Abstract: The present method for indicating a battery state of a hybrid car detects &Dgr;V/&Dgr;I which is a change value of voltage and current from a first state and a second state of a battery 1 being charged/discharged. The battery state indicating method determines whether the battery is charged/discharged in a battery protective state based on the &Dgr;V/&Dgr;I and indicates that the battery protective state is established when the battery is charged/discharged in a protective state.

Abstract: The present method for indicating a battery state of a hybrid car detects &Dgr;V/&Dgr;I which is a change value of voltage and current from a first state and a second state of a battery 1 being charged/discharged. The battery state indicating method determines whether the battery is charged/discharged in a battery protective state based on the &Dgr;V/&Dgr;I and indicates that the battery protective state is established when the battery is charged/discharged in a protective state.

Abstract: A digital signal receiving apparatus which can automatically determine the transmission format of a digital audio signal based on AES3, and then simplify the operations, avoid wrong operations at times of switching, and prevent errors in the transmission format due to wrong operations. In this apparatus, a channel status FS detection section 109 detects the sampling frequency of an input digital audio signal based on AES3, a transmission rate detection section 111 detects the transmission rate of the input digital audio signal based on AES3. A control section 113 determines the transmission format of the input digital audio signal based on AES3, based on both detected results (sampling frequency and transmission rate).

Abstract: A constrained chip for a plasma Jet torch is here disclosed, and the constrained chip is made of a metal, is forcedly cooled, and functions as one discharge electrode. A plasma generated by gas discharge is Jetted through a nozzle of the constrained chip for the plasma jet torch. This constrained chip 30 is all completely made of a Cu and Zr alloy, and a nozzle portion 32 has a nozzle bore diameter of 3.0 mm to 3.5 mm and a nozzle constraint ratio b/a (b is a length of the nozzle constrained portion) of 2.5 to 3.

Abstract: A high tenacity, high initial modulus polyvinyl alcohol fiber is produced by:(1) dissolving polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of polymerization of not less than 1,500 in a solvent capable of giving a 5 wt % polyvinyl alcohol solution and the solvent is further characterized in that the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum measured at 50.degree. C. after storage of the solution at 50.degree. C. for 96 hours following preparation thereof is substantially identical with that measured at 50.degree. C. immediately after preparation thereof, with peaks for the three kinds of hydroxyl groups of polyvinyl alcohol being clearly distinguishable in each nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum,(ii) forming filaments by spinning the spinning solution under conditions which satisfy the requirementsDs.ltoreq.5.0wherein Ds is the spinning stretch ratio defined as the ratio (V.sub.2 /V.sub.1) of the take off speed (V.sub.2) to the first take off roller speed (V.sub.

Abstract: A high tenacity, high intitial modulus polyvinyl alcohol fiber showing a high level of crystalline heat of fusion, characterized in that the fiber is made of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of not less than 1,500, has a tenacity of not less than 17 g/d and an initial modulus of elasticity of not less than 400 g/d and shows a crystalline heat of fusion of not less than 29 cal/g, and a method of producing said polyvinyl alcohol fiber comprising:(i) dissolving polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of polymerization of not less than 1,500 in a solvent capable of giving a 5 wt % polyvinyl alcohol solution and the solvent is further characterized in that the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum measured at 50.degree. C. after storage of the solution at 50.degree. C. for 96 hours following preparation thereof is substantially identical with that measured at 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A swinging-type apparatus for automatically examining pipes includes first and second clamping devices provided at the ends of an extendible body. The first clamping device is made to clamp a first pipe, the second clamping device is made to unclamp the first pipe, is lifted up away from the first pipe, swung to an adjacent second pipe to be examined, lowered down to the second pipe and made to clamp the same. Next, the first clamping device is made to unclamp the first pipe, is lifted up away from the first pipe, swung to the second pipe, lowered down to the second pipe and made to clamp the same. Sensors provided on at least one of the clamping devices then examine the second pipe. By repeating these operations, the apparatus can be made to travel from one pipe to another to examine a cluster of pipes. The apparatus can also be made to move along a pipe axially thereof by extending and shortening the length of the extendible body.

Abstract: The sound field of ultrasonic pulses emitted in a liquid-solid system is irradiated with polarized light, and the ultrasonic pulses in the liquid and in the solid are visualized simultaneously by detecting deflected light arising from a change in refractive index of the liquid caused by presence of the ultrasonic pulses, and polarized light arising from the birefringence in the solid caused by presence of the ultrasonic pulses. By quantitatively measuring the sound field, waveform, etc. of the ultrasonic pulses from an ultrasonic probe in the liquid by the schlieren method and in the solid by the photoelastic method simultaneously, it is possible to visualize the ultrasonic pulses in the liquid and solid at the same time. This enables ready measurement of the direction of emission of the ultrasonic pulses from the probe, the ultrasonic wavelength, the propagation velocity, etc.