Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for manufacturing steel from molten iron and in particular, it relates to a lance of the type used in steel making utilizing a method involving a blown stream of oxygen, having a nozzle cooled by pipes symmetrically disposed in the nozzle with certain pipes extended to cool a central portion of the nozzle.

Abstract: A furnace cooling wall construction including a cooling plate built into the wall disposed transversely with one or more heat pipes enclosed in the plate and extending between a cooling chamber in the plate and adjacent the inner end of the plate with cooling water circulated to the chamber for circulation by the heat pipe.

Abstract: Furnace cooling apparatus is provided including iron staves on the inside of a steel shell, outer portions of the staves being hollow to define reservoirs filled with water. Heat pipes are mounted in bores in inner solid portions of each stave and extend from inner ends in the reservoir to outer ends spaced a short distance from the inner surface of the stave. The inner surface of a stave has alternating surfaces and recesses and heat pipes aligned therewith have corresponding long and short lengths.