Abstract: A fault diagnosis device and a fault diagnosis method read a diagnostic trouble code from an Electronic Control Unit to the fault diagnosis device, and display a work guide screen for guiding work in accordance with the read diagnostic trouble code. The work guide screen includes an entire work flowchart consisting of a plurality of work items for identifying a fault occurrence location at which the fault event corresponding to the diagnostic trouble code is caused, and includes an entire work display area in which a work item selected among the plurality of work items is highlighted and a concrete work display area in which concrete work details about the highlighted work item are indicated.

Abstract: A fault diagnosis device and a fault diagnosis method read a diagnostic trouble code from an Electronic Control Unit to the fault diagnosis device, and display a work guide screen for guiding work in accordance with the read diagnostic trouble code. The work guide screen includes an entire work flowchart consisting of a plurality of work items for identifying a fault occurrence location at which the fault event corresponding to the diagnostic trouble code is caused, and includes an entire work display area in which a work item selected among the plurality of work items is highlighted and a concrete work display area in which concrete work details about the highlighted work item are indicated.

Abstract: To provide an electronic dictionary that stylizes the display based on data pertaining to the number of times and frequency with which a search is performed, thereby making it easy to use, and to provide an electronic dictionary that can be used by a plurality of users. The device comprises a keyboard 1a and a mouse 1b, a dictionary memory 6 for storing text electronically, mark files 7-1, . . . , 7-n which store attribute data relating to text that has been searched for one or more times in the dictionary memory 6, a display component 5 for displaying text that has been searched for, and a CPU 3 for displaying searched for text in the display area 5 while changing the color based on the attribute data from the mark file 7 and for searching the dictionary memory 6 upon receiving an output signal from the input method 1a or 1b.

Abstract: A data compressing method which can efficiently compress image data containing color data is provided. A compressed data expanding method which can expand the compressed data at high speed is provided. Image data containing color data are compressed into image data including: address fields code A, code B, code C which hold addresses of color RAMs storing color information corresponding to the color data; classification fields which, when the color RAMs are classified into prescribed categories A, B, C, hold classification information of the categories including the color data; and run length fields RL which hold numbers of successive repetitions of color data. To expand the compressed image data, the classification fields are decoded to determine the categories in which the color data are included.

Abstract: The invention relates to a production method, wherein, with 1 equivalent of pentafluorobenzene of the formula C.sub.6 HF.sub.5 M, 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of an organometallic compound of the formula RM, wherein R is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms and m is an alkali metal ion, are reacted at -120.degree. to 80.degree. C. in an ether type solvent, a hydrocarbon type solvent or a mixed solvent of the ether type solvent with the hydrocarbon type solvent to generate a pentafluorophenyl alkali metal salt of the formula C.sub.6 F.sub.5 M. Next, 1 equivalent of a boron compound of the formula BX.sub.3, where X is halogen, OR or NR'R" is reacted with 2.1 to 3.9 equivalents of a pentafluorophenyl alkali metal salt of the formula C.sub.6 F.sub.5 M within a temperature range from -120.degree. to 80.degree. C. to produce tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane of the formula (C.sub.6 F.sub.5).sub.3 B or a complex of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane coordinated with the ether type solvent.

Abstract: A method of producing tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane or its ether complex, using pentafluorobenzene as the source of the pentafluorophenyl group. The process comprises reacting pentafluorobenzene with an organo metallic compound (II) of the formula R.sub.2-n MgX.sub.n, wherein n denotes a real number of 0 or 1, X denotes a halogen atom and R denotes a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The reaction is carried out in an ether solvent at a temperature not less than 25.degree. C. The resulting pentafluorophenylmagnesium compound has the formula (C.sub.6 F.sub.5).sub.2-n MgX.sub.n (III), wherein n denotes a real number of 0 or 1 and X denotes a halogen atom. The pentafluorophenylmagnesium compound of the formula (III) is next reacted with a borane compound of the formula BX.sub.3, wherein X denotes a halogen atom. The reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range of 0.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., preferably 60.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate derivatives of the formula (C.sub.6 F.sub.5).sub.4 BM which comprises reacting 1 equivalent of pentafluorobenzene with 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of an organometallic compound RM at -120.degree. to 80.degree. C., in an ether type solvent, a hydrocarbon type solvent or a mixture thereof, to generate pentafluorophenyl alkali metal salt represented by the formula C.sub.6 F.sub.5 M, and then reacting either (1) not less than 3.7 equivalents of said pentafluorophenyl alkali metal salt with 1 equivalent of a boron compound BX.sub.3, or (2) not less than 0.8 equivalents of said pentafluorophenyl alkali metal salt with 1 equivalent of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane.

Abstract: A method of producing tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate derivatives of the formula [(C.sub.6 F.sub.5).sub.4 B].sub.2-n MgX.sub.n wherein n denotes an integer of 0 or 1 and X denotes a halogen atom, using pentafluorophenylmagnesium derivatives of the formula (C.sub.6 F.sub.5).sub.2-n MgX.sub.n, wherein n denotes an integer of 0 or 1 and X denotes a halogen atom, as a source of the pentafluorophenyl group.

Abstract: A highly pure borate complex of a trialkylborane with an alkylated or arylated alkali metal is obtained by reacting an aryl magnesium halide with a boron trihalide to produce a triarylborane product. The triarylborane product is then subjected to thorough removal of magnesium salts produced as by-products and removal of unreacted aryl magnesium halide. A solution of alkylated or arylated alkali metal in a hydrocarbon solvent, a straight chain ether solvent or a mixed solvent thereof is then added dropwise to the solution of triarylborane product in a hydrocarbon solvent, straight chain ether solvent or mixed solvent thereof, while keeping the temperature range from -80.degree. to 25.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of producing a high-purity triarylborane with high yield by reacting, in a solvent inert to the reaction product, a 1.0-8.0 mol/L boron halide solution with a 0.1-3.0 mol/L aryl magnesium halide solution in a straight chain ether solvent, where the molar ratio of aryl magnesium halide to boron trihalide is 3.1-3.5 to 1.0, respectively, and then the straight chain ether solvent is distilled from the reaction mixture. Distillation crystallizes out the halogenated magnesium salt which is produced as a by-product, increasing the recovery rate of the product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a production method of generating pentafluorophenyl alkali metal salt represented by a general formula C.sub.6 F.sub.5 M (M denotes an alkali metal ion) by reacting pentafluorobenzene represented by C.sub.6 HF.sub.5 with an organometallic compound represented by a general formula RM (R denotes a hydrocarbon group of 1.about.10 carbon number which may contain a functional group having no influence on the reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a production method, wherein, with pentafluorobenzene represented by C.sub.6 HF.sub.5, 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of organometallic compound represented by a general formulaR.sub.2-n MgXn(wherein n denotes a real number of 0 or 1, X denotes a halogen atom, R denotes a hydrocarbon group with carbon atoms of 1 to 10, and said hydrocarbon group may contain functional groups unaffecting the reaction) are mixed within a temperature range from -40.degree. to 250.degree. C. in an ether type solvent or a mixed nonaqueous solvent of ether type solvent with hydrocarbon type solvent and reacted at 25.degree. C. or higher to obtain pentafluorophenylmagnesium derivatives represented by a following general formula(C.sub.6 F.sub.5).sub.2-n MgXn(wherein n denotes a real number of 0 or 1 and X denotes a halogen atom).

Abstract: A method of culturing animal cells, which comprises (A) subjecting living animal cells to suspension culture in a culture tank, (B) withdrawing a portion of a suspension culture fluid containing the living animal cells from the culture tank, (C) supplying the withdrawn suspension culture fluid to a centrifugal separating device which is operated under specific conditions and separating the living animal cells from the suspension culture fluid, (D) withdrawing the separated living animal cells from the centrifugal separating device, and (E) recycling at least a portion of the withdrawn living animal cells to the culture tank for the step (A).

Abstract: A method for treating synthetic pulp particles, which includes treating a slurry of synthetic pulp particles having a Schopper-Riegler freeness of more than 30.degree.SR by a concentration provided with a rotary filter bed to lower the freeness not more than 30.degree.SR, water-washing the synthetic pulp particles in the state where the freeness is not more than 30.degree.SR, and dispersing the synthetic pulp particles in water to restore the freeness to more than 30.degree.SR.

Abstract: An apparatus for cell culture by perfusion comprising a cell culture tank for suspension culture, said cell culture tank having a suspension cell culture zone, a cell settling zone, an opening for discharging a spent culture medium from the settling zone and an opening for supplying a culture medium to the suspension culture zone, the suspension culture zone and the setting zone being separated by a partition therebetween in a manner to communicate with each other in the lower portion of the settling zone, and the settling zone being formed between the side wall of the cell culture tank and the partition. Another type of apparatus for cell culture having a unit in which main culturing and settling are carried out in a cell settling zone, and a multiunit cell culture apparatus having at least two culturing units which are stacked longitudinally are also described.

Abstract: A scraping mechanism for scraping off deposit material from a surface of a moving body, including a scraper having a bladed edge at the fore end thereof, a mechanism for pressing the scraper against the surface of the moving body, and a mechanism for reciprocatingly driving the scraper on and along the surface of the moving body in parallel relation therewith.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel vitamin D.sub.3 derivatives which have a carboxyl group or its ester group at the 22-position, processes for the preparation thereof, and antigens, which comprise said vitamin D.sub.3 derivative and an immunogenic carrier material, to be used for the preparation of antibodies for enzymeimmunoassay or radioimmunoassay and antibodies obtained therefrom.The determination of such activated vitamin D.sub.3 compounds as 25-hydroxy vitamin D.sub.3, 24, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D.sub.3, etc. can be made satisfactorily according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of active-type vitamin D.sub.3 compounds and their intermediates. In accordance with the present invention, a large amount of an active-type vitamin D.sub.3 compounds, for example 1.alpha.-hydroxycholecalciferol, 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and the like, is efficiently prepared with high industrial advantages by a novel processes, which comprises (i) reacting hydroxycholesta-5-enes having the hydroxyl groups protected with lower alkoxycarbonyl group as a starting material with allylic brominating agent and dehydrobrominating agent to prepare the corresponding hydroxycholesta-5,7-dienes, (ii) exposing the hydroxycholesta-5,7-dienes to ultraviolet irradiation or to a combination of the irradiation with thermal isomerization to obtain a mixture of the unreacted hydroxycholesta-5,7-dienes and previtamin D.sub.3 compounds or a mixture of the unreacted hydroxycholesta-5,7-dienes and the protected active-type vitamin D.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing a steroid compound having an oxo group in the side chain, which comprises condensing an acid halide having a steroid skeleton with an organozinc compound at the halocarbonyl group of the acid halide in an inert organic medium in the presence of a catalytic amount of an ether capable of forming a complex with the organozinc compound, and if desired, hydrolyzing the product. The process produces the steroid compound at a high yield, and often at an almost quantitative yield. The steroid compound is an important intermediate for the production of vitamin D.sub.3 analogs such as active forms of vitamin D.sub.3. In one preferred embodiment, an industrially advantageous process from the standpoint of operation is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholestane derivatives and a process for preparing them.The novel 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholestane derivatives of this invention can easily be converted to 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or 1.alpha.,24,25-trihydroxycholecalciferol which is known as useful for medicine controlling the calcium metabolism of warm-blooded animals. Moreover, 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholestane derivatives can be converted to novel 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol expressed by the following formula ##STR1## and novel 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol of the formula ##STR2## which are useful for medicine. The new 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholestane derivatives in the present invention are very useful as the intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of active vitamin D.sub.3.