Abstract: A light-emitting device including: a substrate; LEDs arranged on the substrate in a row; electrode pad pairs each including electrode pads at opposite sides of a corresponding LED in a row direction; Zener diodes (protective elements) in one-to-one correspondence to circuits (groups) U1 to U8 each including nine consecutive LEDs, each protective element being located between adjacent electrode pads; and a sealing member sealing the LEDs, the electrode pad pairs, and the Zener diodes, wherein, in each circuit, a distance between electrode pads included in an electrode pad pair corresponding to an LED located closest to the Zener diode is the shortest, and a distance between electrode pads varies between two electrode pad pairs other than the electrode pad pair corresponding to the closest LED.

Abstract: A light-emitting device (1) includes a base (10), a light-emitting element (11) placed on the base (10), and a wavelength converting layer (12) that covers the light-emitting element (11). The wavelength converting layer (12) includes a wavelength converting portion (13) that converts a wavelength of light from the light-emitting element (11), and a light guide portion (14) made of a light-transmitting material, and the light guide portion (14) extends from a light-emitting element (11) side to a light extraction side of the wavelength converting layer (12). Consequently, it is possible to provide a light-emitting device that can be miniaturized and reduced in thickness easily and can prevent a decrease in the light extraction efficiency.

Abstract: In an image processing apparatus, a ground color detecting unit is provided that detects ground color information indicating a ground color from input first image data. A storage unit stores a history of the ground color information detected by the ground color detecting unit, and a setting unit is also provided that sets a first threshold value that is a reference of the ground color based on a representative value of first ground color information indicating a first ground color included in the history stored in the storage unit. A ground color removing unit removes a ground color for input second image data based on the first threshold value which was set by the setting unit. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program is also provided, the program causing a processor to perform steps similar to those performed by the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A speed profile generation apparatus includes: an input unit that receives train performance, route information, information regarding a landmark, a starting position and ending position of generating a speed profile, and a starting time and target ending time of the speed profile; and a speed profile generator that generates the speed profile based on the information inputted to the input unit, the speed profile switching a traveling mode of a train by taking a position of the landmark as a reference.

Abstract: A process by which a multi-image type hologram, wherein one 3D image changes over to another depending on a viewing direction, can be fabricated in a simple construction, and a multi-image type hologram fabricated by that process. According to the process for the fabrication of a multi-image type hologram wherein one image changes over to another depending on a viewing direction, the area of a hologram recording material is divided into a plurality of sub-areas. Objects to be displayed on different images are holographically recorded in the respective sub-areas, using reference light having the same angle of incidence, images recorded in the respective sub-areas are simultaneously reconstructed from the recorded first-stage hologram, so that a second-stage hologram recording material is located near the reconstructed object images for recording them as a reflection or transmission type volume hologram.

Abstract: A system and method optimizes energy consumption in a railway system including a set of trains, a set of energy storage devices, and a set of substations connected to a grid by first optimizing control parameters controlling at least part of the energy consumption of the railway system to produce optimized control parameters. The optimized control parameters minimize, over multiple time steps, a combination of total power provided by the grid to satisfy a power demand of the railway system, a state-of-charge of each energy storage device, power supplied to charge the energy storage device and power supplied by the energy storage device. The optimizing is subject to constraints on operations of the railway system over multiple time steps. The constraints include a complementarity constraint. A command is generated to control the energy consumption of the railway system based on the optimized control parameters.

Abstract: A sheet conveying device, that can be included in an image forming apparatus, includes a first conveying unit to convey a sheet in a first direction, a second conveying unit disposed on a downstream side of the first conveying unit to convey the sheet in a second direction, and a first path formed between the first and second conveying units. At least the second conveying unit has a holding section to hold and convey the sheet. The sheet conveying device further includes a belt conveying unit disposed along an outer side of the first path and includes a belt to convey the sheet toward the holding section. The belt is stretched around a first belt holding and rotating member and a second belt holding and rotating member disposed on an upstream side of the second conveying unit in the second direction.

Abstract: A DC feeder voltage control apparatus includes a model-information storing unit storing train model information on each train running in a control section, substation model information on each substation, and feeding network model information in the control section, a fixed-voltage-value storing unit storing a fixed voltage value of a substation voltage set for each substation, a train-operation-state-information acquiring unit acquiring positions and operation state information on the trains running in the control section, a first-substation-voltage fixing unit outputting the fixed voltage value to two first substations located at both ends of the control section, and a second-substation-voltage calculating unit calculating a setting voltage value of the substation voltage in at least one second substation located between the two first substations based on the information, and substation voltages and substation currents of the first substations to output to the second substation.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate, first LEDs and second LEDs mounted on the substrate, multiple wirings separately formed on the substrate, and a conductive member for connecting adjacent two wirings in multiple wirings for establishing series connection, parallel connection, or a combination of series and parallel connections of the first LEDs and the second LEDs. This achieves the light-emitting device that can support multiple different specifications, using a single type of substrate.

Abstract: A technique of suppressing power consumption of a system so as to be equal to or less than contracted power when a refrigerator is used as a heat source is provided. A system control device (20) includes a power monitoring unit (23) that monitors power consumption of a heat source system and a demand restricting unit (24). The demand restricting unit (24) performs demand restriction by raising or lowering a set temperature so as to decrease power consumption of heat source equipment when the power consumption of the heat source system is greater than a first power threshold value set to a value lower than the contracted power.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having an enhanced cracking resistance at groove bottom, including at least one circumferential main groove 9 having such a sectional profile shape as including an axially inner wall portion 13, an inner arc portion 14 continuous with the inner wall portion 13, an axially outer wall portion 15 having a smaller length than the inner wall portion 13, an outer arc portion 16 continuous with outer wall portion 15, and a groove bottom portion 17 extending straight between the outer and inner arc portions while being inclined in a radially inward direction, in which the groove 9 has a maximum depth portion 18 on the tire equator side with respect to center position G1 of its width, and radius of curvature R1 of inner arc portion 14 and radius of curvature R2 of outer arc portion 16 satisfy the following relationships: R1?0.6 mm and R2?2×R1.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing apparatus including a ground color detecting unit that detects ground color information indicating a ground color from input first image data, a storage control unit that causes a storage unit to store a history of the ground color information detected by the ground color detecting unit, a setting unit that sets a first threshold value that is a reference of the ground color on the basis of a representative value of first ground color information indicating a first ground color included in the history stored in the storage unit, and a ground color removing unit that performs a ground color removal process for input second image data on the basis of the first threshold value set by the setting unit.

Abstract: A light-emitting device including: a substrate; LEDs arranged on the substrate in a row; electrode pad pairs each including electrode pads at opposite sides of a corresponding LED in a row direction; Zener diodes (protective elements) in one-to-one correspondence to circuits (groups) U1 to U8 each including nine consecutive LEDs, each protective element being located between adjacent electrode pads; and a sealing member sealing the LEDs, the electrode pad pairs, and the Zener diodes, wherein, in each circuit, a distance between electrode pads included in an electrode pad pair corresponding to an LED located closest to the Zener diode is the shortest, and a distance between electrode pads varies between two electrode pad pairs other than the electrode pad pair corresponding to the closest LED.

Abstract: A major object of the present invention is to provide a volume hologram transfer foil that gives a volume hologram laminate higher in antiforgery function. The present invention achieves the object by providing a volume hologram transfer foil comprising: a substrate, a volume hologram layer carrying a recorded volume hologram that is formed on the substrate, and an image forming layer carrying a formed image and a heat seal layer containing a thermoplastic resin that are formed on the volume hologram layer, and comprising no reflective layer having a function to reflect light.

Abstract: A method optimizes energy consumption in a railway system including a set of trains and a set of substations connected to a grid. The method optimizes control parameters controlling at least part of the energy consumption of the railway system to produce optimized control parameters minimizing a total power provided by the grid to satisfy a power demand of the railway system. The optimizing is subject to constraints on operations of the railway system, which include as complementarity constraint. Next, the method generates a command to control the energy consumption of the railway system based on the optimized control parameters.

Abstract: A system and method optimizes energy consumption in a railway system including a set of trains, a set of energy storage devices, and a set of substations connected to a grid by first optimizing control parameters controlling at least part of the energy consumption of the railway system to produce optimized control parameters. The optimized control parameters minimize, over multiple time steps, a combination of total power provided by the grid to satisfy a power demand of the railway system, a state-of-charge of each energy storage device, power supplied to charge the energy storage device and power supplied by the energy storage device. The optimizing is subject to constraints on operations of the railway system over multiple time steps. The constraints include a complementarity constraint. A command is generated to control the energy consumption of the railway system based on the optimized control parameters.

Abstract: The major object of the invention is to provide a volume-type hologram resin composition and a surface relief-type hologram resin composition having a high effect of preventing forgery and excellent in foil cutting, as well as a hologram layer and a hologram transfer foil using thereof. To achieve the object, there is provided a volume-type hologram resin composition having at least one kind of photopolymerizable compound, a photopolymerization initiator and fine particles, wherein the fine particles show magnetic resonance.

Abstract: A method optimizes energy consumption in a railway system including a set of trains and a set of substations connected to a grid. The method optimizes control parameters controlling at least part of the energy consumption of the railway system to produce optimized control parameters minimizing a total power provided by the grid to satisfy a power demand of the railway system. The optimizing is subject to constraints on operations of the railway system, which include as complementarily constraint. Next, the method generates a command to control the energy consumption of the railway system based on the optimized control parameters.

Abstract: Design COP is iteratively computed. Provided is a centrifugal chiller performance evaluation system including a data acquisition section for acquiring operating data from a centrifugal chiller as input data; a storage section storing a design COP estimation formula obtained by adding correction values corresponding to losses occurring in an actual environment to a computational formula for ideal actual-machine COP expressed using COP characteristics of a reverse Carnot cycle; and a computing section for estimating a design COP at a current operating point using the operating data acquired by the data acquisition section and the design COP estimation formula stored in the storage section.

Abstract: A speed profile creation device includes: a traveling simulator that creates, from a traveling instruction, a speed profile of allowing the train to travel through a traveling section together with a traveling time and energy consumption amount thereof by using a route condition, train performance, and a traveling condition; a traveling instruction draft creator that creates a plurality of traveling instruction drafts in which a reference speed profile is changed so that the energy consumption amount can decrease though the traveling time is lengthened a little; an optimum speed profile selector that selects an optimum speed profile in which an energy consumption amount reduction effect is maximum among the plurality of traveling instruction drafts; and a reference speed profile updating unit that updates the reference speed profile until the traveling time of the optimum speed profile becomes equivalent to the target traveling time.