Abstract: An apparatus for waste water treatment, wherein fluorine contained in waste water is treated into a fluoride through a chemical reaction and sludge containing the fluoride is thickened and dehydrated into a sludge cake, has first and second tanks each packed with calcium carbonate mineral. In the first tank, waster water containing fluorine is agitated by air discharged from an air diffuser and caused to react with the calcium carbonate mineral. Through this reaction of the waste water with the calcium carbonate mineral and action of microorganisms on the surface of the calcium carbonate mineral, a pH value and a fluorine concentration of the waste water is adjusted till the pH value and the fluorine concentration fall within their respective predetermined ranges.

Abstract: A waste water treatment apparatus is provided which can treat a high-concentration waste water containing persistent chemical substances including nitrogen and surfactant simultaneously with small amount of exhaust gases and is yet simple in construction. The apparatus has a first bioreactor having a lower portion including an inflow pipe for admission of waste water to be treated and aeration means, and an upper portion packed with vinylidene chloride fillers; a second bioreactor including a filler-packed portion packed with charcoal and calcium carbonate fillers; and an exhaust gas introduction diffuser for directing exhaust gases generated in an uppermost portion of the first bioreactor into the filler-packed portion. The water under treatment is anaerobically treated in the lower portion and is subjected to aerobic treatment and also to anaerobic treatment in the upper portion.

Abstract: A tape transporting apparatus comprising a detecting device for detecting the winding diameter of a reel or the travelling state of tape, and a height variable device for varying the tape restricting height of a tape guide depending on the output of the detecting device, in which the tape restricting height is varied when the tape is deformed when the winding diameter becomes small and the tape tension becomes large, thereby preventing tape damage.

Abstract: An apparatus for waste water treatment, wherein fluorine contained in waste water is treated into a fluoride through a chemical reaction and sludge containing the fluoride is thickened and dehydrated into a sludge cake, has first and second tanks each packed with calcium carbonate mineral. In the first tank, waster water containing fluorine is agitated by air discharged from an air diffuser and caused to react with the calcium carbonate mineral. Through this reaction of the waste water with the calcium carbonate mineral and action of microorganisms on the surface of the calcium carbonate mineral, a pH value and a fluorine concentration of the waste water is adjusted till the pH value and the fluorine concentration fall within their respective predetermined ranges.