Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a compound represented by general formula (I) by oxidative cleavage of a compound of formula (II), which is a bicyclic tetrasubstituted olefin compound, using hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a compound represented by general formula (I) by oxidative cleavage of a compound of formula (II), which is a bicyclic tetrasubstituted olefin compound, using hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Provided are: a method for producing N,N-dialkylhomofarnesic acid amide, which is a precursor of (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyldodecahydronaphtho[2.1-b]furan that is useful as a fragrance, at a high recovery rate of a raw material, at a high purity and at a high yield; and a method for producing (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyldodecahydronaphtho[2.1-b]furan. It is a method for producing N,N-dialkylhomofarnesic acid amide, said method including reacting nerolidol with N,N-dialkylformamide dimethyl acetal under the conditions that the N,N-dialkylformamide dimethyl acetal can be refluxed, wherein the molar ratio of the N,N-dialkylformamide dimethyl acetal to the nerolidol is in a range of 1.5 to 3.

Abstract: Provided are: a method for producing N,N-dialkylhomofarnesic acid amide, which is a precursor of (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyldodecahydronaphtho[2.1-b]furan that is useful as a fragrance, at a high recovery rate of a raw material, at a high purity and at a high yield; and a method for producing (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyldodecahydronaphtho[2.1-b]furan. It is a method for producing N,N-dialkylhomofarnesic acid amide, said method including reacting nerolidol with N,N-dialkylformamide dimethyl acetal under the conditions that the N,N-dialkylformamide dimethyl acetal can be refluxed, wherein the molar ratio of the N,N-dialkylformamide dimethyl acetal to the nerolidol is in a range of 1.5 to 3.

Abstract: Provided is an excimer lamp having a simple and small structure, which can be used in, for example, a refrigerator, and can emit ultraviolet light at a wavelength effective in disinfection processing without generating ozone in a surrounding atmosphere, without leaving gas impurities and moisture in an electrical discharge vessel, and without causing a steep illuminance decrease. A fluorescent substance is disposed on an inner face of the electrical discharge vessel for converting ultraviolet light emitted upon excimer electrical discharge of a light emitting gas to ultraviolet light having a longer wavelength. An inner electrode has a coil shape. A tight winding portion is formed at a certain area of the interior electrode which extends in the center axial direction of the interior electrode such that the coil is tightly wound in the tight winding portion. A getter is attached to the tight winding portion.

Abstract: Provided is an excimer lamp having a simple and small structure, which can be used in, for example, a refrigerator, and can emit ultraviolet light at a wavelength effective in disinfection processing without generating ozone in a surrounding atmosphere, without leaving gas impurities and moisture in an electrical discharge vessel, and without causing a steep illuminance decrease. A fluorescent substance is disposed on an inner face of the electrical discharge vessel for converting ultraviolet light emitted upon excimer electrical discharge of a light emitting gas to ultraviolet light having a longer wavelength. An inner electrode has a coil shape. A tight winding portion is formed at a certain area of the interior electrode which extends in the center axial direction of the interior electrode such that the coil is tightly wound in the tight winding portion. A getter is attached to the tight winding portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans from crude (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans obtained by subjecting (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan-2(1H)-ones which are produced by cyclizing a homofarnesylic acid amide or a monocyclohomofarnesylic acid amide in the presence of an acid agent and then hydrolyzing the cyclized product, to reduction reaction and then to cyclization reaction, said process including (i) an alkali treatment step in which the crude (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans are heated in the presence of an alcohol and a metal hydroxide; and (ii) a washing treatment step in which the crude (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans are washed with an aqueous acid solution. The thus obtained (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans have a less off-odor and hardly suffer from deterioration of their smell during storage.

Abstract: A filament lamp having a filament and an internal lead in which the filament is insulated from contact with the internal lead and prevent from moving during operation to maintain a uniform distribution of light. To this end, the filament lamp includes a luminous tube having an inner wall, and opposing ends on which sealing parts are formed. Multiple filaments are sequentially disposed inside the tube in an axial direction, and internal leads are connected to each filament. An insulating wall is provided along the inner wall of the luminous tube in the axial direction and is disposed around at least one of the multiple filaments. Internal leads running partly parallel to the filaments are positioned between the luminous tube and insulating wall and do not engage the ring supporters of the multiple filaments, which could cause the filaments to move and distribute light in a nonuniform pattern.

Abstract: A filament lamp has a bulb comprised of a straight light emitting tube from which a pair of flat hermetically sealed portions extend, a plurality of coiled filaments arranged within the light emitting tube, in the tube axis direction a pair of internal leads are connected to ends of the filament by a respective one of a plurality of metal foils that are embedded in the hermetically sealed portions, and external leads are connected to the metal foils. The width of metal foils embedded in the hermetically sealed portions is increased so as not to cause them to melt even when an electric current to be supplied to the filament lamp is increased, the hermetically sealed portions being made wider than the external diameter of the light emitting tube and the width between outer margins of the metal foils in a direction at right angles of the tube axis is greater than the internal diameter of the light emitting tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans from crude (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans obtained by subjecting (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan-2(1H)-ones which are produced by cyclizing a homofarnesylic acid amide or a monocyclohomofarnesylic acid amide in the presence of an acid agent and then hydrolyzing the cyclized product, to reduction reaction and then to cyclization reaction, said process including (i) an alkali treatment step in which the crude (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans are heated in the presence of an alcohol and a metal hydroxide; and (ii) a washing treatment step in which the crude (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans are washed with an aqueous acid solution. The thus obtained (±)-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl dodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furans have a less off-odor and hardly suffer from deterioration of their smell during storage.

Abstract: To provide the structure of a filament lamp having a plurality of independent power supply pathways, the structure being capable of preventing the power supply pathways from electrically shorting to each other, a filament lamp formed of a straight-tube shaped luminous part having multiple filaments (F1, F2, F3) divided in the axial direction, and sealing parts (20) on each of opposite ends of the luminous part (10) in which are embedded metal foils (31, 32, 33) corresponding to the number of filaments in an aligned manner, and leads for supplying electricity independently to each filament, the luminous part (10) having a first housing space (11) for housing the filaments and a second housing space (12) for housing the leads (51, 52, 53), the housing spaces be connected and extending in the axial direction.

Abstract: A filament lamp includes multiple filament assemblies having filaments connected to paired leads, arrayed in order within a light emitting tube and following a tube axis thereof. Each lead is electrically connected in a seal area. Each filament is powered independently. The light emitting tube includes insulating walls or inner tubes between the filaments and leads that have openings through which the leads pass, and located along the tube axis in proximity to the inner wall of the light emitting tube. Multiple lead accommodation spaces corresponding to the number of leads are provided in the light emitting tube by the insulating walls with each lead passing through an opening in the insulating wall and placed without short circuits in its lead accommodation space.

Abstract: To provide a filament lamp having a plurality of filaments disposed in sequence in the axial direction of a light-emitting lamp tube which is configured so as not to shield emitted light from a center filament, internal leads for two filaments disposed proximate hermetically sealed parts at both ends are connected to metal foils in the same hermetically sealed part.

Abstract: To provide the structure of a filament lamp having a plurality of independent power supply pathways, the structure being capable of preventing the power supply pathways from electrically shorting to each other, a filament lamp formed of a straight-tube shaped luminous part having multiple filaments (F1, F2, F3) divided in the axial direction, and sealing parts (20) on each of opposite ends of the luminous part (10) in which are embedded metal foils (31, 32, 33) corresponding to the number of filaments in an aligned manner, and leads for supplying electricity independently to each filament, the luminous part (10) having a first housing space (11) for housing the filaments and a second housing space (12) for housing the leads (51, 52, 53), the housing spaces be connected and extending in the axial direction.

Abstract: A filament lamp having a filament and an internal lead in which the filament is insulated from contact with the internal lead and prevent from moving during operation to maintain a uniform distribution of light. To this end, the filament lamp includes a luminous tube having an inner wall, and opposing ends on which sealing parts are formed. Multiple filaments are sequentially disposed inside the tube in an axial direction, and internal leads are connected to each filament. An insulating wall is provided along the inner wall of the luminous tube in the axial direction and is disposed around at least one of the multiple filaments. Internal leads running partly parallel to the filaments are positioned between the luminous tube and insulating wall and do not engage the ring supporters of the multiple filaments, which could cause the filaments to move and distribute light in a nonuniform pattern.

Abstract: A filament lamp has a bulb comprised of a straight light emitting tube from which a pair of flat hermetically sealed portions extend, a plurality of coiled filaments arranged within the light emitting tube, in the tube axis direction a pair of internal leads are connected to ends of the filament by a respective one of a plurality of metal foils that are embedded in the hermetically sealed portions, and external leads are connected to the metal foils. The width of metal foils embedded in the hermetically sealed portions is increased so as not to cause them to melt even when an electric current to be supplied to the filament lamp is increased, the hermetically sealed portions being made wider than the external diameter of the light emitting tube and the width between outer margins of the metal foils in a direction at right angles of the tube axis is greater than the internal diameter of the light emitting tube.

Abstract: To provide a filament lamp having a plurality of filaments disposed together in sequence in the tube axis direction of a light-emitting tube, with miniaturized hermetically sealed parts, by certain sheets of metal foil (26a, 26b), of the plurality of metal foils (24a, 24b, 25a, 25b, 26a, 26b), being disposed out of alignment with the tube axis direction in relation to the other of the metal foils (24a, 24b, 25a, and 25b), and are also disposed staggered in a direction perpendicular to the tube axis direction.

Abstract: To provide a filament lamp having a plurality of filaments disposed in sequence in the axial direction of a light-emitting lamp tube which is configured so as not to shield emitted light from a center filament, internal leads for two filaments disposed proximate hermetically sealed parts at both ends are connected to metal foils in the same hermetically sealed part.

Abstract: A filament lamp and light irradiation type heat treatment device capable of uniformly thermally processing the entirety of an article to be treated has a filament lamp (100) in which coil-shaped filaments are disposed along the tube axis within a light emitting tube (102), wherein the filaments are electrically connected to a low-emission coil (F2?) having a relatively smaller effective surface area and to high-emission coils (F1?, F1?) having relatively large effective surface areas, with the low-emission coil disposed in between in the axis of the tube direction, and a light irradiation type heat treatment device utilizing the filament lamp (100).

Abstract: Filament lamps whose individual filament coils can be set to specific temperatures in filament lamps that are supplied with electric power independently and to provide a heat treatment device of the light irradiation type that uses said lamps. Inside of a light emitting tube of each lamp, which has the hermetically sealed portions at each end, are multiple filament modules which have been made by linking pairs of leads which supply electrical power to both ends of coiled filaments and individual filaments that are placed so that they extend along the axis of the light emitting tube. In the electrically connected filament lamps, whose individual leads are connected to the respective electrically conductive material placed in the hermetically sealed portions, at least one of the individual filaments is made up of a single wire and at least two are made up of bundled wires with the single wire being located between the bundled wires.