Abstract: A marine fuel or fuel blending composition that includes a renewable component that can be blended into heavy residual fuel oil or marine gasoil to meet statutory limits for sulfur. The renewable component may comprise biodiesel distillation tower bottoms and/or renewable diesel comprising at least 70% n-paraffins. The marine fuel composition may also include a biodiesel. Alternatively, the renewable component may comprise unrefined biodiesel, wherein the unrefined biodiesel has been separated to remove glycerol but has not been subject to further upgrading or purification. The marine fuel composition may also exhibit increased solvency.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for using molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) to reduce, minimize, and/or avoid CO2 emissions in a marine vessel environment. The systems and methods can include operation of MCFCs on a marine vessel under high fuel utilization conditions in order to provide power and capture CO2. The high fuel utilization conditions can allow for mitigation of CO2 over extended periods of time in spite of the challenges of performing CO2 mitigation in a potentially isolated environment such as a marine vessel. Additionally, the high fuel utilization can also reduce or minimize exhaust of fuels, such as methane, to the environment.

Abstract: Compositions are provided that include at least a portion of an isoparaffinic blend component, an iso-olefinic blend component, or a combination thereof, along with a method for making such a blend component. The highly isoparaffinic and/or iso-olefinic nature of the blend component can allow a blend component to be used in combination with both conventional/mineral fractions as well as non-traditional feeds to form fuel fractions and/or fuel blending component fractions. Examples of fuels that can be formed by making a blend that includes an isoparaffinic and/or iso-olefinic blend component include diesel fuels, marine gas oils, and various types of marine fuel oils, such as very low sulfur fuel oils.

Abstract: Compositions are provided that include at least a portion of an isoparaffinic blend component, an iso-olefinic blend component, or a combination thereof, along with a method for making such a blend component. The highly isoparaffinic and/or iso-olefinic nature of the blend component can allow a blend component to be used in combination with both conventional/mineral fractions as well as non-traditional feeds to form fuel fractions and/or fuel blending component fractions. Examples of fuels that can be formed by making a blend that includes an isoparaffinic and/or iso-olefinic blend component include diesel fuels, marine gas oils, and various types of marine fuel oils, such as very low sulfur fuel oils.

Abstract: Fuel or fuel blending compositions corresponding to blends of a resid-containing fraction one or more fatty acid alkyl esters are provided, along with methods for forming such a fuel or fuel blending composition are also provided. Optionally, the fuel or fuel blending composition can further include a secondary flux. The secondary flux can correspond to additional renewable flux or conventional distillate flux. Optionally, the amount of renewable flux can correspond to 25 vol % or more of the fuel or fuel blending composition. Optionally, the resulting fuel or fuel blending composition can have a BMCI?TE difference value of 15 or less.

Abstract: Provided are marine fuels or fuel blending compositions, methods of making such fuels or compositions and methods of potentially reducing the life cycle carbon intensity of marine fuels or a fuel blending compositions. The marine fuel or fuel blending composition disclosed herein includes at least 20 vol % of a resid-containing fraction, and from 5 vol % to 80 vol % of one or more renewable fuel blending components. The one or more renewable fuel blending components includes one or more fatty acid alkyl esters. Optionally the one or more renewable fuel blending components may include gas-to-liquid hydrocarbons from renewable synthesis gas, hydrotreated natural fat or oil, hydrotreated waste cooking oil, hydrotreated tall oil, pyrolysis gas oil, or combinations thereof. Optionally, the resulting marine fuel or fuel blending composition can have a BMCI?TE difference value of 15 or less.

Abstract: Hydroprocessed residual fuel and/or fuel blending components are provided that have a sulfur and nitrogen level comparable to liquefied natural gas (LNG). Because of the low starting level of sulfur and/or nitrogen, the severity of the hydroprocessing that is needed for the crude oil or bottoms fraction in order to remove sulfur to a level that is comparable to LNG is reduced or minimized. This can allow the resulting marine residual fuels to have low carbon intensity, low SOx and NOx emission and high energy density. Since the hydroprocessed fractions correspond to a fuel oil product, the resulting marine fuel can be used in existing fleets, and can be distributed in existing bunkering systems.

Abstract: Marine diesel fuel/fuel blending component compositions and fuel oil/fuel blending component compositions are provided that are derived from crude oils having high naphthenes to aromatics volume and/or weight ratios and a low sulfur content. In addition to having a high naphthenes to aromatics ratio, a low sulfur content, and a low but substantial content of aromatics, such fuels and/or fuel blending components can have a reduced or minimized carbon intensity relative to fuels derived from conventional sources. The unexpected ratio of naphthenes to aromatics contributes to the fuels and/or fuel blending components further having additional unexpected properties, including low density, low kinematic viscosity, and/or high energy density.

Abstract: Marine diesel fuel/fuel blending component compositions and fuel oil/fuel blending component compositions are provided that are derived from crude oils having high naphthenes to aromatics volume and/or weight ratios and a low sulfur content. In addition to having a high naphthenes to aromatics ratio, a low sulfur content, and a low but substantial content of aromatics, such fuels and/or fuel blending components can have a reduced or minimized carbon intensity relative to fuels derived from conventional sources. The unexpected ratio of naphthenes to aromatics contributes to the fuels and/or fuel blending components further having additional unexpected properties, including low density, low kinematic viscosity, and/or high energy density.

Abstract: Distillate boiling range and/or diesel boiling range compositions are provided that are formed from crude oils with unexpected combinations of high naphthenes to aromatics weight and/or volume ratio and a low sulfur content. This unexpected combination of properties is characteristic of crude oils that can be fractionated to form distillate/diesel boiling range compositions that can be used as fuels/fuel blending products with reduced or minimized processing. The resulting distillate boiling range fractions and/or diesel boiling range fractions can have an unexpected combination of a high naphthenes to aromatics weight and/or volume ratio, a low but substantial aromatics content, and a low sulfur content.

Abstract: Marine diesel fuel/fuel blending component compositions and fuel oil/fuel blending component compositions are provided that are derived from crude oils having high naphthenes to aromatics volume and/or weight ratios and a low sulfur content. In addition to having a high naphthenes to aromatics ratio, a low sulfur content, and a low but substantial content of aromatics, such fuels and/or fuel blending components can have a reduced or minimized carbon intensity relative to fuels derived from conventional sources. The unexpected ratio of naphthenes to aromatics contributes to the fuels and/or fuel blending components further having additional unexpected properties, including low density, low kinematic viscosity, and/or high energy density.

Abstract: Marine gas oil compositions corresponding to fuels and/or fuel blending components are provided that can provide improved friction properties within an engine. Addition of lubricant base stock to a marine gas oil composition can reduce frictional losses within an engine during operation. The benefits in reduction of frictional losses can be observed based on the difference between the indicated mean effective pressure and the actual work delivered by an engine, where the difference corresponds to the frictional mean effective pressure.

Abstract: Heavy hydrotreated gas oil compositions are provided, along with marine fuel oil compositions and marine gas oil compositions that include a substantial portion of a hydrotreated heavy atmospheric gas oil. The hydrotreated heavy atmospheric gas oil can correspond to a gas oil with a relatively low viscosity and an elevated paraffin content in a narrow boiling range which results in a relatively high cloud point and/or pour point.

Abstract: Methods for making marine fuel oil compositions and/or marine gas oil compositions are provided. The fuel oil compositions can include a distillate fraction having a sulfur content of 0.40 wt % or more and a resid fraction having a sulfur content of 0.35 wt % or less. The distillate fraction can also have a suitable content of aromatics and/or suitable combined content of aromatics and naphthenes. The distillate fraction, optionally blended with a low sulfur distillate fraction, can be used as a gas oil fuel or fuel blending component. Using a distillate fraction with an elevated sulfur content and aromatics content as a blend component for forming a fuel oil can result in a marine fuel oil with improved compatibility for blending with other conventional marine fuel oil fractions.

Abstract: Marine fuel oil compositions are provided that exhibit unexpectedly high cetane numbers after addition of a cetane improver. Methods of making such compositions are also provided. The unexpected nature of the marine fuel oil compositions is based in part on the ability to achieve a substantial improvement in estimated cetane number by addition of a cetane improver to a hydrocarbonaceous composition with a natural estimated cetane number of less than 35. These unexpectedly high increases in estimated cetane number for fuels or fuel blending components with low natural estimated cetane numbers can allow for production of fuel compositions with desirable combustion characteristics while also maintaining a higher level of aromatic compounds and/or reducing or minimizing the amount of distillate boiling range components in the fuel or fuel blending component.

Abstract: Compositions corresponding to marine diesel fuels, fuel oils, jet fuels, and/or blending components thereof are provided that include at least a portion of a natural gas condensate fraction. Natural gas condensate fractions derived from a natural gas condensate with sufficiently low API gravity can provide a source of low sulfur, low pour point blend stock for formation of marine diesel and/or fuel oil fractions. Natural gas condensate fractions can provide these advantages and/or other advantages without requiring prior hydroprocessing and/or cracking.

Abstract: Compositions corresponding to marine diesel fuels, fuel oils, jet fuels, and/or blending components thereof are provided that include at least a portion of a natural gas condensate fraction. Natural gas condensate fractions derived from a natural gas condensate with sufficiently low API gravity can provide a source of low sulfur, low pour point blend stock for formation of marine diesel and/or fuel oil fractions. Natural gas condensate fractions can provide these advantages and/or other advantages without requiring prior hydroprocessing and/or cracking.

Abstract: Fuels and/or fuel blending components can be formed from hydroprocessing of high lift deasphalted oil. The high lift deasphalting can correspond to solvent deasphalting to produce a yield of deasphalted oil of at least 50 wt %, or at least 65 wt %, or at least 75 wt %. The resulting fuels and/or fuel blending components formed by hydroprocessing of the deasphalted oil can have unexpectedly high naphthene content and/or density. Additionally or alternately, the resulting fuels and/or fuel blending components can have a clear and bright appearance.

Abstract: Diesel boiling-range fuel blends including renewable diesel, biodiesel, and petrodiesel, where the diesel boiling-range fuel blend is capable of producing a minimal volume change of at least one swellable elastomer in a diesel boiling-range fuel system are provided herein. Methods of making the diesel boiling-range fuel blend as well as methods of reducing swellable elastomer shrinkage are also provided herein.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for upgrading catalytic slurry oil to form naphtha boiling range and/or distillate boiling range fuel products. It has been unexpectedly discovered that catalytic slurry oil can be separately hydroprocessed under fixed bed conditions to achieve substantial conversion of asphaltenes within the slurry oil (such as substantially complete conversion) while reducing or minimizing the amount of coke formation on the hydroprocessing catalyst. After hydroprocessing, the hydroprocessed effluent can be processed under fluid catalytic cracking conditions to form various products, including distillate boiling range fuels and/or naphtha boiling range fuels. Another portion of the effluent can be suitable for use as a low sulfur fuel oil, such as a fuel oil having a sulfur content of 0.1 wt % or less.