Abstract: A tire 12 includes: a tread surface 34; seat contact surfaces 58 each to be in contact with a seat S of a rim R; and side surfaces 60 extending on and between the tread surface 34 and the seat contact surfaces 58. Each side surface 60 includes a flange contact surface 62 to be in contact with a flange F of the rim R, and a flange opposed surface 64 which is located radially outward of the flange contact surface 62 and is to be opposed to the flange F. The flange opposed surface 64 is formed to be a surface having a diameter increasing outward in an axial direction. A shape of the flange opposed surface 64 is represented by a circular arc, and a radius of the circular arc is not less than 11.0 mm and not greater than 20.0 mm.

Abstract: An exclusion module (21) is configured to calculate a coating amount of each component whose measurement element is not contained in the base layers, for each of corresponding measurement lines, on an assumption that that component solely makes up the thin film and to adopt a maximum coating amount as an initial value of the coating amount of that component; and to calculate a coating amount of each component whose measurement element is contained in the base layers, for each of corresponding measurement lines, on the basis of initial values of coating amounts of individual components whose measurement elements are not contained in the base layers, if calculation results for all the corresponding measurement lines give errors, to exclude that component from analysis targets as an unquantifiable component, and in other cases, to adopt a maximum coating amount as an initial value of the coating amount of that component.

Abstract: An exclusion module (21) is configured to calculate a coating amount of each component whose measurement element is not contained in the base layers, for each of corresponding measurement lines, on an assumption that that component solely makes up the thin film and to adopt a maximum coating amount as an initial value of the coating amount of that component; and to calculate a coating amount of each component whose measurement element is contained in the base layers, for each of corresponding measurement lines, on the basis of initial values of coating amounts of individual components whose measurement elements are not contained in the base layers, if calculation results for all the corresponding measurement lines give errors, to exclude that component from analysis targets as an unquantifiable component, and in other cases, to adopt a maximum coating amount as an initial value of the coating amount of that component.

Abstract: A method performed by a computer for image analyzation includes: receiving, by a processor of the computer, an image captured by an imaging device; specifying, by the processor of the computer, first and second areas in the image; detecting, by the processor of the computer, a target object from the image in accordance with a certain pattern indicating a range of color saturation in an analysis of a color of the target object; and extending, by the processor of the computer, the range of color saturation in processing of the detecting the target object, when luminance of the first area in the image is lower than a first threshold and luminance of the second area in the image is equal to or higher than a second threshold.

Abstract: A tire 12 includes: a tread surface 34; seat contact surfaces 58 each to be in contact with a seat S of a rim R; and side surfaces 60 extending on and between the tread surface 34 and the seat contact surfaces 58. Each side surface 60 includes a flange contact surface 62 to be in contact with a flange F of the rim R, and a flange opposed surface 64 which is located radially outward of the flange contact surface 62 and is to be opposed to the flange F. The flange opposed surface 64 is formed to be a surface having a diameter increasing outward in an axial direction. A shape of the flange opposed surface 64 is represented by a circular arc, and a radius of the circular arc is not less than 11.0 mm and not greater than 20.0 mm.

Abstract: A method performed by a computer, the method includes obtaining a plurality of images each of which includes a plurality of animals, the plurality of animals being attached with a plurality of attachment objects respectively, the attachment objects having respective different colors, using at least one image among the plurality of images, detecting the colors of the plurality of attachment objects respectively, using the plurality of images, detecting movements of the plurality of respective attachment objects, based on the colors of the plurality of attachment objects, and in accordance with the respective movements of the plurality of attachment objects, determining respective activity quantities of the plurality of animals.

Abstract: A method performed by a computer for image analyzation includes: receiving, by a processor of the computer, an image captured by an imaging device; specifying, by the processor of the computer, first and second areas in the image; detecting, by the processor of the computer, a target object from the image in accordance with a certain pattern indicating a range of color saturation in an analysis of a color of the target object; and extending, by the processor of the computer, the range of color saturation in processing of the detecting the target object, when luminance of the first area in the image is lower than a first threshold and luminance of the second area in the image is equal to or higher than a second threshold.

Abstract: A method performed by a computer, the method includes obtaining a plurality of images each of which includes a plurality of animals, the plurality of animals being attached with a plurality of attachment objects respectively, the attachment objects having respective different colors, using at least one image among the plurality of images, detecting the colors of the plurality of attachment objects respectively, using the plurality of images, detecting movements of the plurality of respective attachment objects, based on the colors of the plurality of attachment objects, and in accordance with the respective movements of the plurality of attachment objects, determining respective activity quantities of the plurality of animals.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, which includes a composition including Si in an amount of from 30% to 65% by mass of the negative electrode active material, includes a two phase matrix structure including an Sn—Cu based alloy matrix including an Sn content of 50% by mass or more of the Sn—Cu based alloy matrix, Si crystallites dispersed in the Sn—Cu based alloy matrix, and an Si—X based alloy crystallized so as to at least partially cover the Si crystallites, in which X is at least one element selected from Fe, Ni, and Co, and is added in an amount of 1% by mass or more of the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: The pixels located at equal intervals in a shot image are converted into intensity components and applied with a differential filter. The number of the obtained variations that have values larger than or equal to a certain value among the obtained variations is counted. Then discrimination of a vehicle shot in the target image is executed on the basis of the counted value. The counted value varies depending on a size of a shot object in a shot image. The counted value is large when an occupied area of the object is large, and the counted value is small when the occupied area of the object is small. By so doing, it is advantageously possible to properly discriminate a vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle-type determination apparatus includes a vehicle-portion extracting unit, a hood recognizing unit, and a vehicle-type determining unit. The vehicle-portion extracting unit extracts a vehicle portion from an image of a recognition object. The hood recognizing unit recognizes an area corresponding to a hood in the vehicle portion extracted by the vehicle-portion extracting unit. The vehicle-type determining unit determines the vehicle type based on the degree of inclination of a side of the hood area recognized by the hood recognizing unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, which has a composition containing Si in an amount of from 30 to 65% by mass and has a two phase matrix structure including an Sn—Cu based alloy matrix having an Sn content of 50% by mass or more, Si crystallites dispersed in the Sn—Cu based alloy matrix and an Si—X based alloy crystallized so as to at least partially cover the Si crystallites, in which X is at least one element selected from Fe, Ni and Co and is added in the Si—X based alloy in an amount of 1% by mass or more.

Abstract: A color classification method including: determining a plurality of predetermined process target regions from a plurality of pickup images taken by an imaging device; calculating a plurality of color distributions of pixels contained in the respective determined process target regions; and forming a plurality of clusters by executing a clustering process based on the calculated color distributions for the pickup images, the method being for classifying a plurality of colors with respect to the respective formed clusters, the forming step including: extracting predetermined number of the classified colors, whose calculated rates are highest in the calculated plurality of the rates, from among the predetermined classified colors; defining a plurality of color spaces, dimensions of each of which are selected from the predetermined number of the extracted classified colors.

Abstract: This invention is a technique to presume colors of an image. A color extraction method according to this invention include a luminance calculation step of calculating a luminance in a color extraction region, which is included in an image and from which a color is to be extracted, and storing the calculated luminance into a storage device; a color name extraction of referring to a luminance database storing a color name and a luminance corresponding to the color name to extract a color name in the color extraction region by using, as a main judgment element, the luminance in the color extraction region, which is stored in the storage device. As a result, it is possible to presume a color even in a case of the monochromatic image or color image photographed in the night.

Abstract: When an estimated value (A value) of an accumulation amount in a filter for trapping particulate matter reaches a prescribed value A1 corresponding to a prescribed accumulation amount Qm of the particulate matter and ash (S12), the forced regeneration of the filter is performed (S20); and when the estimated value (A value) reaches the prescribed value A1 again before the elapsed time since the completion of the forced regeneration of the filter reaches a prescribed time period T1 (S12, S14), it is judged that the amount of the ash accumulated in the filter is equal to or larger than a regulation amount (cleaning is required).

Abstract: A color classification method including: determining a plurality of predetermined process target regions from a plurality of pickup images taken by an imaging device; calculating a plurality of color distributions of pixels contained in the respective determined process target regions; and forming a plurality of clusters by executing a clustering process based on the calculated color distributions for the pickup images, the method being for classifying a plurality of colors with respect to the respective formed clusters, the forming step including: extracting predetermined number of the classified colors, whose calculated rates are highest in the calculated plurality of the rates, from among the predetermined classified colors; defining a plurality of color spaces, dimensions of each of which are selected from the predetermined number of the extracted classified colors.

Abstract: A vehicle-type determination apparatus includes a vehicle-portion extracting unit, a hood recognizing unit, and a vehicle-type determining unit. The vehicle-portion extracting unit extracts a vehicle portion from an image of a recognition object. The hood recognizing unit recognizes an area corresponding to a hood in the vehicle portion extracted by the vehicle-portion extracting unit. The vehicle-type determining unit determines the vehicle type based on the degree of inclination of a side of the hood area recognized by the hood recognizing unit.

Abstract: The pixels located at equal intervals in a shot image are converted into intensity components and applied with a differential filter. The number of the obtained variations that have values larger than or equal to a certain value among the obtained variations is counted. Then discrimination of a vehicle shot in the target image is executed on the basis of the counted value. The counted value varies depending on a size of a shot object in a shot image. The counted value is large when an occupied area of the object is large, and the counted value is small when the occupied area of the object is small. By so doing, it is advantageously possible to properly discriminate a vehicle.

Abstract: This invention is a technique to presume colors of an image. A color extraction method according to this invention include a luminance calculation step of calculating a luminance in a color extraction region, which is included in an image and from which a color is to be extracted, and storing the calculated luminance into a storage device; a color name extraction of referring to a luminance database storing a color name and a luminance corresponding to the color name to extract a color name in the color extraction region by using, as a main judgment element, the luminance in the color extraction region, which is stored in the storage device. As a result, it is possible to presume a color even in a case of the monochromatic image or color image photographed in the night.

Abstract: A heat transfer tube is formed with a corrugated water tube to be used in a heat exchanger, and satisfying 0.04?Hc/OD, where Hc is the corrugated groove depth of the corrugated tube and OD is the corrugation outside diameter thereof.