Abstract: A magneto-resistive thin film magnetic head is provided, which magnetic head includes: a base; a first yoke provided on the base and separated by a gap into first and second portions, the first portion including a side which opposes a magnetic recording medium; a magneto-resistive element which is magnetically coupled to the first and second portions of the first yoke and detects a magnetic recording signal; a second yoke formed on the first yoke so as to form a reproducing head gap between the first portion of the first yoke and the second yoke; and a third yoke provided between the first portion of the first yoke and the base so as to be magnetically coupled to the first portion of the first yoke. The reproducing head gap, the first portion of the first yoke, the magneto-resistive element, the second portion of the first yoke, ad the second yoke form a cut magnetic circuit.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic tunneling magneto-resistive head includes a first yoke, divided into a proximal portion and a distal portion across a gap; a second yoke formed so as to resist the first yoke, positioned opposite a magnetic recording medium, a read head gap being formed between the first and second yokes; a tunneling magneto-resistive element including at least one layer of insulating material, the insulating layer being sandwiched between at least two layers of magnetic material, the tunneling magneto-resistive element magneto-electrically converting a signal magnetic field applied via the first yoke and the second yoke by the recording medium making sliding contact with the read head gap; and a pair of electrodes positioned one at each end of the tunneling magneto-resistive element in a direction of layering of the magnetic layers.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive effect element 5 is physically configured such that the element width is at least three times as large as the element height. A plurality of domain control layers 11 to 13 are located between the magnetoresistive effect element 5 and a plurality of detecting electrodes 8 to 10 in a state that the domain control layers 11 to 13 are closely formed on the magnetoresistive effect element 5. Each of the domain control layers 11 to 13 applies a unidirectional magnetic field to a region of the magnetoresistive effect element 5 vertically disposed in a guard band of the magnetic recording medium 4, the guard band having no information recorded therein. The unidirectional magnetic field is directed in an orientation of an initial magnetization in a single magnetoresistive effect element, the orientation of which depends on a direction of on an easy axis of the magnetoresistive effect element 5.

Abstract: A method for transferring data between electronic filing systems via a communications network and using facsimile communications protocol is disclosed. The method includes the step of adding codes corresponding to non-standardized terminal capability information into a session start command (CSS) of a facsimile communication protocol and sending the CSS to a receiving end electronic filing system. The non-standardized terminal capability information includes a code indicating that the sending system is an electronic filing system and the memory capacity of the sending system, etc.The method further includes the step of adding header information at the top of the communication data to be transmitted. The header information includes an identifier identifying whether or not the data to be transmitted corresponds to an image; if it corresponds to an image, the header information further includes the size and line density of the image, the compression method for the image, etc.

Abstract: To enhance low and high frequency components in a sound signal, low frequency components are used to generate new yet lower frequencies (subharmonics), and high frequency components are used to generate new yet higher frequencies (harmonics), the new frequencies added to the original signal thereby increasing the original signal bandwidth.

Abstract: An amplitude control circuit of the invention includes a vector composition circuit (18) for composing a cosine-wave signal (e3) from a sine-wave signal (e1) and a control signal generation circuit (20) for providing a control signal (e4) from the sine- and cosine-wave signals (e1, e3) which the control signal (e4) has substantially no ripples. DC level of the control signal (e4) is varied proportional to the amplitude of the sine-wave signal (e1) regardless of the frequency of the sine-wave signal (e1). The amplitude of an amplification control circuit (12) is controlled by the control signal (e4) so that the amplitude of the oscillation output signal (e1) derived from the oscillation circuit (16) is constant.

Abstract: An amplitude control circuit of the invention includes a vector composition circuit (18) for composing a cosine-wave signal (e3) from a sine-wave signal (e1) and a control signal generation circuit (20) for providing a control signal (e4) from the sine- and cosine-wave signals (e1, e3) which the control signal (e4) has substantially no ripples. DC level of the control signal (e4) is varied proportional to the amplitude of the sine-wave signal (e1) regardless of the frequency of the sine-wave signal (e1). The amplitude of an amplification control circuit (12) is controlled by the control signal (e4) so that the amplitude of the oscillation output signal (e1) derived from the oscillation circuit (16) is constant.

Abstract: An impedance measuring device having a signal source (10) for providing a first signal (e1) having a given frequency, a given amplitude and a given waveform; a differentiation circuit (14) which includes an unknown impedance element, for differentiating the first signal and providing a second signal (e3); and a peak voltmeter (12) for measuring the unknown impedance element whose impedance value is proportional to an amplitude of the second signal and is displayed by the peak voltmeter.

Abstract: A critical torque detector is disclosed made up of a rotating input member, an output member supporting a drill and connected in a "flexible driving connection" with the input rotating member, and means for detecting difference in rotational speed between the input and output members due to a greater torsional resistance encountered by the drill during its operation than the critical torque predetermined for a specific drill. The input and output members are drivingly connected, as by a coil spring, magnetic repelling forces and so on, so as to rotate conjointly whenever a torsional resistance or a torque encountered by a running drill is lower than the predetermined value, but they are not always rigidly connected. Upon occurrence of greater torque imposed on the drill, the output member will be permitted to delay in rotation as compared to the input member. Such difference in rotational speed can be taken out mechanically or electromagnetically as a signal to detect occurrence of the critical torque.

Abstract: A critical torque detector is disclosed made up of a rotating input member, an output member supporting a drill and connected in a "flexible driving connection" with the input rotating member, and means for detecting difference in rotational speed between the input and output members due to a greater torsional resistance encountered by the drill during its operation than the critical torque predetermined for a specific drill. The input and output members are drivingly connected, as by a coil spring, magnetic repelling forces and so on, so as to rotate conjointly whenever a torsional resistance or a torque encountered by a running drill is lower than the predetermined value, but they are not always rigidly connected. Upon occurrence of greater torque imposed on the drill, the output member will be permitted to delay in rotation as compared to the input member. Such difference in rotational speed can be taken out mechanically or electromagnetically as a signal to detect occurrence of the critical torque.

Abstract: A critical torque detector is disclosed made up of a rotating input member, an output member supporting a drill and connected in a "flexible driving connection" with the input rotating member, and means for detecting difference in rotational speed between the input and output members due to a greater torsional resistance encountered by the drill during its operation than the critical torque predetermined for a specific drill. The input and output members are drivingly connected, as by a coil spring, magnetic repelling forces and so on, so as to rotate conjointly whenever a torsional resistance or a torque encountered by a running drill is lower than the predetermined value, but they are not always rigidly connected. Upon occurrence of greater torque imposed on the drill, the output member will be permitted to delay in rotation as compared to the input member. Such difference in rotational speed can be taken out mechanically or electromagnetically as a signal to detect occurrence of the critical torque.