Abstract: A steel shaft material having desirable cuttability and induction hardenability even in the form of milled stock without being subjected to any heat treatment, such as annealing, and a method for manufacturing the same. A steel ingot is prepared containing 0.38 to 0.45 wt. % of carbon, 0.15 wt % or less of silicon, 0.3 to 1.0 wt % of manganese, 0.0005 to 0.0030 wt % of boron, 0.01 to 0.05 wt % of titanium, 0.01 to 0.06 wt % of aluminum, 0.010 wt % or less of nitrogen, optionally at least one of chromium in an amount of 0.3 wt % or less and molybdenum in an amount of 0.10 wt % or less, and optionally at least one of 0.005 to 0.30 wt % of sulfur, 0.0002 to 0.005 wt % of calcium, 0.005 to 0.30 wt % of lead and 0.005 to 0.10 wt % of tellurium, and the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities. After the ingot is heated to 1,100.degree. C. or less, the ingot is milled at a finishing temperature of 950.degree. C. or below and an area reduction rate of 70% or higher, and then cooled in the atmosphere.

Abstract: A case hardening steel which consists essentially of 0.03-0.2 wt % of C, 1.0-3.0 wt % of Si, 0.2-2.0 wt % of Mn, 0.05-0.5 wt % of V and the balance of Fe. The primary advantage of this steel is fineness of grain size after carburizing at relatively high temperatures. Even when carburizeed at or above 950.degree. C., the grain size number is not smaller than 6 in both the hardened case and the core. Optionally the steel may contain up to 2.0 wt % of Ni, up to 2.0 wt % of Cr and/or up to 0.5 wt % of Mo for the reinforcing purpose, and/or up to 0.1 wt % of Al, up to 0.3 wt % of Ti, up to 0.1 wt % of Zr, up to 0.03 wt % of N and/or up to 0.5 wt % of Nb+Ta for the purpose of depressing the grain growth.

Abstract: An improved steel for cold forging for machine structural use, particularly, case hardening steel, contents of Al, N and Nb are selected to satisfy a specific corelation therebetween, and the amounts of O and S are controlled. The steel is resistant to cracking at the cold forging, and growth of austenite crystals to coarse grains during carburizing or carbonitriding is prevented.Disclosed are preferable structure of the steel and rolling conditions to obtain the structure, and conditions for continuous casting of the steel.

Abstract: A bolting bar material consists in weight ratio of 0.05.about.0.2% of C, 0.05.about.0.8% of Si, 0.8.about.2% of Mn, not more than 0.035% of P, not more than 0.030% of S, 0.005.about.0.05% of Nb, 0.01.about.0.05% of Al, 0.005.about.0.025% of N, 0.05.about.0.35% in total of at least one element selected from not more than 0.25% of V, not more than 0.25% of Ti and not more than 0.25% of Zr, and if necessary, 0.05.about.1.5% in total of at least one element selected from 0.05.about.0.5% of Ni, 0.05.about.0.5% of Cr and 0.05.about.0.5% of Mo, and the balance of Fe. In the production of the bolting bar material, the steel having the above composition is heated to 1000.degree..about.1100.degree. C., rolled at a finish rolling temperature of 750.degree..about.950.degree. C. and cooled at a rate of 5.degree..about.50.degree. C./sec on average.