Abstract: Surface roughnesses of a rear surface 10a of a combustion chamber 10 and an inner wall 11a of a cooling cavity 11 of a piston 1 are equal to or less than 6.3 S (areas a? and b? indicated by chain double-dashed lines). The areas of which surface roughness is equal to or less than 6.3 S are surface-coated with a layer of a self-cleaning catalyst. Accordingly, the oil is less subject to remain on the surface-coated areas, so that oil coking and a decrease in the coefficient of heat transfer can be avoided, thereby preventing an increase in temperature and deterioration in strength of the piston caused by coking. Therefore, the piston 1, 30 for an internal combustion engine which has a simple structure to be compact and to avoid an increase in cost and easily responds to increased engine power without increasing an amount of the cooling oil and the capacity of an oil cooler can be obtained.

Abstract: An oil seal (10) includes a first seal (20) for sealing an engine (1) side and a second seal (30) for sealing a flywheel (4) side. The first seal (20) is an axial seal abutted on an inner ring (11) from the direction along the axial direction of a crank shaft (2). The second seal (30) is a radial seal abutted on the inner ring (11) from the direction along the radial direction of the crank shaft (2). A communication hole (25) is provided on the second seal (30), thereby preventing a space (40) surrounded by the first seal (20), the second seal (30) and the inner ring (11) from the occurrence of the negative pressure.

Abstract: An oil seal (10) includes a first seal (20) for sealing an engine (1) side and a second seal (30) for sealing a flywheel (4) side. The first seal (20) is an axial seal abutted on an inner ring (11) from the direction along the axial direction of a crank shaft (2). The second seal (30) is a radial seal abutted on the inner ring (11) from the direction along the radial direction of the crank shaft (2). A communication hole (25) is provided on the second seal (30), thereby preventing a space (40) surrounded by the first seal (20), the second seal (30) and the inner ring (11) from the occurrence of the negative pressure.

Abstract: An exhaust valve guide for engines which is not corroded with SOx contained in an exhaust gas from an engine in which EGR is carried out, or from an engine using a fuel of a high sulfur content. A tubular member of the exhaust valve guide is press-fitted in a receiving hole of a cylinder head. A valve stem of an exhaust valve is slidably inserted into a shaft hole of the tubular member. An inner side of the shaft hole of the exhaust valve guide is surface treated with a material having a corrosion resistance and an abrasion resistance. The tubular member is made of, for example, regular cast iron, and the surface treatment operations using a material having a corrosion resistance and an abrasion resistance include, for example, Cr plating, Mo flame spraying, Ni plating.

Abstract: A temperature confirmation mechanism is disclosed for use with water supply equipment. The temperature confirmation mechanism allows a user to confirm the temperature of the water before causing water to spout from the water supply equipment. The temperature confirmation mechanism includes a conduit having a shallow portion formed around a conduit. A water supply communicates with the conduit to supply water to the water supply equipment. An enclosing member creates a chamber by enclosing the shallow portion around the conduit. Further, the enclosing member is rotatable around said shallow portion. A communication hole fluidly connects the conduit and the chamber. A temperature confirmation hole is provided in said enclosing member. As such, water exiting the temperature confirmation hole may be tested before the user spout water from the water supply equipment. In one embodiment, the diameter of the temperature confirmation hole is larger than the diameter of the communication hole.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for predicting a lubricating oil replacement time for an engine by precisely predicting a total acid value and/or an amount of soot in a lubricating oil and by displaying an accurate time which will elapse before a required lubricating oil replacement. Accurate prediction of lubricating oil replacement prevents engine seizing and other damage and avoids wasteful replacement of otherwise useful lubricating oil.

Abstract: A bidet apparatus for washing of the vagina wall and the pudendum of a woman is disclosed. The bidet includes a contoured grip section that allows a user to easily grasp and operate the apparatus. A spout nozzle is connected to a water supply conduit for spouting water from a faucet or water supply. A valve mechanism is connected between the faucet or water supply and the washing water conduit and allows a user to control the flow of water from the spout nozzle. The valve mechanism includes a first chamber connected to the faucet or water supply and a second chamber connected to the washing water conduit. The second chamber is located within the first chamber. A valve core is provided that seals the first chamber from the second chamber. A valve shaft is provided that allows the user to selectively connect the first chamber with the second chamber and control the water flow from the spout nozzle.

Abstract: An inexpensive bidet having a simple structure for heating and pressurizing washing water and having a good operability and a good washing ability. A three-way valve (51) is provided in a mixture plug (5) in a bathroom so that the mixing plug (5) branches into three ways a hose (7), a faucet (53) and a water temperature ascertaining port (54). A bidet (1) is connected to the mixing plug (5) via a hose (7). The bidet (1) is formed by a grip section (2), a washing water conduction pipe (21), a nozzle (3) at the free end of the grip section (2), and a valve rod (4). The washing water is supplied simultaneously to the hose (7) and the water temperature ascertaining port (54) via the three-way valve (51). The flow rate of the washing water is regulated by the valve rod (4).

Abstract: A centrifugal separating filter, which can efficiently separate dirt particles in liquid and keep the liquid clean, includes a turbine driving device (20), which is provided for rotating a rotating member (11) included inside the filter, and the turbine driving device (20) is driven by air pressure or exhaust gas pressure from an internal combustion engine (1) to separate foreign materials in a fluid. A control device (25) is provided for outputting an open/close command signal to a valve (26) provided at a turbine inlet of the turbine driving device (20), based on an output signal from at least one sensor (28) for detecting pressure or rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (1), and an output signal from an oil deterioration sensor (28).