Abstract: A method for producing an EPA alkyl ester-containing composition includes: preparing a raw material oil containing an EPA alkyl ester in an amount of from 50 to 92% by mass in the total fatty acids, in which a mass ratio of a DHA alkyl ester to the EPA alkyl ester contained in the raw material oil is 3.3% by mass or less and further a ratio of trans isomers in the EPA alkyl ester contained in the raw material oil is 2% by mass or less; bringing the raw material oil into contact with an aqueous solution containing a silver salt; recovering the aqueous solution containing the silver salt brought into contact with the raw material oil; bringing the recovered aqueous solution containing the silver salt into contact with an organic solvent; and recovering the organic solvent brought into contact with the aqueous solution containing the silver salt.

Abstract: A method for producing an EPA alkyl ester-containing composition includes: preparing a raw material oil containing an EPA alkyl ester in an amount of from 50 to 92% by mass in the total fatty acids, in which a mass ratio of a DHA alkyl ester to the EPA alkyl ester contained in the raw material oil is 3.3% by mass or less and further a ratio of trans isomers in the EPA alkyl ester contained in the raw material oil is 2% by mass or less; bringing the raw material oil into contact with an aqueous solution containing a silver salt; recovering the aqueous solution containing the silver salt brought into contact with the raw material oil; bringing the recovered aqueous solution containing the silver salt into contact with an organic solvent; and recovering the organic solvent brought into contact with the aqueous solution containing the silver salt.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid while suppressing deterioration of a silver salt solution. A method for producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing composition, the method comprising: supplying a raw material solution comprising an alkyl ester of polyunsaturated fatty acid and an aqueous solution comprising a silver salt to a flow channel mixer to contact the raw material solution with the aqueous solution; and collecting the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt which has been contacted with the raw material solution, in which the supplying the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt to the flow channel mixer and the collecting the same are performed concurrently.

Abstract: A substrate processing method includes a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a chemical liquid to a substrate, an elapsed period measuring step of measuring an after-the-end elapsed period, a recovery step of controlling the switching unit to be in a recovery guiding state, when, at a start of the chemical liquid supplying step, the after-the-end elapsed period is less than a predetermined first period, and a draining step of controlling the switching unit to be in a drain guiding state, in which the liquid led to the recovery space is led to the drain line, when, at the start of the chemical liquid supplying step, the after-the-end elapsed period is not less than the predetermined first period and then switching to the recovery guiding state based on establishment of a predetermined draining ending condition.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid while suppressing deterioration of a silver salt solution. A method for producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing composition, the method comprising: supplying a raw material solution comprising an alkyl ester of polyunsaturated fatty acid and an aqueous solution comprising a silver salt to a flow channel mixer to contact the raw material solution with the aqueous solution; and collecting the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt which has been contacted with the raw material solution, in which the supplying the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt to the flow channel mixer and the collecting the same are performed concurrently.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid while preventing deterioration of a silver salt solution. A method for producing a composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid, comprising: supplying an aqueous solution comprising a silver salt into a reaction vessel to contact the aqueous solution with a raw material solution comprising an alkyl ester of the polyunsaturated fatty acid; and collecting the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt which has been contacted with the raw material solution from the reaction vessel, wherein the supply of the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt into the reaction vessel and the collection of the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt from the reaction vessel are carried out concurrently with each other.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid while preventing deterioration of a silver salt solution. A method for producing a composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid, comprising: supplying an aqueous solution comprising a silver salt into a reaction vessel to contact the aqueous solution with a raw material solution comprising an alkyl ester of the polyunsaturated fatty acid; and collecting the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt which has been contacted with the raw material solution from the reaction vessel, wherein the supply of the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt into the reaction vessel and the collection of the aqueous solution comprising the silver salt from the reaction vessel are carried out concurrently with each other.

Abstract: A substrate processing method includes a chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a chemical liquid to a substrate, an elapsed period measuring step of measuring an after-the-end elapsed period, a recovery step of controlling the switching unit to be in a recovery guiding state, when, at a start of the chemical liquid supplying step, the after-the-end elapsed period is less than a predetermined first period, and a draining step of controlling the switching unit to be in a drain guiding state, in which the liquid led to the recovery space is led to the drain line, when, at the start of the chemical liquid supplying step, the after-the-end elapsed period is not less than the predetermined first period and then switching to the recovery guiding state based on establishment of a predetermined draining ending condition.

Abstract: The information block that is sequentially extracted from an information sequence and that serves as a conversion unit is divided into a plurality of sub-blocks, Then, counting is performed of the information items number of at least one of "0" and "1" that is contained in each sub-block for each sub-block of a plurality of the thus-divided sub-blocks. Then, there is performed, according to the counted result that has been thus obtained, inversion yes/no determination of whether the original information contained in each sub-block should be inverted under the consideration of minimizing the difference between the number of codes "0", and the number of codes "1", contained in the code block as a whole.

Abstract: A pentadecapeptide and salts thereof with immunopotentiating activity is presented. Also presented is a fermentation process for the preparation of the pentadecapeptide by a microorganism of the genus Streptoverticillium and pharmaceutical preparations containing the peptide or its salts.