Abstract: A gas separator has an adsorbent, a circulation-passage constituting member, a circulator, an adsorption facilitator, and a desorption facilitator. The adsorbent adsorbs or desorbs carbon dioxide, and the adsorbent is made of a liquid. The circulation-passage constituting member therein has a space that defines a circulation passage in which the adsorbent flows. The circulator circulates the adsorbent in the space. The adsorption facilitator facilitates an adsorption of carbon dioxide to the adsorbent filling the space. The desorption facilitator facilitates a desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent filling the space.

Abstract: A lithium-air battery includes: an anode that includes an anode material for absorbing and desorbing a lithium ion; a cathode that includes a cathode material with a catalyst for reducing the oxygen using oxygen as a cathode active material; and a solid electrolyte layer that includes a solid electrolyte interposed between the anode and the cathode. At least one of charge and discharge is performed in a presence of vapor-phase water. That is, the reduction of oxygen or an oxide is performed in the presence of the vapor-phase water. With this arrangement, the air battery can exhibit the effect of reducing the overvoltage.

Abstract: A surface treating method of a negative electrode for a magnesium secondary battery is provided, wherein the magnesium secondary battery includes: a negative electrode capable of releasing magnesium ions during discharging and capable of precipitating elemental magnesium during charging; a positive electrode capable of precipitating a magnesium oxide during the discharging and capable of releasing magnesium ions during the charging; and a non-aqueous ion conductor for conducting magnesium ions as conduction species. The surface treating method comprises initializing the negative electrode by performing the discharging to form a bare surface at a surface of the negative electrode.

Abstract: A gas separator has an adsorbent, a circulation-passage constituting member, a circulator, an adsorption facilitator, and a desorption facilitator. The adsorbent adsorbs or desorbs carbon dioxide, and the adsorbent is made of a liquid. The circulation-passage constituting member therein has a space that defines a circulation passage in which the adsorbent flows. The circulator circulates the adsorbent in the space. The adsorption facilitator facilitates an adsorption of carbon dioxide to the adsorbent filling the space. The desorption facilitator facilitates a desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent filling the space.

Abstract: A magnesium secondary battery includes: a negative electrode for adsorbing and releasing a magnesium ion; a positive electrode for producing a magnesium oxide product in a discharging process; and a non-aqueous magnesium ion conductor disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The positive electrode includes an accelerator for promoting the magnesium oxide product, which is decomposed to a magnesium ion and an oxygen molecule easier than MgO. In this case, since the electrochemical reaction at the positive electrode in a charging process rapidly progresses, the magnesium secondary battery can charge and discharge repeatedly. Thus, the battery functions as a secondary battery sufficiently.

Abstract: A magnesium ion-containing electrolyte used for a magnesium cell includes magnesium, halogen, one of boron, aluminum, and phosphorous, and an organic group including OCXHY. The magnesium ion-containing electrolyte has low reactivity with oxygen. Even when oxygen exists in the magnesium ion-containing electrolyte, a deterioration of the magnesium-ion containing electrolyte is restricted, and magnesium ions stably move.

Abstract: A surface treating method of a negative electrode for a magnesium secondary battery is provided, wherein the magnesium secondary battery includes: a negative electrode capable of releasing magnesium ions during discharging and capable of precipitating elemental magnesium during charging; a positive electrode capable of precipitating a magnesium oxide during the discharging and capable of releasing magnesium ions during the charging; and a non-aqueous ion conductor for conducting magnesium ions as conduction species. The surface treating method comprises initializing the negative electrode by performing the discharging to form a bare surface at a surface of the negative electrode.

Abstract: A magnesium secondary battery includes: a negative electrode for adsorbing and releasing a magnesium ion; a positive electrode for producing a magnesium oxide product in a discharging process; and a non-aqueous magnesium ion conductor disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The positive electrode includes an accelerator for promoting the magnesium oxide product, which is decomposed to a magnesium ion and an oxygen molecule easier than MgO. In this case, since the electrochemical reaction at the positive electrode in a charging process rapidly progresses, the magnesium secondary battery can charge and discharge repeatedly. Thus, the battery functions as a secondary battery sufficiently.

Abstract: An all-solid-state battery includes: a positive electrode having a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode layer on the positive electrode current collector; a negative electrode having a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode layer on the negative electrode current collector; and an electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyte is made of a first solid-state electrolyte having lithium ionic conductivity. The positive electrode layer includes a base portion and an active material portion. The base portion is made of a second solid-state electrolyte having lithium ionic conductivity in a continuous phase. The active material portion is dispersed in the base portion, and includes a positive electrode active material. The first and second solid-state electrolytes are lithium ionic conductive material having a hydride solid-state electrolyte, respectively.

Abstract: An air battery includes: a positive electrode for utilizing oxygen as active material; a negative electrode for adsorbing and desorbing a metal ion, which includes at least one of Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and Al; and a non-aqueous electrolyte disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes ion liquid. When the non-aqueous electrolyte includes the ion liquid, the oxide generated by the discharging step is effectively decomposed. Thus, the battery has excellent cycle characteristics.

Abstract: The electric current collector of the present invention comprises a substrate composed of aluminum, a junction layer, formed on the surface of the substrate, in which aluminum and an electrically conductive material having electrical conductivity have been mixed, and an electrical conductor layer, formed on the junction layer, comprising the electrically conductive material. The electrode and the charge accumulating device of the present invention employ the electric current collector of the present invention.

Abstract: The electric current collector of the present invention comprises a substrate composed of aluminum, a junction layer, formed on the surface of the substrate, in which aluminum and an electrically conductive material having electrical conductivity have been mixed, and an electrical conductor layer, formed on the junction layer, comprising the electrically conductive material. The electrode and the charge accumulating device of the present invention employ the electric current collector of the present invention.