Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a method for predicting the prognosis for kidney disease for a subject on the basis of the amount of D- and L-amino acids, from a blood sample; and an analysis system that determines prognosis predictions. This purpose is achieved by using at least one amino acid to predict the prognosis for kidney disease, said amino acid being selected from the group consisting of D-serine, D-asparagine, D-proline, D-alanine, D-leucine, D-lysine, D-allo-isoleucine, L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tryptophan, and L-asparagine.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of kidney disease, an inflammation inhibitor for the kidneys, an inflammatory cell death inhibitor for the kidneys, or a food for the prevention or improvement of kidney disease, that include D-serine or a derivative thereof. In addition, the present invention pertains to the use of D-serine or a derivative thereof, for the production of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of kidney disease.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a method for predicting the prognosis for kidney disease for a subject on the basis of the amount of D- and L-amino acids, from a blood sample; and an analysis system that determines prognosis predictions. This purpose is achieved by using at least one amino acid to predict the prognosis for kidney disease, said amino acid being selected from the group consisting of D-serine, D-asparagine, D-proline, D-alanine, D-leucine, D-lysine, D-allo-isoleucine, L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tryptophan, and L-asparagine.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of kidney disease, a kidney inflammation inhibitor, an inflammatory cell death inhibitor for the kidneys, or a food for the prevention or improvement of kidney disease, that include D-alanine or a derivative thereof. In addition, the present invention pertains to the use of D-alanine or a derivative thereof, for the production of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of kidney disease.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of developing an analytical method which makes it possible to diagnose early or mild renal disorders. The method is based on calculating a disease-state index value for renal disorders on the basis of the quantities of D-form and/or L-form amino acids, from feces or intestinal content. By comparing the disease-state index value with a threshold value determined from the disease-state index values of a renal failure patient group and a healthy subject group, it is possible to diagnose a mild renal disorder patient group.

Abstract: A chiral analysis method of a bound amino acid includes a step of hydrolyzing a bound amino acid using a deuterium chloride-deuterium oxide solution and/or deuterium oxide; a step of separating, by chiral separation, a D-form and an L-form of an amino acid generated by the hydrolyzation; a step of generating fragments from the separated amino acid; and a step of selecting and analyzing a predetermined fragment that contains an ? carbon and does not contain a side chain from the generated fragments, by mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to develop a reagent for optical resolution for the analysis of chiral amino acids wherein quenching is not exhibited. This object is achieved by providing a novel compound for optical resolution wherein quenching is not exhibited. The present invention relates to a novel compound, a reagent for optical resolution comprising the novel compound, a method for optically resolution comprising a step of reacting the novel compound, and optical isomers obtained by reacting the novel compound with amino acids.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a more accurate method and system for analyzing a sample containing an optical isomer. This method is characterized in that, with reference to results of chromatography, fractions for which complete separation from one or a plurality of chromatograph peaks corresponding to one or a plurality of other components has been achieved, from the time at which the peak starts to rise from the baseline until the peak has completely returned to the baseline, are successively fractionated separately, and if complete separation cannot be achieved for a single component, the fractionated fraction is subjected to additional chromatography, and if complete separation is achieved, the fractionated fraction is subjected to chiral chromatography.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of identifying a biomarker of renal failure, said biomarker being available from urine or blood, and fluctuating from an early stage than glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine level, and thus developing a technique for diagnosing early stage kidney failure. A method for analyzing the blood, plasma, serum or urine of a renal failure suspected subject comprises a step of measuring the concentration of a pair of D-form and L-form of at least one amino acid selected from the amino acid group consisting of [D-serine] and [L-serine], etc., contained in the blood, plasma, serum or urine of the subject, and calculating, as an pathological index of the subject, the ratio of the D-form concentration to the L-form concentration or the percentage of the D-form concentration relative to the total concentration of the D-form and L-form.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of identifying a biomarker of renal failure, said biomarker being available from urine or blood, and fluctuating from an early stage than glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine level, and thus developing a technique for diagnosing early stage kidney failure. A method for analyzing the blood, plasma, serum or urine of a renal failure suspected subject comprises a step of measuring the concentration of a pair of D-form and L-form of at least one amino acid selected from the amino acid group consisting of [D-serine] and [L-serine], etc., contained in the blood, plasma, serum or urine of the subject, and calculating, as an pathological index of the subject, the ratio of the D-form concentration to the L-form concentration or the percentage of the D-form concentration relative to the total concentration of the D-form and L-form.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a method for predicting the prognosis for kidney disease for a subject on the basis of the amount of D- and L-amino acids, from a blood sample; and an analysis system that determines prognosis predictions. This purpose is achieved by using at least one amino acid to predict the prognosis for kidney disease, said amino acid being selected from the group consisting of D-serine, D-asparagine, D-proline, D-alanine, D-leucine, D-lysine, D-allo-isoleucine, L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tryptophan, and L-asparagine.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a blood sample analysis method for determining diabetes complications in subjects with kidney damage on the basis of D- and L-amino acid content, from a blood sample; a method for examining diabetes complications; and a sample analysis system that outputs pathological information about diabetes complications. The purpose of this invention is achieved by using at least one amino acid selected from the group consisting of D-aspartic acid, D-proline, L-glutamine, and L-isoleucine, in order to determine diabetes complications.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of identifying a biomarker of renal failure, said biomarker being available from urine or blood, and fluctuating from an early stage than glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine level, and thus developing a technique for diagnosing early stage kidney failure. A method for analyzing the blood, plasma, serum or urine of a renal failure suspected subject comprises a step of measuring the concentration of a pair of D-form and L-form of at least one amino acid selected from the amino acid group consisting of [D-serine] and [L-serine], etc., contained in the blood, plasma, serum or urine of the subject, and calculating, as an pathological index of the subject, the ratio of the D-form concentration to the L-form concentration or the percentage of the D-form concentration relative to the total concentration of the D-form and L-form.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a fluorescence detection apparatus that is capable of simultaneously detecting a plurality of analyte components contained at different concentrations with a wide measurement range. [Solution] A fluorescence detection apparatus 100 includes a cell 110 into which an analyte of a sample is introduced, a light source 130 that irradiates excitation light on the analyte in the cell; a first detector 52 that detects fluorescence generated from the analyte after the excitation light has been irradiated on the analyte, and a second detector 53 that detects the fluorescence generated from the analyte after the excitation light has been irradiated on the analyte. The second detector detects the fluorescence with a measurement range that is different from the measurement range of the first detector, and the first detector and second detector detect the fluorescence simultaneously.

Abstract: The apparatus for analyzing a disease sample according to the present invention includes: a member for separating and quantitatively determining an amino acid stereoisomer in a biological material from a subject; a member for obtaining a disease state index value through a calculation by substituting the amount of the amino acid stereoisomer into a discriminant equation; and a member for outputting disease state information on the subject on the basis of the disease state index value. The method for analyzing a disease sample according to the present invention includes: a step of measuring the amount of amino acid stereoisomers in a biological material from a subject; a step of obtaining a disease state index value through a calculation by substituting the amount of the amino acid stereoisomers into a discriminant equation; and the like.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of developing an analytical method which makes it possible to diagnose early or mild renal disorders. The method is based on calculating a disease-state index value for renal disorders on the basis of the quantities of D-form and/or L-form amino acids, from feces or intestinal content. By comparing the disease-state index value with a threshold value determined from the disease-state index values of a renal failure patient group and a healthy subject group, it is possible to diagnose a mild renal disorder patient group.

Abstract: A chiral analysis method of a bound amino acid includes a step of hydrolyzing a bound amino acid using a deuterium chloride-deuterium oxide solution and/or deuterium oxide; a step of separating, by chiral separation, a D-form and an L-form of an amino acid generated by the hydrolyzation; a step of generating fragments from the separated amino acid; and a step of selecting and analyzing a predetermined fragment that contains an ? carbon and does not contain a side chain from the generated fragments, by mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound represented by chemical formula (1): or chemical formula (2):

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of identifying a biomarker of renal failure, said biomarker being available from urine or blood, and fluctuating from an early stage than glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine level, and thus developing a technique for diagnosing early stage kidney failure. A method for analyzing the blood, plasma, serum or urine of a renal failure suspected subject comprises a step of measuring the concentration of a pair of D-form and L-form of at least one amino acid selected from the amino acid group consisting of [D-serine] and [L-serine], etc., contained in the blood, plasma, serum or urine of the subject, and calculating, as an pathological index of the subject, the ratio of the D-form concentration to the L-form concentration or the percentage of the D-form concentration relative to the total concentration of the D-form and L-form.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a separating agent wherein a group represented by a chemical formula of: or a group represented by a chemical formula of: is introduced on a surface thereof.