an alkaline float glass plate as an adherend having a contact angle of 5°-10° with distilled water; has an N1 to N0 reduction rate of 30% or lower, wherein N1 is a water-resistant adhesive strength measured after stored at room temperature for one day, immersed in water for 30 minutes, taken out from the water and then residual water is wiped off, and has an N2 to NO reduction rate of 40% or higher, wherein N2 is a water-peel strength measured after stored at room temperature for one day, 20 ?L distilled water is dropped onto the adherend and is allowed to enter a PSA layer/adherend interfacial edge. N2 is measured at a tensile speed of 300 mm/min at a peel angle of 180°.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a microprocessor configured to perform, during an external power supply in which power is supplied to an external load, controlling a power generation of a fuel cell so as to generate a power at a predetermined power generation efficiency and supplying a surplus power not consumed out of the generated power of the fuel cell to a battery to charge the battery. The controlling includes, during the external power supply, stopping the power generation of the fuel cell when a charge rate of the battery becomes a first predetermined value or larger, controlling an output of the battery so that the power of the battery is supplied to the external load, and resuming the power generation of the fuel cell when the charge rate becomes a second predetermined value smaller than the first predetermined value or lower.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a stator of a rotary electric machine. The stator includes a stator coil having a welding portion of segment conductors. Each of the segment conductors includes an exposed conductor wire portion. The exposed conductor includes a root portion adjacent to an insulating coating. A thickness of the insulating coating is 50 ?m or more. The predetermined amount of displacement is 1±0.4 times or 2±0.4 times the thickness of the insulating coating. A length of the transition portion is 0.5 times or more and 2 times or less of a thickness of the conductor wire.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a checkout apparatus includes a communication interface connectable to a network, a display unit positioned to face a customer at the checkout apparatus, an input unit configured to receive user inputs from the customer, and a control unit. The control unit is configured to acquire transaction information for a transaction of the customer via the communication interface, receive customer identifying information identifying the customer, acquire payment method information indicating a payment method associated with the customer identifying information, and execute payment processing for the transaction based on the acquired transaction information using the payment method associated with the customer.

Abstract: A plug and a socket constitute a buckle. The plug includes a plug base and a pair of legs. At least one of the pair of legs includes a first extension extending from the plug base in an insertion direction of the plug, a second extension extending from the first extension in an inward width direction of the plug, an engagement portion provided on the first extension or the second extension to be engageable with a to-be-engaged portion of the socket in a detachment direction of the plug, and an operation portion provided on the second extension. When a force in the detachment direction is applied on the operation portion, the first extension is elastically deformed in the width direction of the plug in such a manner that a position of the engagement portion shifts from an engagement position to a disengagement position with respect to the to-be-engaged portion.

Abstract: An aircraft light is provided which can illuminate an illuminated area with appropriate levels of illuminance. An aircraft light is configured, including: at least one or more light-emitting elements as light sources; and an inner lens configured to project light emitted from the light-emitting elements onto a desired area, in which the inner lens has a lens that splits light of a single light-emitting element in different directions. According to this aspect, both a far illumination area and a near illumination area can be illuminated, and the luminous intensity can also be adjusted by adjusting the amount of a beam to be split; therefore, an illuminated area can be illuminated with appropriate levels of illuminance.

Abstract: An alert apparatus starts alerting a driver of a host vehicle, when an oncoming vehicle, that is an other vehicle traveling in an oncoming lane with respect to a traveling lane in which the host vehicle is traveling so as to approach the host vehicle and that is predicted to pass through on a specific direction side with respect to a current position of the host vehicle, is present, a turn signal indicator of the host vehicle corresponding to the specific direction side is being operated, and it is likely that the host vehicle starts turning to the specific direction side.

Abstract: An aircraft light is provided which can illuminate an illuminated area with appropriate levels of illuminance. An aircraft light is configured, including: at least one or more light-emitting elements as light sources; and an inner lens configured to project light emitted from the light-emitting elements onto a desired area, in which the inner lens has a lens that splits light of a single light-emitting element in different directions. According to this aspect, both a far illumination area and a near illumination area can be illuminated, and the luminous intensity can also be adjusted by adjusting the amount of a beam to be split; therefore, an illuminated area can be illuminated with appropriate levels of illuminance.

Abstract: A vehicle driving assistance apparatus executes a braking assistance control to forcibly stop an own vehicle when there is a probability that the own vehicle collides with an object, and executes a stopped-state keeping control to keep the own vehicle stopped when the own vehicle is stopped by the braking assistance control. The apparatus executes the stopped-state keeping control for a standard time when the own vehicle is stopped at a place in an area other than a termination recommendation area in which an execution of the stopped-state keeping control is recommended to be terminated. The apparatus executes the stopped-state keeping control for a time shorter than the standard time when the own vehicle is stopped at a place in the termination recommendation area.

Abstract: An alert apparatus starts alerting a driver of a host vehicle, when an oncoming vehicle, that is an other vehicle traveling in an oncoming lane with respect to a traveling lane in which the host vehicle is traveling so as to approach the host vehicle and that is predicted to pass through on a specific direction side with respect to a current position of the host vehicle, is present, a turn signal indicator of the host vehicle corresponding to the specific direction side is being operated, and it is likely that the host vehicle starts turning to the specific direction side.

Abstract: An electronic currency management system comprises: a common area blockchain network for managing a coin associated with a cash currency; a first additional area blockchain network for managing a first token associated with the coin; a first issuing unit configured to issue the coin on the common area blockchain network; a providing unit configured to associate the coin issued by the first issuing unit with the first additional area blockchain network; and a second issuing unit configured to issue the first token on the first additional area blockchain network based on an amount of the coin associated with the first additional area blockchain network by the providing unit.