Abstract: Succinic acid is produced by allowing a bacterium modified to enhance fumarate reductase activity or cell preparation thereof to react with an organic raw material in a reaction solution containing one of a carbonate ion, a bicarbonate ion, and carbon dioxide gas to generate succinic acid. More preferably, succinic acid is produced by allowing a bacterium modified to enhance activities of fumarate reductase and pyruvate carboxylase and decrease lactate dehydrogenase activity or cell preparation thereof to react with an organic raw material in a reaction solution containing one of a carbonate ion, a bicarbonate ion, and carbon dioxide gas to generate succinic acid. Succinic acid is obtained by collecting the produced succinic acid.

Abstract: Non-amino organic acids such as succinic acid, malic acid and fumaric acid are produced by reacting bacterial cells or treated bacterial cells of a coryneform bacterium with an organic raw material in an aqueous medium containing magnesium carbonate and/or magnesium hydroxide, and a certain range of concentration of a monovalent cation, while maintaining the pH within a certain range without increasing the volume of the aqueous medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin capable of contributing greatly to solve environmental problems and problems related to exhaustion of fossil fuel resources and having physical properties suited for practical use. The polyester according to the present invention has a diol and a dicarboxylic acid as constituent components and has an amount of terminal acid of 50 equivalents/metric ton or less.

Abstract: Provided is a bacterium which is capable of producing an organic acid and is modified so as to have an enhanced 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity as compared with that of an unmodified strain. An organic acid such as succinic acid can be produced by culturing the bacterium.

Abstract: Organic acid ammonium solution is produced by the steps of obtaining a fermentation broth containing organic acid magnesium by using an organic acid-producing microorganism in the presence of a magnesium compound, producing organic acid ammonium and a magnesium compound by subjecting the organic acid magnesium contained in the fermentation broth to salt-exchange using an ammonia compound, and separating the produced magnesium compound to obtain organic acid ammonium solution.

Abstract: Non-amino organic acids such as succinic acid, malic acid and fumaric acid are produced by reacting bacterial cells or treated bacterial cells of a coryneform bacterium with an organic raw material in an aqueous medium containing magnesium carbonate and/or magnesium hydroxide, and a certain range of concentration of a monovalent cation, while maintaining the pH within a certain range without increasing the volume of the aqueous medium.

Abstract: Succinic acid is produced by allowing a bacterium modified to enhance fumarate reductase activity or cell preparation thereof to react with an organic raw material in a reaction solution containing one of a carbonate ion, a bicarbonate ion, and carbon dioxide gas to generate succinic acid. More preferably, succinic acid is produced by allowing a bacterium modified to enhance activities of fumarate reductase and pyruvate carboxylase and decrease lactate dehydrogenase activity or cell preparation thereof to react with an organic raw material in a reaction solution containing one of a carbonate ion, a bicarbonate ion, and carbon dioxide gas to generate succinic acid. Succinic acid is obtained by collecting the produced succinic acid.

Abstract: An object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing organic acid with higher fermentation efficiency. The present invention provides a method for producing organic acid from an organic material by allowing bacterial cell or treated products thereof to act on an aqueous reaction solution containing the above organic material, which is characterized in that after completion of the reaction, the aqueous reaction solution is recovered, cell or treated products thereof are separated from the recovered aqueous reaction solution, and the separated cell or treated products thereof are allowed to act on a fresh aqueous reaction solution, so that the cell or treated products thereof are repeatedly used.

Abstract: A microorganism which does not form substantial foams during aerobic cultivation and which has an ability of producing erythritol is obtained by cultivating a microorganism having an ability of producing erythritol in a liquid medium, removing a microbial aggregate from the culture, collecting a microorganism which has physical properties such that when fractionated with water and a water-insoluble solvent the microorganism remains in a water layer in an amount of at least 20% or which has a hydrophobicity of 80% or less and further collecting a microorganism which does not form substantial foams during aerobic cultivation.

Abstract: A method of producing erythritol is disclosed, in which a microorganism having an ability of producing erythritol is cultivated for generation in a medium containing preferably 5 ppm or more of calcium, and erythritol is collected from the culture, thus producing erythritol efficiently.

Abstract: A wheel rim displacement measuring apparatus which measures radial and axial displacements of a rim wall on the basis of a nut seat pitch circle. A wheel to be measured is mounted on a lower head on the basis of a hub hole center and rotated about an axis of the lower head. An upper spindle which is horizontally displaceable relative to the lower head is adjusted in position so as to align with a nut seat pitch circle center of the wheel and is rotated about the axis of the lower head. A Fourier analysis is carried on a wave of the displacements of the upper spindle so that an eccentricity amount of the nut seat pitch circle center from the hub hole center of the wheel can be calculated from the first harmonic. In a computer, a wave of the displacements of the rim wall measured on the basis of the hub hole center is amended in calculation to a wave of the displacements of the rim wall from a true circle having a center at the nut seat pitch circle using the first harmonic wave.