Abstract: The invention provides 3,3?-diamino-5,5?-diphenyl-4,4?-biphenyldiol which is useful as a monomer for a high-performance polymer, particularly a polymer satisfying performances highly required in the semiconductor field such as polybenzoxazole, polyimide or the like and 3,3?-dinitro-5,5?-diphenyl-4,4?-biphenyldiol as a raw material thereof. Also, the invention provides a polybenzoxazole having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1): (wherein R is a bivalent dicarboxylic acid residue).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) compounds, which comprises reducing bis(3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl) compounds with hydrazines in the presence of a catalyst. The method produces bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) compounds of high quality under mild conditions at high yields. The products can be isolated and purified in a simple manner to have a higher purity. The method is suitable to industrial-scale production of the products.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a process for economically producing mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate while recovering the excessive malonic acid and treating the by-product. The process of the present invention for producing mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate comprises reacting p-nitrobenzyl-alcohol with malonic acid in an organic solvent, which may contain di-p-nitrobenzyl malonate if necessary, cooling the reaction mixture thus obtained to 35.degree. to 100.degree. C., separating the malonic acid thus precipitated and treating the reaction mixture with a basic aqueous solution at 35.degree. to 80.degree. C. The di-p-nitrobenzyl malonate formed as the by-product is effectively utilized by hydrolyzing or reacting with malonic acid to thereby give mono-p-nitrobenzyl malonate.

Abstract: A reactive disazo compound which, in the free acid form, is represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H, Cl or SO.sub.3 H, R.sub.2 is H, CH.sub.3 or SO.sub.3 H, X is .beta.-sulfatoethyl, .beta.-thiosulfatoethyl, .beta.-phosphatoethyl or vinyl, Y is Cl or F, Z is Cl, F or Z.sub.1, Z.sub.1 is amino; mono- or dialkylamino having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be substituted by hydroxy, carboxy or sulfo; morpholino; anilino which may be substituted by halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, carboxy or sulfo; N-methylanilino, naphthylamino or sulfo-substituted naphthylamino; alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be substituted by lower alkoxy; phenoxy; alkylthio having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be substituted by hydroxy; phenylthio, and Q is N, C--Cl or C--F when Z is Cl or F and N when Z is Z.sub.1. These compounds are used for dyeing or printing cellulosic fibers.