Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second liquid crystal display panels located back to back. The liquid crystal display device further includes a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel, a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel, and a polarizing element provided between the first and second liquid crystal display panels. The rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light, incident on the rear substrate from the light source and propagating inside the rear substrate, toward the second liquid crystal display panel. The rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light toward the first liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display device which can easily be made thin and which is capable of high-quality displaying, as well as a mobile electronic device having the same. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes: a first substrate; a second substrate disposed so as to be closer to a viewer than the first substrate is; a liquid crystal layer provided therebetween; and a linear light source provided by a side of the first substrate, the linear light source emitting light toward a side face of the first substrate. The first substrate includes a selective reflection layer for selectively reflecting light of a specific polarization state, and the linear light source includes a point light source and a linear light guiding member for guiding light emitted from the point light source to the side face of the first substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device (100A) includes: a backlight (30a) with a curved emitting surface; and an LCD panel (10a), of which the surface that receives light emitted from the backlight and the surface that transmits light to conduct a display operation both have substantially the same degree of curvature as the emitting surface of the backlight. Supposing a plane that includes four points on two opposing ones of the four sides that define the extension of the emitting surface (32a) of the backlight is a reference plane (RPa), the light emitted through the emitting surface has an intensity distribution that has a half-width angle of ±30 degrees or less with respect to a normal to the reference plane.

Abstract: Blurriness of display in a liquid crystal display device having a light diffuser is suppressed. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a light source, a liquid crystal display panel for modulating light emitted from the light source, and a light diffuser being disposed at a viewer's side of the liquid crystal display panel and diffusing light traveling through the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes a color filter, and the light diffuser is disposed so that a distance d between the color filter and the light diffuser, a pixel pitch p of the liquid crystal display panel, and a display surface luminance L satisfy the relationship d/p<12.151L?0.3186.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device having a light diffuser, a desired luminance distribution is realized and displaying with a high contrast ratio across a broad angle range is performed. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel for modulating light emitted from a light source, and a light diffuser being disposed at a viewer's side of the liquid crystal display panel. The light diffuser is a prism sheet including a plurality of prisms, each prism having: a first prism section including a first slope slanted at a first angle with respect to the display surface normal direction; and a second prism section including a second slope slanted with respect to the display surface normal direction at a second angle different from the first angle and being disposed at the viewer's side of the first prism section.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device of a transflective type, the viewing angle characteristics of displaying in the transmission mode can be sufficiently improved, and yet bright displaying in the reflection mode can be realized. The liquid crystal display device is a liquid crystal display device of a transflective type including a liquid crystal display panel and an illuminator. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first light diffusing element disposed at the viewer's side of a liquid crystal layer and a second light diffusing element disposed at the opposite side of the liquid crystal layer from the viewer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including two liquid crystal display panels located back to back is made thinner. A liquid crystal display device includes first and second liquid crystal display panels located back to back. The liquid crystal display device further includes a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel, a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel, and a polarizing element provided between the first and second liquid crystal display panels. The rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light, incident on the rear substrate from the light source and propagating inside the rear substrate, toward the second liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: Manufacturing methods of liquid crystal display elements and manufacturing apparatuses for same which prevent an insulating substrate from sliding out of position and which attract and fix the substrate firmly and flatly by removing deformations of the substrate with substantially strong forces, even when a thin-type glass substrate or a thin-type plastic substrate is employed. A blower is used to exert attractive forces on the insulating substrate placed on a stage at a second attraction opening. A vacuum pump and a switching valve are used to exert the attractive forces first at the first attraction openings of the first group, then at the first attraction openings of the first and second groups, and finally at the first attraction openings of the first, second, and third groups on nearly the entire insulating substrate.

Abstract: Manufacturing methods of liquid crystal display elements and manufacturing apparatuses for same which prevent an insulating substrate from sliding out of position and which attract and fix the substrate firmly and flatly by removing deformations of the substrate with substantially strong forces, even when a thin-type glass substrate or a thin-type plastic substrate is employed. A blower is used to exert attractive forces on the insulating substrate placed on a stage at a second attraction opening. A vacuum pump and a switching valve are used to exert the attractive forces first at the first attraction openings of the first group, then at the first attraction openings of the first and second groups, and finally at the first attraction openings of the first, second, and third groups on nearly the entire insulating substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a plastic liquid crystal display device in which an aligning film processing can be carried out at 150 to 180.degree. C. and which can have optical characteristics comparable to those of the conventional glass substrate liquid crystal display device. The plastic liquid crystal device comprises a pair of plastic substrates, transparent electrodes, insulating films for protecting the electrodes, aligning films and a liquid crystal, wherein the aligning film is an aligning film which is formed by dissolving a high-temperature sintering organic polymer aligning film made of polyimide or a polyimide-like substance in a solvent, printing a resulting solution thereof on a substrate, removing only the solvent by heating and/or heating under reduced pressure, and sintering the substrate at 200.degree. C. or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to the present invention has a pair of plastic substrates opposing each other and a liquid crystal sandwiched therebetween. A hard coat layer made from a resin composition including fine particles of silicon oxide and an organic resin, an undercoat layer and a transparent electrode which are respectively made from an inorganic oxide are formed in this order on the inner opposing surface of each plastic substrate. Thus, a liquid crystal display having a hard coat layer serving as a buffer layer is provided. In this liquid crystal display, cracks in the undercoat layer and the transparent electrode and peeling between the plastic substrate and the undercoat layer are prevented.

Abstract: A plastic liquid crystal display device having top coats (insulating films) which can be set at 200.degree. C. or less without resort to ultraviolet light and have appreciable flexibility. The plastic liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of plastic substrates, transparent electrodes, insulating films for protecting the transparent electrodes, aligning films and a liquid crystal, wherein the insulating film (top coat) is formed by dispersing any one of acryl-silanic resin, epoxy-silanic resin and silanic resin in a solvent to provide a solution, coating the solution on the transparent electrode and sintering a resulting coating at 200.degree. C. or less.

Abstract: A method of producing a liquid crystal display device comprising the steps of opposing two substrates, which are composed of a transparent electrode formed on a plastic substrate, with a specified space therebetween, sealing the circumferential ends of the substrates with a sealant so as to form a sealed space, and injecting a liquid crystal to the sealed space, wherein a degassing treatment is conducted by heating each of the substrates or the sealed substrates in a vacuum atmosphere to release gas adsorbed on the surface of the substrates prior to the step of forming the transparent electrode, the sealing step or the injection step of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: First and second transparent hard plastic substrates are placed one over the other to form therebetween a gap into which a liquid crystal is to be sealed in. The first and second substrates are mounted on the reference plane of a stage. The distance between the first substrate and the reference plane is measured in a non-contact manner at a plurality of measuring points on a predetermined dividing line. Based on the distances measured, a slit is formed on the first substrate by cutting the first substrate along the dividing line while leaving a portion of a predetermined thickness uncut. The first substrate is then broken along the slit. With this arrangement, it is possible to cut the substrates while leaving a portion of an appropriate thickness uncut irrespective of unevenness of the thickness or waviness of the first substrate.

Abstract: A plastic-substrate liquid crystal display device has, on inner faces of a pair of plastic substrates 3 for sandwiching liquid crystals 10, a hard coat 4 made of an organic material, an SiOx undercoat 5, and an ITO electrode 6 in this order. Boron (B) is contained in the material of the hard coat 4. It is thus possible to enhance the adhesion property of the SiOx undercoat 5 and the ITO electrode 6 with respect to the substrate 3 and to prevent the occurrence of cracks therein.