Abstract: A computer program that can manipulate a remote database at higher speeds even in the case where different kinds of processing requests are produced. A record fetching unit produces a record retrieval request, and a message sending unit sends it to a remote database. Records retrieved from the remote database are then stored in a record storage unit. With subsequent data modification commands, a data modification unit modifies database records stored in the record storage unit, during which a modification logging unit creates a modification log in a modification log storage unit to record each change made to the records. If such a modification log is present in the modification log storage unit when a new record retrieval request arises, the message sending unit creates update requests from the modification log entries and sends them, together with the new record retrieval request, to the remote database in a single message.

Abstract: A mode switching circuit is for use in a reproducing apparatus, and comprises a rotation detecting circuit for detecting the rotation of a rotary body which rotates according to a moving tape, a plunger solenoid for driving a plunger which switches the operating state of the reproducing apparatus to a state which is in accordance with the moving mode of the tape, an unrecorded band detecting circuit for detecting an unrecorded band from the tape which moves in a fast-forward mode during a program selecting mode of the reproducing apparatus, a control circuit coupled to the rotation detecting circuit and to the unrecorded band detecting circuit, and a feedback path coupled from a connection point between the control circuit and the plunger solenoid to the rotation detecting circuit through a resistor.