Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for processing ultramafic material. The system may comprise a reactor for accelerating weathering of said ultramafic material. The reactor may comprise one or more chambers comprising one or more microbes, biological medicators, or enzymatic accelerants to facilitate the weathering of the ultramafic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a primer for a thermoplastic and/or elastomeric substrate, the primer comprising a film of an epoxy-modified polymer selected from the group consisting of an epoxy-modified-thermoplastic polymer, an epoxy-modified-thermoplastic polymeric composite, an epoxy-modified-elastomeric polymer, an epoxy-modified-elastomeric polymeric composite, a blend thereof, and any mixture thereof. Also provided are methods of repairing, inserting, assembling and coating a thermoplastic or elastomeric substrate using the primer of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a primer for a thermoplastic and/or elastomeric substrate, the primer comprising a film of an epoxy-modified polymer selected from the group consisting of an epoxy-modified-thermoplastic polymer, an epoxy-modified-thermoplastic polymeric composite, an epoxy-modified-elastomeric polymer, an epoxy-modified-elastomeric polymeric composite, a blend thereof, and any mixture thereof. Also provided are methods of repairing, inserting, assembling and coating a thermoplastic or elastomeric substrate using the primer of the present invention.

Abstract: Known organic solderability preservatives (OSP) contain an azole compound and are applied on a copper surface from an acidic solution. The OSPs are not visible to the naked eye when applied. A number of dyes compatible with the OSP solution and not interfering with solderability has been identified. The composition containing such a dye can produce a layer which is visible to the naked eye when applied even in a thin layer. The suitable dyes contain a cationic imine group having the general formula ##STR1## where X.sup.- is an anion such as chloride, iodide, sulphate, etc., or an organically bonded anionic group such as sulphonate.

Abstract: The degree of cure in a polymeric composite is evaluated in a simple, rapid and non-destructive manner by heating a surface portion of the polymeric composite to substantially curing temperature, over a predetermined period of time, and continuously monitoring with a non-contact temperature sensor temperature fluctuations of the heated surface portion during the predetermined period of time to obtain data comprising surface temperature values measured as a function of time. By processing such data including comparing with a calibration reference, for example by providing a curve of the measured surface temperature values against time and comparing with a reference curve, one can evaluate the degree of cure of the polymeric composite.

Abstract: An optical system is described for monitoring the thickness of a translucent film either free-standing or coated on a reflective substrate. A polychromatic light beam is projected onto the surface of the sheet, and the transmitted light is detected at, at least, three wavelengths of which only one corresponds to an absorption band of the film material. By properly processing the three or more detected signals, an accurate evaluation of the film thickness is obtained irrespective of the presence of colored pigments in the material or of wavelength-dependent attenuation due to scattering at the film interfaces. Optical configurations are also described which avoid errors produced by interference fringes or front-surface reflections while simplifying the scanning of the sheet surface.