Abstract: A conductive roller includes: a core member including an outer surface along and about an axial line thereof; and a surface layer arranged along the outer surface of the core member. The surface layer includes a conductive portion formed of a conductive resin composition, and a surface roughness imparting material in a form of particles dispersed in the conductive portion. An average particle size of the surface roughness imparting material is in a range of 6 micrometers or greater and 10 micrometers or less. The number of particles of the surface roughness imparting material per unit area of the surface layer is in a range of 1.0×104 particles per mm2 or greater and 2.0×106 particles per mm2 or less. An average thickness of the surface layer is in a range of 3.0 micrometers or greater and 15.0 micrometers or less.

Abstract: A copper alloy plastically-worked material comprises Mg in the amount of 10-100 mass ppm and a balance of Cu and inevitable impurities, which comprise 10 mass ppm or less of S, 10 mass ppm or less of P, 5 mass ppm or less of Se, 5 mass ppm or less of Te, 5 mass ppm or less of Sb, 5 mass ppm or less of Bi and 5 mass ppm or less of As. The total amount of S, P, Se, Te, Sb, Bi, and As is 30 mass ppm or less. The mass ratio of [Mg]/[S+P+Se+Te+Sb+Bi+As] is 0.6 or greater and 50 or less. The electrical conductivity is 97% IACS or greater. The tensile strength is 275 MPa or less. The heat-resistant temperature after draw working is 150° C. or higher.

Abstract: An electroconductive roll includes a core member, a rubber base material disposed around the core member, and a surface layer disposed around the rubber base material. The arithmetic mean peak curvature Spc of a surface of the surface layer is equal to or greater than 1,880 (1/mm), and is equal to or less than 14,024 (1/mm).

Abstract: A conductive roller includes a base including an outer surface along and about an axial line thereof, and a surface layer arranged on the outer surface of the base. The surface layer includes particles. The ten-point height of irregularities Rz of the outer surface of the base is greater than or equal to 6.0 micrometers and less than or equal to 8.0 micrometers. A ten-point height of irregularities Rz of an outer surface of the surface layer is greater than or equal to 5.5 micrometers and less than or equal to 8.5 micrometers. The base included in the conductive roller preferably includes a core member and a conductive elastic layer arranged between the core member and the surface layer. The surface layer preferably includes a conductive portion including a resin material and a conductive agent.

Abstract: A conductive roller includes: a core member including an outer surface along and about an axial line thereof; and a surface layer arranged along the outer surface of the core member. The surface layer includes a conductive portion, and a surface roughness imparting material in a form of particles dispersed in the conductive portion. An average particle size of the surface roughness imparting material is in a range of 6 micrometers or greater and less than 10 micrometers. The number of particles of the surface roughness imparting material per unit area of the surface layer is in a range of 3.5×105 particles per mm2 or greater and 7.5×105 particles per mm2 or less. An average thickness of the surface layer is in a range of 0.2 micrometers or greater and 5.5 micrometers or less.

Abstract: This copper alloy contains greater than 10 mass ppm and less than 100 mass ppm of Mg, with a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, which comprise: 10 mass ppm or less of S, 10 mass ppm or less of P, 5 mass ppm or less of Se, 5 mass ppm or less of Te, 5 mass ppm or less of Sb, 5 mass ppm or less of Bi, and 5 mass ppm or less of As. The total amount of S, P, Se, Te, Sb, Bi, and As is 30 mass ppm or less. The mass ratio [Mg]/[S+P+Se+Te+Sb+Bi+As] is 0.6 to 50, an electrical conductivity is 97% IACS or greater. The half-softening temperature ratio TLD/TTD is greater than 0.95 and less than 1.08. The half-softening temperature TLD is 210° C. or higher.

Abstract: This copper alloy of one aspect contains greater than 10 mass ppm and less than 100 mass ppm of Mg, with a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, in which among the inevitable impurities, a S amount is 10 mass ppm or less, a P amount is 10 mass ppm or less, a Se amount is 5 mass ppm or less, a Te amount is 5 mass ppm or less, an Sb amount is 5 mass ppm or less, a Bi amount is 5 mass ppm or less, an As amount is 5 mass ppm or less, a total amount of S, P, Se, Te, Sb, Bi, and As is 30 mass ppm or less, a mass ratio [Mg]/[S+P+Se+Te+Sb+Bi+As] is 0.6 to 50, an electrical conductivity is 97% IACS or greater, and a residual stress ratio at 150° C. for 1000 hours is 20% or greater.

Abstract: A copper alloy plastically-worked material comprises Mg in the amount of greater than 10 mass ppm and 100 mass ppm or less and a balance of Cu and inevitable impurities, that comprise 10 mass ppm or less of S, 10 mass ppm or less of P, 5 mass ppm or less of Se, 5 mass ppm or less of Te, 5 mass ppm or less of Sb, 5 mass ppm or less of Bi, and 5 mass ppm or less of As. The total amount of S, P, Se, Te, Sb, Bi, and As is 30 mass ppm or less. The mass ratio of [Mg]/[S+P+Se+Te+Sb+Bi+As] is 0.6 or greater and 50 or less, the electrical conductivity is 97% IACS or greater. The tensile strength is 200 MPa or greater. The heat-resistant temperature is 150° C. or higher.

Abstract: This copper alloy contains 10-100 mass ppm of Mg, with a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, which comprise; 10 mass ppm or less of S, 10 mass ppm or less of P, 5 mass ppm or less of Se, 5 mass ppm or less of Te, 5 mass ppm or less of Sb, 5 mass ppm or less of Bi, 5 mass ppm or less of As. The total amount of S, P, Se, Te, Sb, Bi, and As is 30 mass ppm or less. The mass ratio [Mg]/[S+P+Se+Te+Sb+Bi+As] is 0.6 to 50. The electrical conductivity is 97% IACS or greater. The half-softening temperature is 200° C. or higher. The residual stress ratio RSG at 180° C. for 30 hours is 20% or greater. The ratio RSG/RSB at 180° C. for 30 hours is greater than 1.0.

Abstract: A developing roll has a metal core, an elastic layer, and a surface layer, A value X is 65.6 N/mm3 or more and a value Y is 229 ?m or more. The value X is P1/(D2×A) P2/(D2× A). P1 is the load to displace the roll by 100 ?m when a metal probe is pressed against the roll. D1 is the displacement of the roll caused by the probe under the load P1. A is the area of the probe. P2 is the load to displace a material roll by 100 ?m when the probe is pressed against the material roll with the core and the elastic layer and without the surface layer. D2 is the displacement of the material roll caused by the probe under the load P2. The value Y is the displacement of the developing roll when the probe pierces the surface layer.

Abstract: A charging roll includes a core member, a rubber base material disposed around the core member, and a surface layer disposed around the rubber base material. The average of heights of contours of convex portions on a surface of the surface layer relative to an average cylindrical surface obtained by averaging surface irregularities of the surface layer is equal to or greater than 0.8 micrometers and is equal to or less than 2.1 micrometers. The average of intervals between apexes of the convex portions on the surface of the surface layer is equal to or greater than 6.6 micrometers and is equal to or less than 11.5 micrometers.

Abstract: To provide a planar light source device that can provide large-area, uniform, and high-quality planar illumination light. A planar light source device includes a main body case 4 that surrounds the periphery of a gap between a pair of optical reflection plates disposed to face each other with side plates, and a plurality of point light sources 2 arranged at predetermined intervals on at least one side plate of the main body case. The planar light source device allows light from the point light sources 2 to be transmitted through at least one of the pair of optical reflection plates 5 and emitted to the outside.

Abstract: A light source device is equipped with a highly directional point light source, a light source installation part having a prescribed area where the point light source is installed, and a lateral reflection part that is vertically arranged to a prescribed height from the periphery of the light source installation part. The lateral reflection part is formed with a light-transmitting reflector plate that has a reflection/transmission pattern and is provided with multiple reflection/transmission parts for reflecting and at least partially transmitting light.

Abstract: A light source device is provided with an LED having strong directivity, a reflective hood which has an interior reflecting surface for reflecting the illumination light from the light source, and a pair of first and second polarizing reflective plates for polarizing the illumination light from the LED in a specific direction. The first and second polarizing reflective plates have a specific length and width, and a back surface formed from a high reflectance plate. The light source is secured to the reflective hood. A specific interval is provided between the first and second polarizing reflective plates and the reflecting surface of the reflective hood, and a specific interval is provided between the two plates with the optical axis passing through the 0° direction angle of the light source in between.

Abstract: In a surface lighting unit comprising a footprint portion, a sidewall portion, and an optical reflector with an opening spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the footprint portion. The opening substantially satisfies a relation A=bx2+c, assuming A is the open area ratio, i.e. the ratio of the opening area in a preset predetermined region to the area of the preset predetermined region, b and c are constants, and x is the distance from the center of the optical reflector. The opening has a circular non-through hole concentric to the center of the optical reflector, a concentric arcuate hole on the outside thereof, and a plurality of round holes farther on the outside thereof.

Abstract: To provide a planar light source device that can provide large-area, uniform, and high-quality planar illumination light. A planar light source device includes a main body case 4 that surrounds the periphery of a gap between a pair of optical reflection plates disposed to face each other with side plates, and a plurality of point light sources 2 arranged at predetermined intervals on at least one side plate of the main body case. The planar light source device allows light from the point light sources 2 to be transmitted through at least one of the pair of optical reflection plates 5 and emitted to the outside.

Abstract: Uniform illuminating light is obtained on a surface at a prescribed distance from a radiation surface without increasing the thickness in a light radiation direction by using the light from the light source highly efficiently.

Abstract: Provided is a lighting device capable of correcting loss of color balance of illumination light that tends to occur among a plurality of light source modules and providing uniform illumination light of the same color. A lighting device 1 including a plurality of light source modules 2A to 2D corrects the color of light emitted from each light source module to emit uniform illumination light of the same color.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light source device (4) capable of being used by adjacently connecting with each other in multiple, the light source device includes: a point light source (5) having high directionality; a box-shaped housing (6) having a bottom to center of which the point light source is fixed, sidewall portions arranged in a standing manner from edges of the bottom up to a predetermined height, a side portion defining an opening provided facing the point light source, and a reflection member forming an inner wall surface of the housing; and a transmissive/reflective plate covering the opening of the housing and being fixed at a circumference thereof to edges of the opening of the housing. At least one of the sidewall portions that is in contact with a sidewall portion of another light source device is arranged in a standing manner at an angle ?, where 90°<??150°, relative to the bottom, and is provided with a light-transmitting hole on the side of the opening of the housing.

Abstract: A light source device is provided with an LED having strong directivity, a reflective hood which has an interior reflecting surface for reflecting the illumination light from the light source, and a pair of first and second polarizing reflective plates for polarizing the illumination light from the LED in a specific direction. The first and second polarizing reflective plates have a specific length and width, and a back surface formed from a high reflectance plate. The light source is secured to the reflective hood. A specific interval is provided between the first and second polarizing reflective plates and the reflecting surface of the reflective hood, and a specific interval is provided between the two plates with the optical axis passing through the 0° direction angle of the light source in between.